All sketches use Serial at 9600 baud. Commands can come from Arduino IDE Serial
Monitor or from a TTL serial Bluetooth module that presents the same byte stream.
| Module | Arduino Uno |
|---|---|
| TX | RX / pin 0 |
| RX | TX / pin 1 through level shifting when required |
| GND | GND |
| VCC | Module-specific rated supply |
Check the module's datasheet: many receive pins are 3.3 V logic even when the breakout board accepts 5 V power. Disconnect pins 0 and 1 during upload because the Uno USB interface shares this hardware serial port.
- Test commands over USB with no wireless module connected.
- Configure Serial Monitor to No line ending.
- Connect the unpowered module and verify voltage levels.
- Pair the module and send the same characters.
- If commands fail, echo bytes with the basic Bluetooth LED sketch.
The sketches ignore carriage-return and newline bytes, so other line-ending settings should not cause an unsafe command. Unknown commands select a stopped or off state in motor exercises.