[SPARK-33850][SQL] EXPLAIN FORMATTED doesn't show the plan for subqueries if AQE is enabled

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR fixes an issue that when AQE is enabled, EXPLAIN FORMATTED doesn't show the plan for subqueries.

```scala
val df = spark.range(1, 100)
df.createTempView("df")
spark.sql("SELECT (SELECT min(id) AS v FROM df)").explain("FORMATTED")

== Physical Plan ==
AdaptiveSparkPlan (3)
+- Project (2)
 +- Scan OneRowRelation (1)

(1) Scan OneRowRelation
Output: []
Arguments: ParallelCollectionRDD[0] at explain at <console>:24, OneRowRelation, UnknownPartitioning(0)

(2) Project
Output [1]: [Subquery subquery#3, [id=#20] AS scalarsubquery()#5L]
Input: []

(3) AdaptiveSparkPlan
Output [1]: [scalarsubquery()#5L]
Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
```

After this change, the plan for the subquerie is shown.
```scala
== Physical Plan ==
* Project (2)
+- * Scan OneRowRelation (1)

(1) Scan OneRowRelation [codegen id : 1]
Output: []
Arguments: ParallelCollectionRDD[0] at explain at <console>:24, OneRowRelation, UnknownPartitioning(0)

(2) Project [codegen id : 1]
Output [1]: [Subquery scalar-subquery#3, [id=#24] AS scalarsubquery()#5L]
Input: []

===== Subqueries =====

Subquery:1 Hosting operator id = 2 Hosting Expression = Subquery scalar-subquery#3, [id=#24]
* HashAggregate (6)
+- Exchange (5)
   +- * HashAggregate (4)
      +- * Range (3)

(3) Range [codegen id : 1]
Output [1]: [id#0L]
Arguments: Range (1, 100, step=1, splits=Some(12))

(4) HashAggregate [codegen id : 1]
Input [1]: [id#0L]
Keys: []
Functions [1]: [partial_min(id#0L)]
Aggregate Attributes [1]: [min#7L]
Results [1]: [min#8L]

(5) Exchange
Input [1]: [min#8L]
Arguments: SinglePartition, ENSURE_REQUIREMENTS, [id=#20]

(6) HashAggregate [codegen id : 2]
Input [1]: [min#8L]
Keys: []
Functions [1]: [min(id#0L)]
Aggregate Attributes [1]: [min(id#0L)#4L]
Results [1]: [min(id#0L)#4L AS v#2L]
```

### Why are the changes needed?

For better debuggability.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

Yes. Users can see the formatted plan for subqueries.

### How was this patch tested?

New test.

Closes #30855 from sarutak/fix-aqe-explain.

Authored-by: Kousuke Saruta <sarutak@oss.nttdata.com>
Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dongjoon@apache.org>
(cherry picked from commit 70da86a)
Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dongjoon@apache.org>

Author: sarutak

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/ExplainUtils.scala

@@ -218,6 +218,8 @@ object ExplainUtils extends AdaptiveSparkPlanHelper {
       plan: => QueryPlan[_],
       subqueries: ArrayBuffer[(SparkPlan, Expression, BaseSubqueryExec)]): Unit = {
     plan.foreach {
+      case a: AdaptiveSparkPlanExec =>
+        getSubqueries(a.executedPlan, subqueries)
       case p: SparkPlan =>
         p.expressions.foreach (_.collect {
           case e: PlanExpression[_] =>

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/explain-aqe.sql.out

@@ -407,6 +407,101 @@ Condition : (((isnotnull(key#x) AND isnotnull(val#x)) AND (key#x = Subquery subq
 Output [2]: [key#x, val#x]
 Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
 
+===== Subqueries =====
+
+Subquery:1 Hosting operator id = 2 Hosting Expression = Subquery subquery#x, [id=#x]
+AdaptiveSparkPlan (10)
++- HashAggregate (9)
+   +- Exchange (8)
+      +- HashAggregate (7)
+         +- Project (6)
+            +- Filter (5)
+               +- Scan parquet default.explain_temp2 (4)
+
+
+(4) Scan parquet default.explain_temp2
+Output [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+Batched: true
+Location [not included in comparison]/{warehouse_dir}/explain_temp2]
+PushedFilters: [IsNotNull(key), IsNotNull(val), EqualTo(val,2)]
+ReadSchema: struct<key:int,val:int>
+
+(5) Filter
+Input [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+Condition : (((isnotnull(key#x) AND isnotnull(val#x)) AND (key#x = Subquery subquery#x, [id=#x])) AND (val#x = 2))
+
+(6) Project
+Output [1]: [key#x]
+Input [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+
+(7) HashAggregate
+Input [1]: [key#x]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [partial_max(key#x)]
+Aggregate Attributes [1]: [max#x]
+Results [1]: [max#x]
+
+(8) Exchange
+Input [1]: [max#x]
+Arguments: SinglePartition, ENSURE_REQUIREMENTS, [id=#x]
+
+(9) HashAggregate
+Input [1]: [max#x]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [max(key#x)]
+Aggregate Attributes [1]: [max(key#x)#x]
+Results [1]: [max(key#x)#x AS max(key)#x]
+
+(10) AdaptiveSparkPlan
+Output [1]: [max(key)#x]
+Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
+
+Subquery:2 Hosting operator id = 5 Hosting Expression = Subquery subquery#x, [id=#x]
+AdaptiveSparkPlan (17)
++- HashAggregate (16)
+   +- Exchange (15)
+      +- HashAggregate (14)
+         +- Project (13)
+            +- Filter (12)
+               +- Scan parquet default.explain_temp3 (11)
+
+
+(11) Scan parquet default.explain_temp3
+Output [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+Batched: true
+Location [not included in comparison]/{warehouse_dir}/explain_temp3]
+PushedFilters: [IsNotNull(val), GreaterThan(val,0)]
+ReadSchema: struct<key:int,val:int>
+
+(12) Filter
+Input [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+Condition : (isnotnull(val#x) AND (val#x > 0))
+
+(13) Project
+Output [1]: [key#x]
+Input [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+
+(14) HashAggregate
+Input [1]: [key#x]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [partial_max(key#x)]
+Aggregate Attributes [1]: [max#x]
+Results [1]: [max#x]
+
+(15) Exchange
+Input [1]: [max#x]
+Arguments: SinglePartition, ENSURE_REQUIREMENTS, [id=#x]
+
+(16) HashAggregate
+Input [1]: [max#x]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [max(key#x)]
+Aggregate Attributes [1]: [max(key#x)#x]
+Results [1]: [max(key#x)#x AS max(key)#x]
+
+(17) AdaptiveSparkPlan
+Output [1]: [max(key)#x]
+Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
 
 -- !query
 EXPLAIN FORMATTED
@@ -442,6 +537,101 @@ Condition : ((key#x = Subquery subquery#x, [id=#x]) OR (cast(key#x as double) =
 Output [2]: [key#x, val#x]
 Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
 
+===== Subqueries =====
+
+Subquery:1 Hosting operator id = 2 Hosting Expression = Subquery subquery#x, [id=#x]
+AdaptiveSparkPlan (10)
++- HashAggregate (9)
+   +- Exchange (8)
+      +- HashAggregate (7)
+         +- Project (6)
+            +- Filter (5)
+               +- Scan parquet default.explain_temp2 (4)
+
+
+(4) Scan parquet default.explain_temp2
+Output [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+Batched: true
+Location [not included in comparison]/{warehouse_dir}/explain_temp2]
+PushedFilters: [IsNotNull(val), GreaterThan(val,0)]
+ReadSchema: struct<key:int,val:int>
+
+(5) Filter
+Input [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+Condition : (isnotnull(val#x) AND (val#x > 0))
+
+(6) Project
+Output [1]: [key#x]
+Input [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+
+(7) HashAggregate
+Input [1]: [key#x]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [partial_max(key#x)]
+Aggregate Attributes [1]: [max#x]
+Results [1]: [max#x]
+
+(8) Exchange
+Input [1]: [max#x]
+Arguments: SinglePartition, ENSURE_REQUIREMENTS, [id=#x]
+
+(9) HashAggregate
+Input [1]: [max#x]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [max(key#x)]
+Aggregate Attributes [1]: [max(key#x)#x]
+Results [1]: [max(key#x)#x AS max(key)#x]
+
+(10) AdaptiveSparkPlan
+Output [1]: [max(key)#x]
+Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
+
+Subquery:2 Hosting operator id = 2 Hosting Expression = Subquery subquery#x, [id=#x]
+AdaptiveSparkPlan (17)
++- HashAggregate (16)
+   +- Exchange (15)
+      +- HashAggregate (14)
+         +- Project (13)
+            +- Filter (12)
+               +- Scan parquet default.explain_temp3 (11)
+
+
+(11) Scan parquet default.explain_temp3
+Output [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+Batched: true
+Location [not included in comparison]/{warehouse_dir}/explain_temp3]
+PushedFilters: [IsNotNull(val), GreaterThan(val,0)]
+ReadSchema: struct<key:int,val:int>
+
+(12) Filter
+Input [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+Condition : (isnotnull(val#x) AND (val#x > 0))
+
+(13) Project
+Output [1]: [key#x]
+Input [2]: [key#x, val#x]
+
+(14) HashAggregate
+Input [1]: [key#x]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [partial_avg(cast(key#x as bigint))]
+Aggregate Attributes [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+Results [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+
+(15) Exchange
+Input [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+Arguments: SinglePartition, ENSURE_REQUIREMENTS, [id=#x]
+
+(16) HashAggregate
+Input [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [avg(cast(key#x as bigint))]
+Aggregate Attributes [1]: [avg(cast(key#x as bigint))#x]
+Results [1]: [avg(cast(key#x as bigint))#x AS avg(key)#x]
+
+(17) AdaptiveSparkPlan
+Output [1]: [avg(key)#x]
+Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
 
 -- !query
 EXPLAIN FORMATTED
@@ -470,6 +660,79 @@ Input: []
 Output [1]: [(scalarsubquery() + scalarsubquery())#x]
 Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
 
+===== Subqueries =====
+
+Subquery:1 Hosting operator id = 2 Hosting Expression = Subquery subquery#x, [id=#x]
+AdaptiveSparkPlan (8)
++- HashAggregate (7)
+   +- Exchange (6)
+      +- HashAggregate (5)
+         +- Scan parquet default.explain_temp1 (4)
+
+
+(4) Scan parquet default.explain_temp1
+Output [1]: [key#x]
+Batched: true
+Location [not included in comparison]/{warehouse_dir}/explain_temp1]
+ReadSchema: struct<key:int>
+
+(5) HashAggregate
+Input [1]: [key#x]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [partial_avg(cast(key#x as bigint))]
+Aggregate Attributes [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+Results [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+
+(6) Exchange
+Input [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+Arguments: SinglePartition, ENSURE_REQUIREMENTS, [id=#x]
+
+(7) HashAggregate
+Input [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [avg(cast(key#x as bigint))]
+Aggregate Attributes [1]: [avg(cast(key#x as bigint))#x]
+Results [1]: [avg(cast(key#x as bigint))#x AS avg(key)#x]
+
+(8) AdaptiveSparkPlan
+Output [1]: [avg(key)#x]
+Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
+
+Subquery:2 Hosting operator id = 2 Hosting Expression = Subquery subquery#x, [id=#x]
+AdaptiveSparkPlan (13)
++- HashAggregate (12)
+   +- Exchange (11)
+      +- HashAggregate (10)
+         +- Scan parquet default.explain_temp1 (9)
+
+
+(9) Scan parquet default.explain_temp1
+Output [1]: [key#x]
+Batched: true
+Location [not included in comparison]/{warehouse_dir}/explain_temp1]
+ReadSchema: struct<key:int>
+
+(10) HashAggregate
+Input [1]: [key#x]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [partial_avg(cast(key#x as bigint))]
+Aggregate Attributes [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+Results [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+
+(11) Exchange
+Input [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+Arguments: SinglePartition, ENSURE_REQUIREMENTS, [id=#x]
+
+(12) HashAggregate
+Input [2]: [sum#x, count#xL]
+Keys: []
+Functions [1]: [avg(cast(key#x as bigint))]
+Aggregate Attributes [1]: [avg(cast(key#x as bigint))#x]
+Results [1]: [avg(cast(key#x as bigint))#x AS avg(key)#x]
+
+(13) AdaptiveSparkPlan
+Output [1]: [avg(key)#x]
+Arguments: isFinalPlan=false
 
 -- !query
 EXPLAIN FORMATTED

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/ExplainSuite.scala

@@ -277,6 +277,28 @@ class ExplainSuite extends ExplainSuiteHelper with DisableAdaptiveExecutionSuite
     }
   }
 
+  test("SPARK-33850: explain formatted - check presence of subquery in case of AQE") {
+    withTable("df1") {
+      withSQLConf(SQLConf.ADAPTIVE_EXECUTION_ENABLED.key -> "true") {
+        withTable("df1") {
+          spark.range(1, 100)
+            .write
+            .format("parquet")
+            .mode("overwrite")
+            .saveAsTable("df1")
+
+          val sqlText = "EXPLAIN FORMATTED SELECT (SELECT min(id) FROM df1) as v"
+          val expected_pattern1 =
+            "Subquery:1 Hosting operator id = 2 Hosting Expression = Subquery subquery#x"
+
+          withNormalizedExplain(sqlText) { normalizedOutput =>
+            assert(expected_pattern1.r.findAllMatchIn(normalizedOutput).length == 1)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   test("Support ExplainMode in Dataset.explain") {
     val df1 = Seq((1, 2), (2, 3)).toDF("k", "v1")
     val df2 = Seq((2, 3), (1, 1)).toDF("k", "v2")