ols and casual inference.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "728afa0b-2bf3-40a2-9f71-12b0982e04ae",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "matplotlib version: 3.5.1\n",
      "numpy version 1.22.4\n",
      "pandas version: 1.4.3\n",
      "statsmodels version: 0.13.2\n",
      "dowhy version: 0.7.1\n",
      "Concact: Zehua Zeng (starlitnightly@163.com)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%matplotlib inline\n",
    "import matplotlib\n",
    "print('matplotlib version:', matplotlib.__version__)\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "print('numpy version', np.__version__)\n",
    "from numpy import median\n",
    "\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "print('pandas version:', pd.__version__)\n",
    "from pandas import ExcelWriter\n",
    "from pandas import ExcelFile\n",
    "\n",
    "import statsmodels.api as sm\n",
    "import statsmodels.formula.api as smf\n",
    "from statsmodels.formula.api import ols #加载ols模型\n",
    "from statsmodels.formula.api import poisson\n",
    "print('statsmodels version:', sm.__version__)\n",
    "\n",
    "import dowhy\n",
    "from dowhy import CausalModel\n",
    "import dowhy.datasets\n",
    "print('dowhy version:', dowhy.__version__)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Avoiding unnecessary log messges and warnings\n",
    "import logging\n",
    "logging.getLogger(\"dowhy\").setLevel(logging.WARNING)\n",
    "import warnings\n",
    "from sklearn.exceptions import DataConversionWarning\n",
    "warnings.filterwarnings(action='ignore', category=DataConversionWarning)\n",
    "\n",
    "print('Concact: Zehua Zeng (starlitnightly@163.com)')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "b24a467d-0375-424a-892a-06695aa0394d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Time</th>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <th>ndr1</th>\n",
       "      <th>ndr2</th>\n",
       "      <th>treatment</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>3.7</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>9166.98</td>\n",
       "      <td>4351.54</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>3.7</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>7525.59</td>\n",
       "      <td>4074.69</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>11753.21</td>\n",
       "      <td>6031.75</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>8580.33</td>\n",
       "      <td>6099.13</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>4.3</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>13392.53</td>\n",
       "      <td>10041.42</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   Time  A  B  C      ndr1      ndr2  treatment\n",
       "0   3.7  1  1  1   9166.98   4351.54          1\n",
       "1   3.7  1  1  0   7525.59   4074.69          0\n",
       "2   4.0  1  1  1  11753.21   6031.75          1\n",
       "3   4.0  1  1  0   8580.33   6099.13          0\n",
       "4   4.3  1  1  1  13392.53  10041.42          1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#A:Eomesa\n",
    "#B:b-catenin\n",
    "#C:Smad2\n",
    "fish_data=pd.read_csv('data/fish_data.csv')\n",
    "fish_data.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8f784670-4b28-4dbe-b6cf-df2054319732",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 1. linear regression model analysis"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "100100d4-b929-4761-a933-4915acd7d531",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "                            OLS Regression Results                            \n",
      "==============================================================================\n",
      "Dep. Variable:                   ndr1   R-squared:                       0.457\n",
      "Model:                            OLS   Adj. R-squared:                  0.387\n",
      "Method:                 Least Squares   F-statistic:                     6.521\n",
      "Date:                Wed, 13 Jul 2022   Prob (F-statistic):           0.000628\n",
      "Time:                        17:02:30   Log-Likelihood:                -334.11\n",
      "No. Observations:                  36   AIC:                             678.2\n",
      "Df Residuals:                      31   BIC:                             686.1\n",
      "Df Model:                           4                                         \n",
      "Covariance Type:            nonrobust                                         \n",
      "==============================================================================\n",
      "                 coef    std err          t      P>|t|      [0.025      0.975]\n",
      "------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "Intercept   8799.7445   3222.356      2.731      0.010    2227.707    1.54e+04\n",
      "Time       -1036.6676    620.593     -1.670      0.105   -2302.375     229.040\n",
      "A            174.1414   1142.352      0.152      0.880   -2155.701    2503.983\n",
      "B           1627.4695   1142.352      1.425      0.164    -702.372    3957.312\n",
      "C           4258.6067    932.726      4.566      0.000    2356.299    6160.915\n",
      "==============================================================================\n",
      "Omnibus:                        0.302   Durbin-Watson:                   1.383\n",
      "Prob(Omnibus):                  0.860   Jarque-Bera (JB):                0.054\n",
      "Skew:                           0.095   Prob(JB):                        0.974\n",
      "Kurtosis:                       3.002   Cond. No.                         34.9\n",
      "==============================================================================\n",
      "\n",
      "Notes:\n",
      "[1] Standard Errors assume that the covariance matrix of the errors is correctly specified.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from patsy import dmatrices\n",
    "y, X = dmatrices('ndr1 ~ Time+A+B+C', data=fish_data, return_type=\"dataframe\")\n",
    "model = sm.OLS(y, X)\n",
    "res = model.fit()\n",
    "print(res.summary())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "f3c8cfc4-cbe4-4a44-87de-b1ed761183b7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "                            OLS Regression Results                            \n",
      "==============================================================================\n",
      "Dep. Variable:                   ndr2   R-squared:                       0.458\n",
      "Model:                            OLS   Adj. R-squared:                  0.389\n",
      "Method:                 Least Squares   F-statistic:                     6.560\n",
      "Date:                Wed, 13 Jul 2022   Prob (F-statistic):           0.000603\n",
      "Time:                        17:02:38   Log-Likelihood:                -342.98\n",
      "No. Observations:                  36   AIC:                             696.0\n",
      "Df Residuals:                      31   BIC:                             703.9\n",
      "Df Model:                           4                                         \n",
      "Covariance Type:            nonrobust                                         \n",
      "==============================================================================\n",
      "                 coef    std err          t      P>|t|      [0.025      0.975]\n",
      "------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "Intercept  -7541.2095   4122.549     -1.829      0.077   -1.59e+04     866.785\n",
      "Time        1934.2782    793.961      2.436      0.021     314.984    3553.572\n",
      "A           5501.2418   1461.478      3.764      0.001    2520.538    8481.946\n",
      "B           1131.3476   1461.478      0.774      0.445   -1849.356    4112.052\n",
      "C           2531.4065   1193.292      2.121      0.042      97.672    4965.141\n",
      "==============================================================================\n",
      "Omnibus:                        1.260   Durbin-Watson:                   1.272\n",
      "Prob(Omnibus):                  0.533   Jarque-Bera (JB):                1.201\n",
      "Skew:                           0.403   Prob(JB):                        0.549\n",
      "Kurtosis:                       2.612   Cond. No.                         34.9\n",
      "==============================================================================\n",
      "\n",
      "Notes:\n",
      "[1] Standard Errors assume that the covariance matrix of the errors is correctly specified.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from patsy import dmatrices\n",
    "y, X = dmatrices('ndr2 ~ Time+A+B+C', data=fish_data, return_type=\"dataframe\")\n",
    "model = sm.OLS(y, X)\n",
    "res = model.fit()\n",
    "print(res.summary())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "70142721-f410-46fa-b1bb-47ee505851e0",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 2. casual inference"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "5ff991b9-0b2a-4c77-ad6e-4a32df826582",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 2.1 ndr1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "id": "5f226791-d68a-4669-a30f-9c51a9995893",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data={\n",
    "    'df':fish_data,\n",
    "    'outcome_name':'ndr1',\n",
    "    'treatment_name':['B','C','Time'],\n",
    "    'common_causes_names':['ndr2','A',],\n",
    "    #'instrument_names':['Time'], \n",
    "    \"time_val\":['Time'],\n",
    "}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "5a3c3d4b-f20a-47da-aa01-8490a594fa1a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "model = CausalModel(\n",
    "    data=data[\"df\"],\n",
    "    treatment=data['treatment_name'],\n",
    "    outcome=data[\"outcome_name\"],\n",
    "    common_causes=data[\"common_causes_names\"],\n",
    "    #instruments=data[\"instrument_names\"]\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "e9e21dc4-8255-4864-87ca-aea550fdebae",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 288x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model.view_model(layout='dot', size=(4, 4),file_name='result/causal_model_ndr1')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "fe6d43cc-2de7-4498-b215-8ed78ddb1a20",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.1.1 estimand construct"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "8d00ad5a-1490-491a-b6b4-c9e60e59a58d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Estimand type: nonparametric-ate\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 1\n",
      "Estimand name: backdoor\n",
      "Estimand expression:\n",
      "      d                      \n",
      "─────────────(E[ndr1|ndr2,A])\n",
      "d[B  C  Time]                \n",
      "Estimand assumption 1, Unconfoundedness: If U→{B,C,Time} and U→ndr1 then P(ndr1|B,C,Time,ndr2,A,U) = P(ndr1|B,C,Time,ndr2,A)\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 2\n",
      "Estimand name: iv\n",
      "No such variable(s) found!\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 3\n",
      "Estimand name: frontdoor\n",
      "No such variable(s) found!\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# II. Identify causal effect and return target estimands\n",
    "identified_estimand = model.identify_effect(proceed_when_unidentifiable=True)\n",
    "print(identified_estimand)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "9e1987de-4877-4afd-8476-816369f897c6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "linear_regression\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': None, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "*** Causal Estimate ***\n",
      "\n",
      "## Identified estimand\n",
      "Estimand type: nonparametric-ate\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 1\n",
      "Estimand name: backdoor\n",
      "Estimand expression:\n",
      "      d                      \n",
      "─────────────(E[ndr1|ndr2,A])\n",
      "d[B  C  Time]                \n",
      "Estimand assumption 1, Unconfoundedness: If U→{B,C,Time} and U→ndr1 then P(ndr1|B,C,Time,ndr2,A,U) = P(ndr1|B,C,Time,ndr2,A)\n",
      "\n",
      "## Realized estimand\n",
      "b: ndr1~B+C+Time+ndr2+A\n",
      "Target units: ate\n",
      "\n",
      "## Estimate\n",
      "Mean value: 2123.4898960496703\n",
      "\n",
      "Causal Estimate is 2123.4898960496703\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "estimate = model.estimate_effect(identified_estimand,\n",
    "        method_name=\"backdoor.linear_regression\")\n",
    "print(estimate)\n",
    "print(\"Causal Estimate is \" + str(estimate.value))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e4dca3a1-f3d0-4b33-9ce9-cb10ecd1b570",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.1.2 refute test"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "f0f5dfa8-badb-4074-b046-019465a61668",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Add a random common cause\n",
      "Estimated effect:2123.4898960496703\n",
      "New effect:2100.3181109572774\n",
      "p value:0.48\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#random\n",
    "res_random=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate, method_name=\"random_common_cause\")\n",
    "print(res_random)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "8a07f982-2ea5-4863-84e8-2bde0fd14d23",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Use a Placebo Treatment\n",
      "Estimated effect:2123.4898960496703\n",
      "New effect:6.1663740780204535e-09\n",
      "p value:0.0\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### placebo\n",
    "res_placebo=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate,\n",
    "        method_name=\"placebo_treatment_refuter\")\n",
    "print(res_placebo)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "d08b8037-6f4c-473d-830c-345bf5b0e9ca",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Use a subset of data\n",
      "Estimated effect:2123.4898960496703\n",
      "New effect:2115.2120562827117\n",
      "p value:0.39\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### subset\n",
    "res_subset=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate,\n",
    "        method_name=\"data_subset_refuter\", subset_fraction=0.9)\n",
    "print(res_subset)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "9080ce0e-033b-4c10-a29c-2a18dc2ea354",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "source": [
    "## 2.2 ndr2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "id": "f1b9c5b5-c736-4204-b491-fa9eff8f6f6c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data={\n",
    "    'df':fish_data,\n",
    "    'outcome_name':'ndr2',\n",
    "    'treatment_name':['A','C','Time'],\n",
    "    'common_causes_names':['ndr1','B'],\n",
    "    #'instrument_names':['Time'], \n",
    "    \"time_val\":['Time'],\n",
    "}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "id": "354acb94-45ac-4415-80d3-d5f8c5c758a7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "model = CausalModel(\n",
    "    data=data[\"df\"],\n",
    "    treatment=data['treatment_name'],\n",
    "    outcome=data[\"outcome_name\"],\n",
    "    common_causes=data[\"common_causes_names\"],\n",
    "    #instruments=data[\"instrument_names\"]\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "id": "913b354d-9082-41ef-ae18-7bc53649ccc1",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 288x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model.view_model(layout='dot', size=(4, 4),file_name='result/causal_model_ndr2')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1600b720-b863-4827-b4df-82059fab24d9",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.2.1 estimand construct"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "id": "dc954418-44a7-45c9-ade3-b44706135673",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Estimand type: nonparametric-ate\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 1\n",
      "Estimand name: backdoor\n",
      "Estimand expression:\n",
      "      d                      \n",
      "─────────────(E[ndr2|B,ndr1])\n",
      "d[A  C  Time]                \n",
      "Estimand assumption 1, Unconfoundedness: If U→{A,C,Time} and U→ndr2 then P(ndr2|A,C,Time,B,ndr1,U) = P(ndr2|A,C,Time,B,ndr1)\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 2\n",
      "Estimand name: iv\n",
      "No such variable(s) found!\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 3\n",
      "Estimand name: frontdoor\n",
      "No such variable(s) found!\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# II. Identify causal effect and return target estimands\n",
    "identified_estimand = model.identify_effect(proceed_when_unidentifiable=True)\n",
    "print(identified_estimand)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "id": "2b3c39e1-a4ca-4833-b5ae-97858c7b368e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "linear_regression\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': None, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "*** Causal Estimate ***\n",
      "\n",
      "## Identified estimand\n",
      "Estimand type: nonparametric-ate\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 1\n",
      "Estimand name: backdoor\n",
      "Estimand expression:\n",
      "      d                      \n",
      "─────────────(E[ndr2|B,ndr1])\n",
      "d[A  C  Time]                \n",
      "Estimand assumption 1, Unconfoundedness: If U→{A,C,Time} and U→ndr2 then P(ndr2|A,C,Time,B,ndr1,U) = P(ndr2|A,C,Time,B,ndr1)\n",
      "\n",
      "## Realized estimand\n",
      "b: ndr2~A+C+Time+B+ndr1\n",
      "Target units: ate\n",
      "\n",
      "## Estimate\n",
      "Mean value: 7259.742222668288\n",
      "\n",
      "Causal Estimate is 7259.742222668288\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "estimate = model.estimate_effect(identified_estimand,\n",
    "        method_name=\"backdoor.linear_regression\")\n",
    "print(estimate)\n",
    "print(\"Causal Estimate is \" + str(estimate.value))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "826425ac-3ea6-4476-8c2d-cd26efd1b354",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.2.2 refute test"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "id": "8cd46f92-1409-4990-b2bd-2e142ab4c57c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Add a random common cause\n",
      "Estimated effect:7259.742222668288\n",
      "New effect:7162.841248303173\n",
      "p value:0.36\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#random\n",
    "res_random=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate, method_name=\"random_common_cause\")\n",
    "print(res_random)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "id": "1d41293c-4d9b-4e9a-9372-0c2449bb5e85",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Use a Placebo Treatment\n",
      "Estimated effect:7259.742222668288\n",
      "New effect:1.1564225133042783e-08\n",
      "p value:0.0\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### placebo\n",
    "res_placebo=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate,\n",
    "        method_name=\"placebo_treatment_refuter\")\n",
    "print(res_placebo)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "id": "963dfc98-2b3f-429e-a7b0-644608c81459",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Use a subset of data\n",
      "Estimated effect:7259.742222668288\n",
      "New effect:7110.023084957938\n",
      "p value:0.48\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### subset\n",
    "res_subset=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate,\n",
    "        method_name=\"data_subset_refuter\", subset_fraction=0.9)\n",
    "print(res_subset)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "id": "3a7cc57e-f153-4238-b515-4c2c9a8a2cc5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data={\n",
    "    'df':fish_data,\n",
    "    'outcome_name':'ndr1',\n",
    "    'treatment_name':['A','B','C'],\n",
    "    'common_causes_names':['ndr2','Time'],\n",
    "    #'instrument_names':['Time'], \n",
    "    \"time_val\":['Time'],\n",
    "}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "id": "86bd6b0c-7794-403f-9650-ead049946775",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "model = CausalModel(\n",
    "    data=data[\"df\"],\n",
    "    treatment=data['treatment_name'],\n",
    "    outcome=data[\"outcome_name\"],\n",
    "    common_causes=data[\"common_causes_names\"],\n",
    "    #instruments=data[\"instrument_names\"]\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "id": "3d9d7b35-a369-4ac6-9db7-eb446d003c5b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 400x400 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model.view_model(layout='dot', size=(4, 4),file_name='result/causal_model_ndr2')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "f794d46d-25fa-436c-b2fc-9d030f394d13",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.3.1 estimand construct"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "id": "f9ce9d98-d8c0-46e4-a28f-091d3450ddbc",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Estimand type: nonparametric-ate\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 1\n",
      "Estimand name: backdoor\n",
      "Estimand expression:\n",
      "    d                        \n",
      "──────────(E[ndr1|ndr2,Time])\n",
      "d[A  B  C]                   \n",
      "Estimand assumption 1, Unconfoundedness: If U→{A,B,C} and U→ndr1 then P(ndr1|A,B,C,ndr2,Time,U) = P(ndr1|A,B,C,ndr2,Time)\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 2\n",
      "Estimand name: iv\n",
      "No such variable(s) found!\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 3\n",
      "Estimand name: frontdoor\n",
      "No such variable(s) found!\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# II. Identify causal effect and return target estimands\n",
    "identified_estimand = model.identify_effect(proceed_when_unidentifiable=True)\n",
    "print(identified_estimand)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "id": "3077d3cb-26b6-44ae-90dc-c5169895cc2f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "linear_regression\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': None, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "*** Causal Estimate ***\n",
      "\n",
      "## Identified estimand\n",
      "Estimand type: nonparametric-ate\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 1\n",
      "Estimand name: backdoor\n",
      "Estimand expression:\n",
      "    d                        \n",
      "──────────(E[ndr1|ndr2,Time])\n",
      "d[A  B  C]                   \n",
      "Estimand assumption 1, Unconfoundedness: If U→{A,B,C} and U→ndr1 then P(ndr1|A,B,C,ndr2,Time,U) = P(ndr1|A,B,C,ndr2,Time)\n",
      "\n",
      "## Realized estimand\n",
      "b: ndr1~A+B+C+ndr2+Time\n",
      "Target units: ate\n",
      "\n",
      "## Estimate\n",
      "Mean value: 1597.083175768047\n",
      "\n",
      "Causal Estimate is 1597.083175768047\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "estimate = model.estimate_effect(identified_estimand,\n",
    "        method_name=\"backdoor.linear_regression\")\n",
    "print(estimate)\n",
    "print(\"Causal Estimate is \" + str(estimate.value))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "05769069-b5ed-4daa-abe7-eb08251d548d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.3.2 refute test"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "id": "3a49b0d9-74f3-45e2-840d-bb9d6211c8bf",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Add a random common cause\n",
      "Estimated effect:1597.083175768047\n",
      "New effect:1603.4582474308168\n",
      "p value:0.42\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#random\n",
    "res_random=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate, method_name=\"random_common_cause\")\n",
    "print(res_random)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "id": "8f14a657-f762-40a7-93e7-d80cf4590db6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Use a Placebo Treatment\n",
      "Estimated effect:1597.083175768047\n",
      "New effect:-3.6558958527166396e-08\n",
      "p value:0.0\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### placebo\n",
    "res_placebo=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate,\n",
    "        method_name=\"placebo_treatment_refuter\")\n",
    "print(res_placebo)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "id": "c19fa524-dd05-4f03-be69-fd0054100595",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Use a subset of data\n",
      "Estimated effect:1597.083175768047\n",
      "New effect:1632.2621434667844\n",
      "p value:0.49\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### subset\n",
    "res_subset=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate,\n",
    "        method_name=\"data_subset_refuter\", subset_fraction=0.9)\n",
    "print(res_subset)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e44b4479-cff6-49a2-b60d-419692eea09e",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "source": [
    "## 2.3 ndr2 review advice"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "id": "914f4d38-9ff0-422f-a066-d5d592b15a30",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data={\n",
    "    'df':fish_data,\n",
    "    'outcome_name':'ndr2',\n",
    "    'treatment_name':['A','B','C','Time'],\n",
    "    'common_causes_names':['ndr1'],\n",
    "    #'instrument_names':['Time'], \n",
    "    \"time_val\":['Time'],\n",
    "}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "id": "ca553027-a38e-4f84-bab8-d597a5295eb5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "model = CausalModel(\n",
    "    data=data[\"df\"],\n",
    "    treatment=data['treatment_name'],\n",
    "    outcome=data[\"outcome_name\"],\n",
    "    common_causes=data[\"common_causes_names\"],\n",
    "    #instruments=data[\"instrument_names\"]\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "id": "9c6523b0-c830-4ef7-99f4-8835e760bdad",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 400x400 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "model.view_model(layout='dot', size=(4, 4),file_name='result/causal_model_ndr2')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "46d4c30e-1467-462f-9981-6fcfce447736",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.3.1 estimand construct"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "id": "805fa44a-dd48-4665-9f88-7cce1d06877b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Estimand type: nonparametric-ate\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 1\n",
      "Estimand name: backdoor\n",
      "Estimand expression:\n",
      "    d                   \n",
      "──────────(E[ndr2|ndr1])\n",
      "d[A  B  C]              \n",
      "Estimand assumption 1, Unconfoundedness: If U→{A,B,C} and U→ndr2 then P(ndr2|A,B,C,ndr1,U) = P(ndr2|A,B,C,ndr1)\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 2\n",
      "Estimand name: iv\n",
      "No such variable(s) found!\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 3\n",
      "Estimand name: frontdoor\n",
      "No such variable(s) found!\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# II. Identify causal effect and return target estimands\n",
    "identified_estimand = model.identify_effect(proceed_when_unidentifiable=True)\n",
    "print(identified_estimand)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "id": "b0648be5-d792-4ad2-ae02-9e1067bf4b9d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "linear_regression\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': None, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "*** Causal Estimate ***\n",
      "\n",
      "## Identified estimand\n",
      "Estimand type: nonparametric-ate\n",
      "\n",
      "### Estimand : 1\n",
      "Estimand name: backdoor\n",
      "Estimand expression:\n",
      "    d                   \n",
      "──────────(E[ndr2|ndr1])\n",
      "d[A  B  C]              \n",
      "Estimand assumption 1, Unconfoundedness: If U→{A,B,C} and U→ndr2 then P(ndr2|A,B,C,ndr1,U) = P(ndr2|A,B,C,ndr1)\n",
      "\n",
      "## Realized estimand\n",
      "b: ndr2~A+B+C+ndr1\n",
      "Target units: ate\n",
      "\n",
      "## Estimate\n",
      "Mean value: 5665.798637173457\n",
      "\n",
      "Causal Estimate is 5665.798637173457\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "estimate = model.estimate_effect(identified_estimand,\n",
    "        method_name=\"backdoor.linear_regression\")\n",
    "print(estimate)\n",
    "print(\"Causal Estimate is \" + str(estimate.value))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c9811398-6245-4981-a345-5a64c9e41824",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.3.2 refute test"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "id": "f4d5a0e2-56f9-4b22-8e89-356d98287166",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Add a random common cause\n",
      "Estimated effect:5665.798637173457\n",
      "New effect:5614.902949565043\n",
      "p value:0.48\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#random\n",
    "res_random=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate, method_name=\"random_common_cause\")\n",
    "print(res_random)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "id": "95241178-38b4-4642-9fb9-3b1ad4d1c119",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Use a Placebo Treatment\n",
      "Estimated effect:5665.798637173457\n",
      "New effect:0.0\n",
      "p value:1.0\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n",
      "/Users/fernandozeng/miniforge3/envs/django/lib/python3.8/site-packages/statsmodels/regression/linear_model.py:1918: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in double_scalars\n",
      "  return np.sqrt(eigvals[0]/eigvals[-1])\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### placebo\n",
    "res_placebo=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate,\n",
    "        method_name=\"placebo_treatment_refuter\")\n",
    "print(res_placebo)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "id": "0064c28a-bd00-4930-b4d9-1f408e3fec9c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "{'control_value': 0, 'treatment_value': 1, 'test_significance': False, 'evaluate_effect_strength': False, 'confidence_intervals': False, 'target_units': 'ate', 'effect_modifiers': []}\n",
      "Refute: Use a subset of data\n",
      "Estimated effect:5196.435864143265\n",
      "New effect:5191.507300119532\n",
      "p value:0.49\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "### subset\n",
    "res_subset=model.refute_estimate(identified_estimand, estimate,\n",
    "        method_name=\"data_subset_refuter\", subset_fraction=0.9)\n",
    "print(res_subset)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "181fde88-73c4-4ad8-9b87-26939eedfa9c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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