[SPARK-33786][SQL] The storage level for a cache should be respected when a table name is altered

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR proposes to retain the cache's storage level when a table name is altered by `ALTER TABLE ... RENAME TO ...`.

### Why are the changes needed?

Currently, when a table name is altered, the table's cache is refreshed (if exists), but the storage level is not retained. For example:
```scala
        def getStorageLevel(tableName: String): StorageLevel = {
          val table = spark.table(tableName)
          val cachedData = spark.sharedState.cacheManager.lookupCachedData(table).get
          cachedData.cachedRepresentation.cacheBuilder.storageLevel
        }

        Seq(1 -> "a").toDF("i", "j").write.parquet(path.getCanonicalPath)
        sql(s"CREATE TABLE old USING parquet LOCATION '${path.toURI}'")
        sql("CACHE TABLE old OPTIONS('storageLevel' 'MEMORY_ONLY')")
        val oldStorageLevel = getStorageLevel("old")

        sql("ALTER TABLE old RENAME TO new")
        val newStorageLevel = getStorageLevel("new")
```
`oldStorageLevel` will be `StorageLevel(memory, deserialized, 1 replicas)` whereas `newStorageLevel` will be `StorageLevel(disk, memory, deserialized, 1 replicas)`, which is the default storage level.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

Yes, now the storage level for the cache will be retained.

### How was this patch tested?

Added a unit test.

Closes #30774 from imback82/alter_table_rename_cache_fix.

Authored-by: Terry Kim <yuminkim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Wenchen Fan <wenchen@databricks.com>
(cherry picked from commit ef7f690)
Signed-off-by: Wenchen Fan <wenchen@databricks.com>

Author: imback82

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/tables.scala

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import java.net.{URI, URISyntaxException}
 
 import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
 import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
-import scala.util.Try
 import scala.util.control.NonFatal
 
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.{FileContext, FsConstants, Path}
@@ -193,18 +192,19 @@ case class AlterTableRenameCommand(
     } else {
       val table = catalog.getTableMetadata(oldName)
       DDLUtils.verifyAlterTableType(catalog, table, isView)
-      // If an exception is thrown here we can just assume the table is uncached;
-      // this can happen with Hive tables when the underlying catalog is in-memory.
-      val wasCached = Try(sparkSession.catalog.isCached(oldName.unquotedString)).getOrElse(false)
-      if (wasCached) {
+      // If `optStorageLevel` is defined, the old table was cached.
+      val optCachedData = sparkSession.sharedState.cacheManager.lookupCachedData(
+        sparkSession.table(oldName.unquotedString))
+      val optStorageLevel = optCachedData.map(_.cachedRepresentation.cacheBuilder.storageLevel)
+      if (optStorageLevel.isDefined) {
         CommandUtils.uncacheTableOrView(sparkSession, oldName.unquotedString)
       }
       // Invalidate the table last, otherwise uncaching the table would load the logical plan
       // back into the hive metastore cache
       catalog.refreshTable(oldName)
       catalog.renameTable(oldName, newName)
-      if (wasCached) {
-        sparkSession.catalog.cacheTable(newName.unquotedString)
+      optStorageLevel.foreach { storageLevel =>
+        sparkSession.catalog.cacheTable(newName.unquotedString, storageLevel)
       }
     }
     Seq.empty[Row]

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/CachedTableSuite.scala

@@ -1285,4 +1285,24 @@ class CachedTableSuite extends QueryTest with SQLTestUtils
       assert(spark.sharedState.cacheManager.lookupCachedData(sql("select 1, 2")).isDefined)
     }
   }
+
+  test("SPARK-33786: Cache's storage level should be respected when a table name is altered.") {
+    withTable("old", "new") {
+      withTempPath { path =>
+        def getStorageLevel(tableName: String): StorageLevel = {
+          val table = spark.table(tableName)
+          val cachedData = spark.sharedState.cacheManager.lookupCachedData(table).get
+          cachedData.cachedRepresentation.cacheBuilder.storageLevel
+        }
+        Seq(1 -> "a").toDF("i", "j").write.parquet(path.getCanonicalPath)
+        sql(s"CREATE TABLE old USING parquet LOCATION '${path.toURI}'")
+        sql("CACHE TABLE old OPTIONS('storageLevel' 'MEMORY_ONLY')")
+        val oldStorageLevel = getStorageLevel("old")
+
+        sql("ALTER TABLE old RENAME TO new")
+        val newStorageLevel = getStorageLevel("new")
+        assert(oldStorageLevel === newStorageLevel)
+      }
+    }
+  }
 }