[SPARK-20751][SQL] Add built-in SQL Function - COT

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Add built-in SQL Function - COT.

## How was this patch tested?

unit tests

Author: Yuming Wang <wgyumg@gmail.com>

Closes #17999 from wangyum/SPARK-20751.

Author: wangyum

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/FunctionRegistry.scala

@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ object FunctionRegistry {
     expression[StringToMap]("str_to_map"),
     expression[Sqrt]("sqrt"),
     expression[Tan]("tan"),
+    expression[Cot]("cot"),
     expression[Tanh]("tanh"),
 
     expression[Add]("+"),

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/mathExpressions.scala

@@ -543,6 +543,20 @@ case class Sqrt(child: Expression) extends UnaryMathExpression(math.sqrt, "SQRT"
   """)
 case class Tan(child: Expression) extends UnaryMathExpression(math.tan, "TAN")
 
+@ExpressionDescription(
+  usage = "_FUNC_(expr) - Returns the cotangent of `expr`.",
+  extended = """
+    Examples:
+      > SELECT _FUNC_(1);
+       0.6420926159343306
+  """)
+case class Cot(child: Expression)
+  extends UnaryMathExpression((x: Double) => 1 / math.tan(x), "COT") {
+  override def doGenCode(ctx: CodegenContext, ev: ExprCode): ExprCode = {
+    defineCodeGen(ctx, ev, c => s"${ev.value} = 1 / java.lang.Math.tan($c);")
+  }
+}
+
 @ExpressionDescription(
   usage = "_FUNC_(expr) - Returns the hyperbolic tangent of `expr`.",
   extended = """

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/inputs/operators.sql

@@ -53,3 +53,9 @@ explain select 2 * 4  + 3 || 'b';
 explain select 3 + 1 || 'a' || 4 / 2;
 explain select 1 == 1 OR 'a' || 'b' ==  'ab';
 explain select 'a' || 'c' == 'ac' AND 2 == 3;
+
+-- math functions
+select cot(1);
+select cot(null);
+select cot(0);
+select cot(-1);

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/operators.sql.out

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 -- Automatically generated by SQLQueryTestSuite
--- Number of queries: 34
+-- Number of queries: 38
 
 
 -- !query 0
@@ -284,3 +284,35 @@ struct<plan:string>
 == Physical Plan ==
 *Project [false AS ((concat(a, c) = ac) AND (2 = 3))#x]
 +- Scan OneRowRelation[]
+
+
+-- !query 34
+select cot(1)
+-- !query 34 schema
+struct<COT(CAST(1 AS DOUBLE)):double>
+-- !query 34 output
+0.6420926159343306
+
+
+-- !query 35
+select cot(null)
+-- !query 35 schema
+struct<COT(CAST(NULL AS DOUBLE)):double>
+-- !query 35 output
+NULL
+
+
+-- !query 36
+select cot(0)
+-- !query 36 schema
+struct<COT(CAST(0 AS DOUBLE)):double>
+-- !query 36 output
+Infinity
+
+
+-- !query 37
+select cot(-1)
+-- !query 37 schema
+struct<COT(CAST(-1 AS DOUBLE)):double>
+-- !query 37 output
+-0.6420926159343306