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<h1 id="purr-data-copyright-and-terms-of-use">Purr-Data Copyright and
Terms of Use</h1>
<p>Pd, as well as this compilation of Pd-related software known as
Purr-Data a.k.a. Pd-l2ork 2.x, is copyrighted software by various
authors, but it is distributed as open-source software, which means that
it can be used freely and without any costs under the appropriate
license terms, as detailed below.</p>
<p>THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS “AS IS” AND ANY EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.</p>
<h2 id="pd-license">Pd License</h2>
<p>Copyright (c) by Miller S. Puckette and others</p>
<p>Pd (the core system including the main program and the built-in
objects, i.e., everything that lives in the pd subdirectory of the
sources) is licensed under a 3-clause BSD license, please check the <a
href="pd/LICENSE.txt">LICENSE.txt</a> file for details.</p>
<h2 id="bundled-software">Bundled Software</h2>
<p>Copyright (c) by various authors, please see the included license
files for details</p>
<p>Purr-Data includes a large number of bundled abstractions and
externals by various authors. These can be found in the abstractions,
externals and Gem subdirectories in the source, and in the extra
subdirectory of the Purr-Data library directory of the installed
application. Each of these items has its own open-source license under
which it is distributed (mostly different variations of the BSD license
or the GPL), so please check the corresponding license files in the
source or the extra directory of the installed package for license
information pertaining to each of the different software modules.</p>
<h2 id="purr-data-license">Purr-Data License</h2>
<p>Copyright (c) by Hans-Christoph Steiner, Ico Bukvic, Jonathan Wilkes
and others</p>
<p>Purr-Data (by Jonathan Wilkes) is based on Pd-l2ork (by Ico Bukvic)
which in turn is based on Pd-extended (by Hans-Christoph Steiner), which
is licensed under the GPL (GNU Public License) version 3, replicated
below. Please note that this license applies to all parts of this
package which are <em>not</em> accompanied by their own license
conditions (such as the Pd core and the bundled software, as detailed
above).</p>
<h1 id="gnu-general-public-license">GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE</h1>
<p>Version 3, 29 June 2007</p>
<p>Copyright (C) 2007 <a href="http://fsf.org/">Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</a></p>
<p>Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
license document, but changing it is not allowed.</p>
<h2 id="preamble">Preamble</h2>
<p>The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
software and other kinds of works.</p>
<p>The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
share and change all versions of a program–to make sure it remains free
software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
your programs, too.</p>
<p>When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
free programs, and that you know you can do these things.</p>
<p>To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have
certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.</p>
<p>For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
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<p>Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two
steps:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>assert copyright on the software, and</li>
<li>offer you this License giving you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify it.</li>
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<p>For the developers’ and authors’ protection, the GPL clearly explains
that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users’ and
authors’ sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
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<p>Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
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<p>Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
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<p>The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.</p>
<h2 id="terms-and-conditions">TERMS AND CONDITIONS</h2>
<h3 id="definitions.">0. Definitions.</h3>
<p><em>This License</em> refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public
License.</p>
<p><em>Copyright</em> also means copyright-like laws that apply to other
kinds of works, such as semiconductor masks.</p>
<p><em>The Program</em> refers to any copyrightable work licensed under
this License. Each licensee is addressed as <em>you</em>.
<em>Licensees</em> and <em>recipients</em> may be individuals or
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<p>To <em>modify</em> a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of
the work in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the
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version</em> of the earlier work or a work <em>based on</em> the earlier
work.</p>
<p>A <em>covered work</em> means either the unmodified Program or a work
based on the Program.</p>
<p>To <em>propagate</em> a work means to do anything with it that,
without permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a
computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying,
distribution (with or without modification), making available to the
public, and in some countries other activities as well.</p>
<p>To <em>convey</em> a work means any kind of propagation that enables
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<p>An interactive user interface displays <em>Appropriate Legal
Notices</em> to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently
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<h3 id="source-code.">1. Source Code.</h3>
<p>The <em>source code</em> for a work means the preferred form of the
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<p>The <em>System Libraries</em> of an executable work include anything,
other than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form
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<h3 id="basic-permissions.">2. Basic Permissions.</h3>
<p>All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
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<p>You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not convey,
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You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose of having
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<p>Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under the
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<h3 id="protecting-users-legal-rights-from-anti-circumvention-law.">3.
Protecting Users’ Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.</h3>
<p>No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article 11
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<h3 id="conveying-verbatim-copies.">4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.</h3>
<p>You may convey verbatim copies of the Program’s source code as you
receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice; keep
intact all notices stating that this License and any non-permissive
terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code; keep intact all
notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all recipients a copy
of this License along with the Program.</p>
<p>You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.</p>
<h3 id="conveying-modified-source-versions.">5. Conveying Modified
Source Versions.</h3>
<p>You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the terms
of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:</p>
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<li><ol type="a">
<li>The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it,
and giving a relevant date.</li>
</ol></li>
<li><ol start="2" type="a">
<li>The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released
under this License and any conditions added under section 7. This
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</ol></li>
<li><ol start="3" type="a">
<li>You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to
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<li><ol start="4" type="a">
<li>If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
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<p>A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
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on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an
<em>aggregate</em> if the compilation and its resulting copyright are
not used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation’s users
beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work in
an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other parts of
the aggregate.</p>
<h3 id="conveying-non-source-forms.">6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.</h3>
<p>You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of
sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the machine-readable
Corresponding Source under the terms of this License, in one of these
ways:</p>
<ul>
<li><ol type="a">
<li>Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
(including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the
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</ol></li>
<li><ol start="2" type="a">
<li>Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
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</ol>
<ol type="1">
<li>a copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the
product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical medium
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<li><ol start="4" type="a">
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Regardless of what server hosts the Corresponding Source, you remain
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</ol></li>
<li><ol start="5" type="a">
<li>Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you
inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding Source of the
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</ol></li>
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<p>A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded
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<ol type="1">
<li>a <em>consumer product</em>, which means any tangible personal
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<p><em>Installation Information</em> for a User Product means any
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installed in ROM).</p>
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<h3 id="additional-terms.">7. Additional Terms.</h3>
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be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
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apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
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<li><ol start="2" type="a">
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</ol></li>
<li><ol start="3" type="a">
<li>Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
reasonable ways as different from the original version; or</li>
</ol></li>
<li><ol start="4" type="a">
<li>Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
authors of the material; or</li>
</ol></li>
<li><ol start="5" type="a">
<li>Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some trade
names, trademarks, or service marks; or</li>
</ol></li>
<li><ol start="6" type="a">
<li>Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that material
by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of it) with
contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for any liability
that these contractual assumptions directly impose on those licensors
and authors.</li>
</ol></li>
</ul>
<p>All other non-permissive additional terms are considered <em>further
restrictions</em> within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as
you received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
governed by this License along with a term that is a further
restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains a
further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this
License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms of
that license document, provided that the further restriction does not
survive such relicensing or conveying.</p>
<p>If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you
must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the additional
terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating where to find
the applicable terms.</p>
<p>Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions; the above
requirements apply either way.</p>
<h3 id="termination.">8. Termination.</h3>
<p>You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
paragraph of section 11).</p>
<p>However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated</p>
<ul>
<li><ol type="a">
<li>provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and
finally terminates your license, and</li>
</ol></li>
<li><ol start="2" type="a">
<li>permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the
violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the
cessation.</li>
</ol></li>
</ul>
<p>Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your
receipt of the notice.</p>
<p>Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
material under section 10.</p>
<h3 id="acceptance-not-required-for-having-copies.">9. Acceptance Not
Required for Having Copies.</h3>
<p>You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission to
receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However, nothing
other than this License grants you permission to propagate or modify any
covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do not accept this
License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a covered work, you
indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.</p>
<h3 id="automatic-licensing-of-downstream-recipients.">10. Automatic
Licensing of Downstream Recipients.</h3>
<p>Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.</p>
<p>An <em>entity transaction</em> is a transaction transferring control
of an organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing
an organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
work results from an entity transaction, each party to that transaction
who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever licenses to the
work the party’s predecessor in interest had or could give under the
previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the Corresponding
Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if the predecessor
has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.</p>
<p>You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may not
impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of rights
granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
(including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that any
patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for sale,
or importing the Program or any portion of it.</p>
<h3 id="patents.">11. Patents.</h3>
<p>A <em>contributor</em> is a copyright holder who authorizes use under
this License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
work thus licensed is called the contributor’s <em>contributor
version</em>.</p>
<p>A contributor’s <em>essential patent claims</em> are all patent
claims owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired
or hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a consequence
of further modification of the contributor version. For purposes of this
definition, <em>control</em> includes the right to grant patent
sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of this
License.</p>
<p>Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
patent license under the contributor’s essential patent claims, to make,
use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
propagate the contents of its contributor version.</p>
<p>In the following three paragraphs, a <em>patent license</em> is any
express agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a
patent (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant
not to sue for patent infringement). To <em>grant</em> such a patent
license to a party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to
enforce a patent against the party.</p>
<p>If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone to
copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
then you must either</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>cause the Corresponding Source to be so available, or</li>
<li>arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the patent license for
this particular work, or</li>
<li>arrange, in a manner consistent with the requirements of this
License, to extend the patent license to downstream recipients.</li>
</ol>
<p><em>Knowingly relying</em> means you have actual knowledge that, but
for the patent license, your conveying the covered work in a country, or
your recipient’s use of the covered work in a country, would infringe
one or more identifiable patents in that country that you have reason to
believe are valid.</p>
<p>If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify or
convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license you
grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered work
and works based on it.</p>
<p>A patent license is <em>discriminatory</em> if it does not include
within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in
the business of distributing software, under which you make payment to
the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the
work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties who
would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent
license</p>
<ul>
<li><ol type="a">
<li>in connection with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or
copies made from those copies), or</li>
</ol></li>
<li><ol start="2" type="a">
<li>primarily for and in connection with specific products or
compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that
arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March
2007.</li>
</ol></li>
</ul>
<p>Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may otherwise
be available to you under applicable patent law.</p>
<h3 id="no-surrender-of-others-freedom.">12. No Surrender of Others’
Freedom.</h3>
<p>If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement
or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do
not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey
a covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under
this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence
you may not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that
obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to
whom you convey the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those
terms and this License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the
Program.</p>
<h3 id="use-with-the-gnu-affero-general-public-license.">13. Use with
the GNU Affero General Public License.</h3>
<p>Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
combination as such.</p>
<h3 id="revised-versions-of-this-license.">14. Revised Versions of this
License.</h3>
<p>The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions
will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
detail to address new problems or concerns.</p>
<p>Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General Public
License <em>or any later version</em> applies to it, you have the option
of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or
of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the
Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General Public
License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.</p>
<p>If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy’s
public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
to choose that version for the Program.</p>
<p>Later license versions may give you additional or different
permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
later version.</p>
<h3 id="disclaimer-of-warranty.">15. Disclaimer of Warranty.</h3>
<p>THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM <em>AS IS</em> WITHOUT
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF
THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME
THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.</p>
<h3 id="limitation-of-liability.">16. Limitation of Liability.</h3>
<p>IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR
CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES
SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE
WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.</p>
<h3 id="interpretation-of-sections-15-and-16.">17. Interpretation of
Sections 15 and 16.</h3>
<p>If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an
absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program,
unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the
Program in return for a fee.</p>
<h2 id="end-of-terms-and-conditions">END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS</h2>
<h3 id="how-to-apply-these-terms-to-your-new-programs">How to Apply
These Terms to Your New Programs</h3>
<p>If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
terms.</p>
<p>To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
<em>copyright</em> line and a pointer to where the full notice is
found.</p>
<pre><code><one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.</code></pre>
<p>Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
mail.</p>
<p>If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:</p>
<pre><code><program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.</code></pre>
<p>The hypothetical commands <code>show w</code> and <code>show c</code>
should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of
course, your program’s commands might be different; for a GUI interface,
you would use an <em>about box</em>.</p>
<p>You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
school, if any, to sign a <em>copyright disclaimer</em> for the program,
if necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow
the GNU GPL, see <a
href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.</p>
<p>The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your
program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine
library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the
GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But first,
please read <a
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html</a>.</p>