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<pre class="metadata">
Group: WHATWG
H1: Compatibility
Shortname: compat
Text Macro: TWITTER compatstandard
Text Macro: LATESTRD 2022-06
Abstract: This standard describes a collection of web platform features that web browsers need to support for compatibility with the de facto web.
Translation: ja https://triple-underscore.github.io/compat-ja.html
Indent: 2
Markup Shorthands: dfn yes
</pre>
<pre class="anchors">
urlPrefix: https://w3c.github.io/screen-orientation/;
type: interface
text: ScreenOrientation; url: #screenorientation-interface
type: dfn
text: update the orientation information; url: #dfn-update-the-orientation-information
urlPrefix: https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS/; spec: CSS2
type: dfn
text: vendor prefix; url: #vendor-prefix
urlPrefix: https://drafts.csswg.org/mediaqueries-4/; spec: mediaqueries-4
type: dfn
text: media query; url: #media-query
text: media feature; url: #media-feature
text: resolution; url: #descdef-media-resolution
text: min-resolution; url: #descdef-media-resolution
text: max-resolution; url: #descdef-media-resolution
text: prefixes on range features; url: #mq-min-max
urlPrefix: https://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-css3-images-20110217/; spec: css3-images-20110217
type: dfn
text: linear-gradient; url: #ltlinear-gradient
text: radial-gradient; url: #ltradial-gradient
text: repeating-linear-gradient; url: #ltrepeating-linear-gradient
text: repeating-radial-gradient; url: #ltrepeating-radial-gradient
urlPrefix: https://drafts.csswg.org/css-backgrounds-4/
type: dfn
text: background-clip; url: #propdef-background-clip
urlPrefix: https://drafts.csswg.org/css-transitions/
type: dfn
text: color; url: #animtype-color
urlPrefix: https://drafts.fxtf.org/css-masking-1/
type: dfn
text: clipping path; url: #clipping-path
urlPrefix: https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-3/
type: dfn
text: dppx; url: #dppx
</pre>
<pre class="biblio">
{
"HTTP-SEMANTICS": {
"href": "https://httpwg.org/http-core/draft-ietf-httpbis-semantics-latest.html",
"title": "HTTP Semantics",
"authors": [ "R. Fielding", "M. Nottingham", "J. Reschke" ]
}
}
</pre>
<pre class=link-defaults>
spec:css-display-3; type:value; for:display; text:flex
spec:css-flexbox-1; type:value; text:inline-flex
spec:filter-effects-1; type:property; text:filter
spec:css-conditional-3; type:at-rule; text:@media
spec:infra; type:dfn; text:user agent
spec:svg2; type:dfn; text:fill
</pre>
<!-- Commented out until we know what the heck to put here:
<h2 id='goals'>Goals</h2> -->
<h2 id='introduction'>Introduction</h2>
<em>This section is non-normative.</em>
There exists an increasingly large corpus of web content that depends on web browsers supporting a
number of specific vendor CSS properties and DOM APIs for functionality or layout.
This holds especially true for mobile-optimized web content, which is highly dependent on
<code>-webkit-</code>-prefixed properties.
This specification aims to describe the minimal set of <code>-webkit-</code>-prefixed CSS properties
and DOM APIs that user agents are required to support for web compatibility, which aren't
specified elsewhere.
The HTTP <code>User-Agent</code> header field as found in major browsers today is also described.
<h2 id='conformance'>Conformance</h2>
All diagrams, examples, and notes in this specification are
non-normative, as are all sections explicitly marked non-normative.
Everything else in this specification is normative.
The keywords "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
For readability, these words do not appear in all uppercase letters in this
specification. [[!RFC2119]]
Requirements phrased in the imperative as part of algorithms
(such as "strip any leading space characters" or "return false and
terminate these steps") are to be interpreted with the meaning of the
keyword ("must", "should", "may", etc.) used in introducing the
algorithm.
Conformance requirements phrased as algorithms or specific steps
may be implemented in any manner, so long as the end result is
equivalent. (In particular, the algorithms defined in this
specification are intended to be easy to follow, and not intended to
be performant.)
<h2 id="css-compat-section">CSS Compatibility</h2>
<h3 id="css-at-rules">CSS At-rules</h3>
The following <code>-webkit-</code> <a>vendor prefixed</a> [=at-rules=] must be supported as aliases
of the corresponding unprefixed [=at-rules=]:
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><code>-webkit-</code> prefixed at-rule alias</th>
<th>unprefixed at-rule</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn at-rule>@-webkit-keyframes</dfn></code></td>
<td><code><a>@keyframes</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="css-media-queries">CSS Media Queries</h3>
<h4 id="css-media-queries-webkit-device-pixel-ratio">
<code>'@media/-webkit-device-pixel-ratio'</code>
</h4>
<pre class='descdef mq'>
Name: '@media/-webkit-device-pixel-ratio'
Value: <<number>>
For: @media
Type: range
</pre>
<code>'@media/-webkit-device-pixel-ratio'</code> must be treated as an alias of the
<code><a>resolution</a></code> range type <a>media feature</a>, with its value interpreted as a
<a>dppx</a> unit.
The <code>min-</code> or <code>max-</code> <a>prefixes on range features</a> must not apply to
<code>'@media/-webkit-device-pixel-ratio'</code>, instead the following aliases must be used:
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>legacy <code>-webkit-</code> prefixed range <a>media feature</a> alias</th>
<th>standard prefixed range <a>media feature</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn descriptor for="@media">-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio</dfn></code></td>
<td><code><a>min-resolution</a></code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn descriptor for="@media">-webkit-max-device-pixel-ratio</dfn></code></td>
<td><code><a>max-resolution</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="css-media-queries-webkit-transform-3d">
<code>'@media/-webkit-transform-3d'</code>
</h4>
<pre class='descdef mq'>
Name: '@media/-webkit-transform-3d'
Value: <<mq-boolean>>
For: @media
Accepts min/max prefixes: no
</pre>
The <code>'@media/-webkit-transform-3d'</code> <a>media feature</a> is used to query whether the
user agent supports CSS 3D transforms. [[css-transforms-1]]
If the user agent supports 3D transforms, the value will be 1. Otherwise the value is 0.
<h3 id="css-gradient-fns">CSS Gradient Functions</h3>
<!-- Uncomment if we ever add -webkit-gradient()
Both the [[css3-images-20110217]] draft <code>-webkit-</code> prefixed <<image>> gradient functions
and the 2008 <code>-webkit-gradient()</code> (<a href="https://webkit.org/blog/175/introducing-css-gradients/">blog post</a>, <a href="https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/InternetWeb/Conceptual/SafariVisualEffectsProgGuide/Gradients/Gradient.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40008032-CH10-SW34">Safari developer documentation</a>) must be supported for compatibility.
-->
<h4 id="css-gradients-webkit-linear-gradient">
<code>''-webkit-linear-gradient()''</code>
</h4>
The <code><dfn export>-webkit-linear-gradient()</dfn></code> [=gradient function=] must be treated
as an alias of <a>linear-gradient</a> as defined in [[css3-images-20110217]].
<h4 id="css-gradients-webkit-radial-gradient">
<code>''-webkit-radial-gradient()''</code>
</h4>
The <code><dfn export>-webkit-radial-gradient()</dfn></code> [=gradient function=] must be treated
as an alias of <a>radial-gradient</a> as defined in [[css3-images-20110217]].
<h4 id="css-gradients-repeating-webkit-linear-gradient">
<code>''-webkit-repeating-linear-gradient()''</code>
</h4>
The <code><dfn export>-webkit-repeating-linear-gradient()</dfn></code> [=gradient function=] must be
treated as an alias of <a>repeating-linear-gradient</a> as defined in [[css3-images-20110217]].
<h4 id="css-gradients-repeating-webkit-radial-gradient">
<code>''-webkit-repeating-radial-gradient()''</code>
</h4>
The <code><dfn export>-webkit-repeating-radial-gradient()</dfn></code> [=gradient function=] must be
treated as an alias of <a>repeating-radial-gradient</a> as defined in [[css3-images-20110217]].
<!--
<h4 id="css-gradients-webkit-gradient">
<code>-webkit-gradient()</code>
</h4>
<div class="XXX">TODO</div> -->
<h3 id="css-properties">CSS Properties</h3>
<h4 id="css-simple-aliases">Legacy name aliases</h4>
The following <code>-webkit-</code> <a>vendor prefixed</a> properties must be supported as
<a lt="legacy name alias">legacy name aliases</a> of the corresponding unprefixed property:
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><code>-webkit-</code> prefixed property alias</th>
<th>unprefixed property</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-align-items</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'align-items'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-align-content</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'align-content'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-align-self</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'align-self'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-animation-name</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'animation-name'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-animation-duration</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'animation-duration'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-animation-timing-function</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'animation-timing-function'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-animation-iteration-count</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'animation-iteration-count'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-animation-direction</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'animation-direction'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-animation-play-state</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'animation-play-state'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-animation-delay</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'animation-delay'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-animation-fill-mode</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'animation-fill-mode'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-animation</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'animation'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-backface-visibility</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'backface-visibility'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-background-clip</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'background-clip'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-background-origin</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'background-origin'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<code><dfn property>-webkit-background-size</dfn></code>
<p class="XXX">
Not really a [=legacy name alias=]. See
<a href="https://github.com/whatwg/compat/issues/28">issue #28</a>.
</p>
</td>
<td><code>'background-size'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-border-bottom-left-radius</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'border-bottom-left-radius'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-border-bottom-right-radius</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'border-bottom-right-radius'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-border-top-left-radius</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'border-top-left-radius'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-border-top-right-radius</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'border-top-right-radius'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-border-radius</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'border-radius'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-box-shadow</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'box-shadow'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-box-sizing</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'box-sizing'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property id="propdef--webkit-flex-propdef">-webkit-flex</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'flex'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-flex-basis</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'flex-basis'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-flex-direction</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'flex-direction'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-flex-flow</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'flex-flow'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-flex-grow</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'flex-grow'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-flex-shrink</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'flex-shrink'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-flex-wrap</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'flex-wrap'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-filter</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'filter'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-justify-content</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'justify-content'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-box-image</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-border'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-box-image-outset</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-border-outset'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-box-image-repeat</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-border-repeat'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-box-image-slice</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-border-slice'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-box-image-source</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-border-source'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-box-image-width</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-border-width'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-clip</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-clip'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-composite</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-composite'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-image</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-image'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-origin</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-origin'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-position</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-position'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-repeat</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-repeat'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-mask-size</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'mask-size'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-order</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'order'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-perspective</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'perspective'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-perspective-origin</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'perspective-origin'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-transform-origin</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'transform-origin'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-transform-style</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'transform-style'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-transform</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'transform'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-transition-delay</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'transition-delay'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-transition-duration</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'transition-duration'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-transition-property</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'transition-property'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-transition-timing-function</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'transition-timing-function'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-transition</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'transition'</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="css-prefixed-aliases">Prefixed legacy name aliases</h4>
The following <code>-webkit-</code> <a>vendor prefixed</a> properties must be supported as
<a lt="legacy name alias">legacy name aliases</a> of the corresponding unprefixed properties. If the
user agent does not ship the unprefixed equivalent, the <code>-webkit-</code> prefixed property must
be treated as an alias of the user agent's own vendor prefixed property.
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><code>-webkit-</code> prefixed property alias</th>
<th>(vendor prefixed) property</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-text-size-adjust</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>(-prefix-)'text-size-adjust'</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="example" id="-moz-text-size-adjust-example">
For example, <code>-webkit-text-size-adjust</code> is
<a href="https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/rev/7d379061bd56251df911728686c378c5820513d8/devtools/shared/css/generated/properties-db.js#2450-2453">
treated as an alias</a> of <code>-moz-text-size-adjust</code> in Firefox.
</div>
Note: As soon as each property is unprefixable it can be defined as a [=legacy name alias=].
<h4 id="css-non-aliased">Non-aliased vendor prefixed properties</h4>
Note: This section used to specify the '-webkit-appearance' property.
This is now defined in
<a href="https://drafts.csswg.org/css-ui/#appearance-switching">CSS Basic User Interface Module</a>.
<h4 id="css-property-mappings">Property mappings</h4>
The following <code>-webkit-</code> <a>vendor prefixed</a> properties must be supported as mappings
to the corresponding unprefixed property:
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><code>-webkit-</code> prefixed property</th>
<th>unprefixed property</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-box-align</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'align-items'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-box-flex</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'flex-grow'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-box-ordinal-group</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'order'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-box-orient</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'flex-direction'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn property>-webkit-box-pack</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>'justify-content'</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Issue(87): These definitions of <code>-webkit-box-*</code> are known to not be web compatible.
<h4 id="css-keyword-mappings">Keyword mappings</h4>
The following <code>-webkit-</code> <a>vendor prefixed</a> keywords must be supported as mappings to
the corresponding unprefixed keyword:
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><code>-webkit-</code> prefixed keyword</th>
<th>unprefixed property keyword</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody dfn-for="flex">
<tr>
<td><code><dfn value>-webkit-box</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>''flex''</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn value id="valdef-flex--webkit-flex-valdef">-webkit-flex</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>''flex''</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn value>-webkit-inline-box</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>''inline-flex''</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><dfn value>-webkit-inline-flex</dfn></code></td>
<td><code>''inline-flex''</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Issue(87): These definitions of <code>-webkit-box-*</code> are known to not be web compatible.
<h4 id="text-fill-and-stroking">Text Fill and Stroking</h4>
<h5 id="the-webkit-text-fill-color">Foreground Text Color: the <code>
'-webkit-text-fill-color'</code> property</h5>
<pre class='propdef'>
Name: -webkit-text-fill-color
Value: <<color>>
Initial: ''currentcolor''
Applies to: all elements
Inherited: yes
Computed value: an RGBA color
Percentages: N/A
Media: visual
Animation type: as <a>color</a>
</pre>
The '-webkit-text-fill-color' property defines the foreground [=fill=] color of an element's text
content.
<div class="example" id="example-webkit-text-fill-color">
Here's an example showing <code>'-webkit-text-fill-color'</code> will always determine the
foreground fill color of an element's text.
<pre class="lang-css">
.one {
color: blue;
/* the following can be omitted because it's the initial value:
-webkit-text-fill-color: currentcolor; */
}
.two {
color: red;
-webkit-text-fill-color: blue;
}
</pre>
Elements with the <code>one</code> or <code>two</code> classes will have blue text.
</div>
<h5 id="the-webkit-text-stroke-color">Text Stroke Color: the <code>
'-webkit-text-stroke-color'</code> property</h5>
<pre class='propdef'>
Name: -webkit-text-stroke-color
Value: <<color>>
Initial: ''currentcolor''
Applies to: all elements
Inherited: yes
Computed value: an RGBA color
Percentages: N/A
Media: visual
Animation type: as <a>color</a>
</pre>
The '-webkit-text-stroke-color' property specifies a [=stroke=] color for an element's text.
<h5 id="the-webkit-text-stroke-width">Text Stroke Thickness: the <code>
'-webkit-text-stroke-width'</code> property</h5>
<pre class='propdef'>
Name: -webkit-text-stroke-width
Value: <<line-width>>
Initial: 0
Applies to: all elements
Inherited: yes
Computed value: absolute length
Percentages: N/A
Media: visual
Animation type: discrete
</pre>
The '-webkit-text-stroke-width' property specifies the width of the [=stroke=] drawn at the edge of
each glyph of an element's text. A zero value results in no [=stroke=] being painted. A negative
value is [=invalid=].
<h5 id="the-webkit-text-stroke">Text Stroke Shorthand: the <code>
'-webkit-text-stroke'</code> property</h5>
<pre class='propdef'>
Name: -webkit-text-stroke
Value: <<line-width>> || <<color>>
Initial: See individual properties
Applies to: See individual properties
Inherited: yes
Computed value: See individual properties
Percentages: N/A
Media: visual
Animation type: See individual properties
</pre>
The '-webkit-text-stroke' property is a shorthand property for setting the [=stroke=] width and
[=stroke=] color of an element's text.
<div class="example" id="example-webkit-text-stroke">
Here are two examples showing how to use the longhand and shorthand
<code>'-webkit-text-stroke'</code> properties to achieve white text with a black stroked text
effect.
<pre class="lang-css">
.stroked-text-longhand {
color: #fff;
-webkit-text-stroke-color: #000;
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 1px;
}
.stroked-text-shorthand {
-webkit-text-fill-color: #fff;
-webkit-text-stroke: thin #000;
}
</pre>
The element <pre><p class="stroked-text-longhand">Serious typography</p></pre> would be
rendered as follows:
<img width="381" height="116" src="stroked-text.png" alt="image of stroked text">
</div>
<h3 id="css-property-values">CSS Property values</h3>
<h4 id="touch-action">Additional <code>touch-action</code> values</h4>
This section augments the <a href="https://w3c.github.io/pointerevents/#the-touch-action-css-property">
definition of <code>touch-action</code></a> from [[!pointerevents2]] to
<a href="https://github.com/whatwg/compat/issues/68">add</a> the <code>pinch-zoom</code> value.
<pre class='propdef'>
Name: touch-action
Value: auto | none | [ [ pan-x | pan-left | pan-right ] || [ pan-y | pan-up | pan-down ] || pinch-zoom ] | manipulation
Initial: auto
Applies to: all elements except: non-replaced inline elements, table rows, row groups, table columns, and column groups.
Inherited: no
Computed value: Same as specified value
Percentages: N/A
Media: visual
Animation type: not animatable
</pre>
When specified, the <code>pinch-zoom</code> token enables multi-finger panning and zooming of the
page. For zooming to occur, all fingers must start on an element that has the pinch-zoom behavior
enabled (via one of the <code>pinch-zoom</code>, <code>manipulation</code>, or <code>auto</code>
values on itself or an ancestor).
<div class="note">Scenarios like image carousels which wish to disable only horizontal panning can
use "<code>touch-action: pan-y pinch-zoom</code>"
to avoid disabling zooming unnecessarily.</div>
<code>manipulation</code> is an alias for "<code>pan-x pan-y pinch-zoom</code>".
<h2 id="dom-compat-section">DOM Compatibility</h2>
<h3 id="webkitcssmatrix-interface">The WebKitCSSMatrix interface</h3>
Note: {{WebKitCSSMatrix}} is now defined by the DOM Geometry specification. [[!geometry-1]].
<h3 id="windoworientation-interface">
<a attribute lt="orientation"><code>window.orientation</code></a> API
</h3>
<pre class="idl">
partial interface Window {
readonly attribute short orientation;
attribute EventHandler onorientationchange;
};
partial interface HTMLBodyElement {
attribute EventHandler onorientationchange;
};
</pre>
When getting the <dfn attribute for="Window">orientation</dfn> attribute, the user agent must run
the following steps:
1. Let <var>document</var> be [=this=]'s [=relevant global object=]'s [=associated Document=].
1. Return <var>document</var>'s current <a href="#dfn-window-orientation-angle"><code>window.orientation</code> angle</a>.
Whenever the viewport is drawn at a different angle compared to the device's natural orientation,
the user agent must run the following steps:
1. <a lt="fire an event">Fire an event</a> named
<code><dfn id="event-orientationchange" lt="orientationchange">orientationchange</dfn></code> at the
{{Window}} object of the <a>active document</a>.
User agents implementing the <a attribute lt="orientation"><code>window.orientation</code></a>
attribute and its associated <a>orientationchange</a> event must not expose them on non-Mobile
platforms.
<div class="note">iOS Safari also fires an <code>orientationchange</code> event on the
<code><{body}></code> element, but other implementations do not, suggesting it's not necessary for
compatibility with the web.</div>
<h4 id="dfn-window-orientation-angle">
<a attribute lt="orientation"><code>window.orientation</code></a> angle
</h4>
The possible values for the <a attribute lt="orientation"><code>window.orientation</code></a> angle
are: <code>-90</code>, <code>0</code>, <code>90</code>, <code>180</code>. User agents must support
the <code>-90</code>, <code>0</code> and <code>90</code> values and may optionally support
<code>180</code>.
<p class="note">
<code>0</code> represents the natural orientation. <code>-90</code> represents a
rotation 90 degrees clockwise from the natural orientation. <code>90</code> represents a rotation
90 degrees counterclockwise from the natural orientation. <code>180</code> represents a rotation
180 degrees from the natural orientation.
</p>
In order to determine the current <a attribute lt="orientation"><code>window.orientation</code></a>
angle, the user agent must run the following steps:
<ol>
<li>Return the result of step 3 of the {{ScreenOrientation}}'s
<a>update the orientation information</a> algorithm with the following changes:
<ol>
<li>If the orientation angle is less than or equal to 180, return the orientation angle
<li>If the orientation angle is greater than 180, return the orientation angle - 360.
<li>If the resulting orientation angle is 180 and the user agent does not support that value,
return 0.
<!-- This is what Windows phone, some iPhones running various iOSes, and Chrome Mobile do on
some of my test Androids. It's possible something else happens! -->
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="event-handlers">Event Handlers on {{Window}} objects and <code><{body}></code> elements</h4>
The following are the event handlers and their corresponding event handler event types that must be
supported on all {{Window}} objects and <code><{body}></code> elements as attributes:
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><a>event handler</a></th>
<th><a>event handler event type</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<code>{{Window/onorientationchange}}</code>
</td>
<td>
<code><a lt="orientationchange">orientationchange</a></code>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="XXX">
WebKit also has this on
<a href="https://github.com/WebKit/webkit/blob/e455672f9e6861ced85d8be01cb7bc03a30a0555/LayoutTests/fast/dom/event-handler-attributes.html#L335">HTMLFrameSetElement</a>.
It's unclear if this is needed for compatibility.
</div>
<h2 id="ua-string-section">The User-Agent String</h2>
The <code>User-Agent</code> header field syntax is formally defined by [[!HTTP-SEMANTICS]] and
provides SHOULD-level guidance on its value. This section serves as a descriptive record of the
<code>User-Agent</code> patterns found in the so-called major web browsers, but much of it will
apply to other browsers with a shared heritage (i.e., forks and embedders) as well as any
<a>user agent</a> in the more general sense that send a <code>User-Agent</code> <a>header</a>.
<h3 id="ua-string-patterns">User-Agent Tokens</h3>
A User-Agent <dfn>token</dfn> is a string that represents an abstraction over a semantic unit in the
<code>User-Agent</code> string. This document formalizes a <a>token</a> as a <a>string</a> that
begins with an opening bracket "<" and ends with a closing ">" bracket, e.g.,
<code><version></code>. A <a>token</a> may also contain other <a>tokens</a>.
A User-Agent <dfn>constant</dfn> is a <a>string</a> whose value does not change.
When a <a>token</a>'s value is made up from other <a>tokens</a>, and optionally <a>constants</a>, it
is said to <dfn>decompose</dfn> to those <a>tokens</a> and <a>constants</a>.
<h4 id="ua-string-token-reference">User-Agent Token Reference</h4>
This is a non-exhaustive list of common User-Agent <a>tokens</a>.
<table>
<thead>
<th>Tokens</th>
<th>Description</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code><<dfn>deviceCompat</dfn>></code></td>
<td>Represents the form-factor of the device. Primarily this is "<code>Mobile </code>", or
just the empty string, for Desktop or non-mobile devices. Some browsers have also sent token
values such as "<code>Tablet</code>", "<code>TV</code>", "<code>Mobile VR</code>", etc., or
included build information as well.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><<dfn>majorVersion</dfn>></code></td>
<td>Represents the browser's major version number.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><<dfn>minorVersion</dfn>></code></td>
<td>Represents the browser's non-major version numbers.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><<dfn>oscpu</dfn>></code></td>
<td>Represents the device operating system and (optionally) CPU architecture.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><<dfn>platform</dfn>></code></td>
<td>Represents the underlying device platform.
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!-- maybe add a table with the interesting frozen constants -->
<h3 id="ua-string-meta-structure">Meta Structure</h3>
The User-Agent strings that follow share the common meta structure:
"<code>Mozilla/5.0</code> (<code>a</code>) <code>b</code>"
Where <code>a</code> is one or more [=tokens=] representing device information and <code>b</code> is
one or more [=tokens=] representing browser information.
<h3 id="ua-string-chrome">Chrome</h3>
<h4 id="ua-string-pattern-chrome">Chrome User-Agent pattern</h4>
"<code>Mozilla/5.0 (<<a>chromePlatform</a>>)
AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/<<a>majorVersion</a>>.0.0.0
<<a for="/">deviceCompat</a>>Safari/537.36</code>"
<div class="example" id="chrome-ua-examples">
<strong>Desktop</strong>: "<code>Mozilla/5.0 (<mark>Macintosh</mark>;
<mark>Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7</mark>) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)
Chrome/<mark>102</mark>.0.0.0 Safari/537.36</code>"
<strong>Mobile</strong>: "<code>Mozilla/5.0 (<mark>Linux</mark>; Android <mark>11</mark>;
<mark>Pixel 4a (5G)</mark>) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/<mark>102</mark>.0.0.0
<mark>Mobile</mark>
Safari/537.36</code>"
</div>
<h4 id="ua-string-tokens-chrome">Chrome-specific tokens</h4>
<code><<dfn>chromePlatform</dfn>></code> <a>decomposes</a> to the following:
On desktop platforms, "<code><<a>platform</a>>; <<a>oscpu</a>></code>".
On Chrome for Android, "<code><<a>platform</a>>; Android <<a for=chrome>androidVersion</a>>;
<<a>deviceModel</a>></code>".
<table>
<thead>
<th>Tokens</th>
<th>Description</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code><<dfn for=chrome>androidVersion</dfn>></code></td>
<td>Represents the Android version, e.g., <code>"11"</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><<dfn for=chrome>deviceModel</dfn>></code></td>
<td>Represents an Android device model, e.g., "<code>SM-A205U</code>".</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="ua-string-firefox">Firefox</h3>
<h4 id="ua-string-pattern-firefox">Firefox User-Agent pattern</h4>
"<code>Mozilla/5.0 (<<a>firefoxPlatform</a>>; rv: <<a>firefoxVersion</a>>) Gecko/<<a>geckoVersion</a>>
Firefox/<<a>firefoxVersion</a>></code>"
<div class="example" id="firefox-ua-examples">
<strong>Desktop</strong>: "<code>Mozilla/5.0 (<mark>Windows NT 10.0</mark>;
<mark>Win64; x64;</mark> rv:<mark>100</mark>.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/<mark>100</mark>.0</code>"
<strong>Mobile</strong>: "<code>Mozilla/5.0 (<mark>Android 10</mark>; <mark>Mobile;</mark>
rv:<mark>100</mark>.0) Gecko/<mark>100</mark>.0 Firefox/<mark>100</mark>.0</code>"
</div>
<h4 id="ua-string-tokens-firefox">Firefox-specific tokens</h4>
<code><<dfn>firefoxVersion</dfn>></code> <a>decomposes</a> to the following:
"<code><<a>majorVersion</a>>.0</code>"
In Firefox on desktop platforms (Windows, macOS, Linux, etc.),
<code><<dfn>geckoVersion</dfn>></code> is the frozen build
date "<code>20100101</code>". In Firefox for Android, <code><<a>geckoVersion</a>></code> is the
same value as <code><<a>firefoxVersion</a>></code>.
<code><<dfn>firefoxPlatform</dfn>></code> <a>decomposes</a> to the following:
On desktop platforms, "<code><<a>platform</a>>; <<a>oscpu</a>></code>".
On Firefox for Android, "<code><<a>platform</a>>; <<a for=firefox>deviceCompat</a>></code>".
<table>
<thead>
<th>Tokens</th>
<th>Description</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><!-- TODO: consider documenting VR patterns -->
<td><code><<dfn for=firefox>deviceCompat</dfn>></code></td>
<td>The string "<code>Mobile</code>", without any leading or trailing spaces.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="ua-string-safari">Safari</h3>
<h4 id="ua-string-pattern-safari">Safari User-Agent pattern</h4>