[SPARK-46532][CONNECT][PYTHON][FOLLOW-UP] Pass message parameters in Python Spark Connect client

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR is a followup of #44468 that addresses the additional metadata in Python Spark Connect client.

### Why are the changes needed?

For feature parity.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

Yes, when `spark.sql.connect.enrichError.enabled` is disabled, users are sill able to get the message parameters.

### How was this patch tested?

Unittest was added.

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

No.

Closes #44528 from HyukjinKwon/SPARK-46532-followup.

Authored-by: Hyukjin Kwon <gurwls223@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Hyukjin Kwon <gurwls223@apache.org>

Author: HyukjinKwon

python/pyspark/errors/exceptions/connect.py

@@ -69,6 +69,9 @@ def convert_exception(
     if "errorClass" in info.metadata:
         error_class = info.metadata["errorClass"]
 
+    if "messageParameters" in info.metadata:
+        message_parameters = json.loads(info.metadata["messageParameters"])
+
     stacktrace: Optional[str] = None
     if resp is not None and resp.HasField("root_error_idx"):
         message = resp.errors[resp.root_error_idx].message

python/pyspark/sql/tests/connect/test_connect_basic.py

@@ -3486,6 +3486,17 @@ def test_can_create_multiple_sessions_to_different_remotes(self):
             PySparkSession.builder.create()
             self.assertIn("Create a new SparkSession is only supported with SparkConnect.", str(e))
 
+    def test_get_message_parameters_without_enriched_error(self):
+        with self.sql_conf({"spark.sql.connect.enrichError.enabled": False}):
+            exception = None
+            try:
+                self.spark.sql("""SELECT a""")
+            except AnalysisException as e:
+                exception = e
+
+            self.assertIsNotNone(exception)
+            self.assertEqual(exception.getMessageParameters(), {"objectName": "`a`"})
+
 
 class SparkConnectSessionWithOptionsTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def setUp(self) -> None: