feat: add docker images with gcc as the compiler + Fix gcc paths in Fedora/Arch #1710

Job	Run time
Build (ubuntu-22.04)	1m 4s
Build-Executable-windows-2019	1m 56s
Docker-setup-cpp-ubuntu-linux/amd64	5m 55s
Build-Executable-ubuntu-20.04	32s
Test-windows-2022	12m 14s
Docker-setup-cpp-fedora-linux/amd64	5m 1s
Build-Executable-macos-13	59s
Test-windows-2019	14m 0s
Docker-setup-cpp-arch-linux/amd64	7m 13s
Build-Executable-macos-14	38s
Test-ubuntu-24.04	12m 41s
Docker-setup-cpp-ubuntu-linux/arm64	15m 55s
Test-ubuntu-22.04	17m 37s
Test-ubuntu-20.04	11m 10s
Test-macos-15	5m 29s
Test-macos-14	5m 34s
Test-macos-13	7m 26s
Release	0s
	2h 5m 24s

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