Revert "refactor(@schematics/angular): remove private /components API"

The removed APIs are needed to support `ng add @angular/material@16` with
Angular CLI v17. These APIs should be able to be safely removed with v18.

This reverts commit 6a4d733.

(cherry picked from commit 34481d0)

Author: clydin

packages/schematics/angular/package.json

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
     "./utility": "./utility/index.js",
     "./utility/*": "./utility/*.js",
     "./migrations/migration-collection.json": "./migrations/migration-collection.json",
-    "./*": "./*.js"
+    "./*": "./*.js",
+    "./private/components": "./private/components.js"
   },
   "schematics": "./collection.json",
   "dependencies": {

packages/schematics/angular/private/components.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright Google LLC All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be
+ * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license
+ */
+
+export {
+  addModuleImportToStandaloneBootstrap,
+  addFunctionalProvidersToStandaloneBootstrap,
+  callsProvidersFunction,
+  findBootstrapApplicationCall,
+  importsProvidersFrom,
+} from './standalone';