db_partition_test.go

// Copyright 2018 PingCAP, Inc.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package ddl_test

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
	"strings"
	"sync/atomic"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"github.com/pingcap/failpoint"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/config"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/ddl"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/ddl/testutil"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/domain"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/errno"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/kv"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/parser/ast"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/parser/model"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/parser/mysql"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/parser/terror"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/session"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/sessionctx"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/sessionctx/variable"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/sessiontxn"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/store/mockstore"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/table"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/table/tables"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/tablecodec"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/testkit"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/testkit/external"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/types"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/util/codec"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/util/dbterror"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/util/logutil"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
	"go.uber.org/zap"
)

func checkGlobalIndexCleanUpDone(t *testing.T, ctx sessionctx.Context, tblInfo *model.TableInfo, idxInfo *model.IndexInfo, pid int64) int {
	require.NoError(t, sessiontxn.NewTxn(context.Background(), ctx))
	txn, err := ctx.Txn(true)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	defer func() {
		err := txn.Rollback()
		require.NoError(t, err)
	}()

	cnt := 0
	prefix := tablecodec.EncodeTableIndexPrefix(tblInfo.ID, idxInfo.ID)
	it, err := txn.Iter(prefix, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	for it.Valid() {
		if !it.Key().HasPrefix(prefix) {
			break
		}
		segs := tablecodec.SplitIndexValue(it.Value())
		require.NotNil(t, segs.PartitionID)
		_, pi, err := codec.DecodeInt(segs.PartitionID)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotEqual(t, pid, pi)
		cnt++
		err = it.Next()
		require.NoError(t, err)
	}
	return cnt
}

func TestCreateTableWithPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t, mockstore.WithDDLChecker())

	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists tp;")
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE tp (a int) PARTITION BY RANGE(a) (
	PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (10),
	PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (20),
	PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE)
	);`)
	ctx := tk.Session()
	is := domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	tbl, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("tp"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().Partition)
	part := tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.Equal(t, model.PartitionTypeRange, part.Type)
	require.Equal(t, "`a`", part.Expr)
	for _, pdef := range part.Definitions {
		require.Greater(t, pdef.ID, int64(0))
	}
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 3)
	require.Equal(t, "10", part.Definitions[0].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, "p0", part.Definitions[0].Name.L)
	require.Equal(t, "20", part.Definitions[1].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, "p1", part.Definitions[1].Name.L)
	require.Equal(t, "MAXVALUE", part.Definitions[2].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, "p2", part.Definitions[2].Name.L)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists employees;")
	sql1 := `create table employees (
	id int not null,
	hired int not null
	)
	partition by range( hired ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1991),
		partition p2 values less than (1996),
		partition p2 values less than (2001)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql1, errno.ErrSameNamePartition)

	sql2 := `create table employees (
	id int not null,
	hired int not null
	)
	partition by range( hired ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1998),
		partition p2 values less than (1996),
		partition p3 values less than (2001)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql2, errno.ErrRangeNotIncreasing)

	sql3 := `create table employees (
	id int not null,
	hired int not null
	)
	partition by range( hired ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1998),
		partition p2 values less than maxvalue,
		partition p3 values less than (2001)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql3, errno.ErrPartitionMaxvalue)

	sql4 := `create table t4 (
	a int not null,
	b int not null
	)
	partition by range( a ) (
		partition p1 values less than maxvalue,
		partition p2 values less than (1991),
		partition p3 values less than (1995)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql4, errno.ErrPartitionMaxvalue)

	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE rc (
		a INT NOT NULL,
		b INT NOT NULL,
		c INT NOT NULL
	)
	partition by range columns(a,b,c) (
	partition p0 values less than (10,5,1),
	partition p2 values less than (50,maxvalue,10),
	partition p3 values less than (65,30,13),
	partition p4 values less than (maxvalue,30,40)
	);`)
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows())

	sql6 := `create table employees (
	id int not null,
	hired int not null
	)
	partition by range( hired ) (
		 partition p0 values less than (6 , 10)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql6, errno.ErrTooManyValues)

	sql7 := `create table t7 (
	a int not null,
	b int not null
	)
	partition by range( a ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1991),
		partition p2 values less than maxvalue,
		partition p3 values less than maxvalue,
		partition p4 values less than (1995),
		partition p5 values less than maxvalue
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql7, errno.ErrPartitionMaxvalue)

	sql18 := `create table t8 (
	a int not null,
	b int not null
	)
	partition by range( a ) (
		partition p1 values less than (19xx91),
		partition p2 values less than maxvalue
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql18, mysql.ErrBadField)

	sql9 := `create TABLE t9 (
	col1 int
	)
	partition by range( case when col1 > 0 then 10 else 20 end ) (
		partition p0 values less than (2),
		partition p1 values less than (6)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql9, errno.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed)

	tk.MustGetDBError(`CREATE TABLE t9 (
		a INT NOT NULL,
		b INT NOT NULL,
		c INT NOT NULL
	)
	partition by range columns(a) (
	partition p0 values less than (10),
	partition p2 values less than (20),
	partition p3 values less than (20)
	);`, dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing)

	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create TABLE t10 (c1 int,c2 int) partition by range(c1 / c2 ) (partition p0 values less than (2));`, errno.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed)

	tk.MustExec(`create TABLE t11 (c1 int,c2 int) partition by range(c1 div c2 ) (partition p0 values less than (2));`)
	tk.MustExec(`create TABLE t12 (c1 int,c2 int) partition by range(c1 + c2 ) (partition p0 values less than (2));`)
	tk.MustExec(`create TABLE t13 (c1 int,c2 int) partition by range(c1 - c2 ) (partition p0 values less than (2));`)
	tk.MustExec(`create TABLE t14 (c1 int,c2 int) partition by range(c1 * c2 ) (partition p0 values less than (2));`)
	tk.MustExec(`create TABLE t15 (c1 int,c2 int) partition by range( abs(c1) ) (partition p0 values less than (2));`)
	tk.MustExec(`create TABLE t16 (c1 int) partition by range( c1) (partition p0 values less than (10));`)

	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create TABLE t17 (c1 int,c2 float) partition by range(c1 + c2 ) (partition p0 values less than (2));`, errno.ErrPartitionFuncNotAllowed)
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create TABLE t18 (c1 int,c2 float) partition by range( floor(c2) ) (partition p0 values less than (2));`, errno.ErrPartitionFuncNotAllowed)
	tk.MustExec(`create TABLE t19 (c1 int,c2 float) partition by range( floor(c1) ) (partition p0 values less than (2));`)

	tk.MustExec(`create TABLE t20 (c1 int,c2 bit(10)) partition by range(c2) (partition p0 values less than (10));`)
	tk.MustExec(`create TABLE t21 (c1 int,c2 year) partition by range( c2 ) (partition p0 values less than (2000));`)

	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create TABLE t24 (c1 float) partition by range( c1 ) (partition p0 values less than (2000));`, errno.ErrFieldTypeNotAllowedAsPartitionField)

	// test check order. The sql below have 2 problem: 1. ErrFieldTypeNotAllowedAsPartitionField  2. ErrPartitionMaxvalue , mysql will return ErrPartitionMaxvalue.
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create TABLE t25 (c1 float) partition by range( c1 ) (partition p1 values less than maxvalue,partition p0 values less than (2000));`, errno.ErrPartitionMaxvalue)

	// Fix issue 7362.
	tk.MustExec("create table test_partition(id bigint, name varchar(255), primary key(id)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 PARTITION BY RANGE  COLUMNS(id) (PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (10) ENGINE = InnoDB);")

	// 'Less than' in partition expression could be a constant expression, notice that
	// the SHOW result changed.
	tk.MustExec(`create table t26 (a date)
			  partition by range(to_seconds(a))(
			  partition p0 values less than (to_seconds('2004-01-01')),
			  partition p1 values less than (to_seconds('2005-01-01')));`)
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t26").Check(
		testkit.Rows("t26 CREATE TABLE `t26` (\n  `a` date DEFAULT NULL\n) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\nPARTITION BY RANGE (TO_SECONDS(`a`))\n(PARTITION `p0` VALUES LESS THAN (63240134400),\n PARTITION `p1` VALUES LESS THAN (63271756800))"))
	tk.MustExec(`create table t27 (a bigint unsigned not null)
		  partition by range(a) (
		  partition p0 values less than (10),
		  partition p1 values less than (100),
		  partition p2 values less than (1000),
		  partition p3 values less than (18446744073709551000),
		  partition p4 values less than (18446744073709551614)
		);`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table t28 (a bigint unsigned not null)
		  partition by range(a) (
		  partition p0 values less than (10),
		  partition p1 values less than (100),
		  partition p2 values less than (1000),
		  partition p3 values less than (18446744073709551000 + 1),
		  partition p4 values less than (18446744073709551000 + 10)
		);`)

	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_table_partition = 1")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t30 (
		  a int,
		  b varchar(20),
		  c varchar(30))
		  partition by range columns (a, b)
		  (partition p0 values less than (10, '10.0'))`)
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows())

	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table t31 (a int not null) partition by range( a );`, errno.ErrPartitionsMustBeDefined)
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table t32 (a int not null) partition by range columns( a );`, errno.ErrPartitionsMustBeDefined)
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table t33 (a int, b int) partition by hash(a) partitions 0;`, errno.ErrNoParts)
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table t33 (a timestamp, b int) partition by hash(a) partitions 30;`, errno.ErrFieldTypeNotAllowedAsPartitionField)
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`CREATE TABLE t34 (c0 INT) PARTITION BY HASH((CASE WHEN 0 THEN 0 ELSE c0 END )) PARTITIONS 1;`, errno.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed)
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`CREATE TABLE t0(c0 INT) PARTITION BY HASH((c0<CURRENT_USER())) PARTITIONS 1;`, errno.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed)
	// TODO: fix this one
	// tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table t33 (a timestamp, b int) partition by hash(unix_timestamp(a)) partitions 30;`, errno.ErrPartitionFuncNotAllowed)

	// Fix issue 8647
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`CREATE TABLE trb8 (
		id int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
		name varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
		purchased date DEFAULT NULL
	) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin
	PARTITION BY RANGE ( year(notexist.purchased) - 1 ) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (1990),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (1995),
		PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (2000),
		PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (2005)
	);`, errno.ErrBadField)

	// Fix a timezone dependent check bug introduced in https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/pull/10655
	tk.MustExec(`create table t34 (dt timestamp(3)) partition by range (floor(unix_timestamp(dt))) (
		partition p0 values less than (unix_timestamp('2020-04-04 00:00:00')),
		partition p1 values less than (unix_timestamp('2020-04-05 00:00:00')));`)

	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table t34 (dt timestamp(3)) partition by range (unix_timestamp(date(dt))) (
		partition p0 values less than (unix_timestamp('2020-04-04 00:00:00')),
		partition p1 values less than (unix_timestamp('2020-04-05 00:00:00')));`, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table t34 (dt datetime) partition by range (unix_timestamp(dt)) (
		partition p0 values less than (unix_timestamp('2020-04-04 00:00:00')),
		partition p1 values less than (unix_timestamp('2020-04-05 00:00:00')));`, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	// Fix https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/issues/16333
	tk.MustExec(`create table t35 (dt timestamp) partition by range (unix_timestamp(dt))
(partition p0 values less than (unix_timestamp('2020-04-15 00:00:00')));`)

	tk.MustExec(`drop table if exists too_long_identifier`)
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table too_long_identifier(a int)
partition by range (a)
(partition p0pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp values less than (10));`, errno.ErrTooLongIdent)

	tk.MustExec(`drop table if exists too_long_identifier`)
	tk.MustExec("create table too_long_identifier(a int) partition by range(a) (partition p0 values less than(10))")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table too_long_identifier add partition "+
		"(partition p0pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp values less than(20))", errno.ErrTooLongIdent)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t36 (a date, b datetime) partition by range (EXTRACT(YEAR_MONTH FROM a)) (
    partition p0 values less than (200),
    partition p1 values less than (300),
    partition p2 values less than maxvalue)`)

	// Fix https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/issues/35827
	tk.MustExec(`create table t37 (id tinyint unsigned, idpart tinyint, i varchar(255)) partition by range (idpart) (partition p1 values less than (-1));`)
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table t38 (id tinyint unsigned, idpart tinyint unsigned, i varchar(255)) partition by range (idpart) (partition p1 values less than (-1));`, errno.ErrPartitionConstDomain)
}

func TestCreateTableWithHashPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t, mockstore.WithDDLChecker())

	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists employees;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_table_partition = 1")
	tk.MustExec(`
	create table employees (
		id int not null,
		fname varchar(30),
		lname varchar(30),
		hired date not null default '1970-01-01',
		separated date not null default '9999-12-31',
		job_code int,
		store_id int
	)
	partition by hash(store_id) partitions 4;`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists employees;")
	tk.MustExec(`
	create table employees (
		id int not null,
		fname varchar(30),
		lname varchar(30),
		hired date not null default '1970-01-01',
		separated date not null default '9999-12-31',
		job_code int,
		store_id int
	)
	partition by hash( year(hired) ) partitions 4;`)

	// This query makes tidb OOM without partition count check.
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`CREATE TABLE employees (
    id INT NOT NULL,
    fname VARCHAR(30),
    lname VARCHAR(30),
    hired DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '1970-01-01',
    separated DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT '9999-12-31',
    job_code INT,
    store_id INT
) PARTITION BY HASH(store_id) PARTITIONS 102400000000;`, errno.ErrTooManyPartitions)

	tk.MustExec("CREATE TABLE t_linear (a int, b varchar(128)) PARTITION BY LINEAR HASH(a) PARTITIONS 4")
	tk.MustQuery(`show warnings`).Check(testkit.Rows("Warning 8200 LINEAR HASH is not supported, using non-linear HASH instead"))
	tk.MustQuery(`show create table t_linear`).Check(testkit.Rows("" +
		"t_linear CREATE TABLE `t_linear` (\n" +
		"  `a` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
		"  `b` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		"PARTITION BY HASH (`a`) PARTITIONS 4"))
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t_linear partition (p0)").Check(testkit.Rows())

	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t_sub (a int, b varchar(128)) PARTITION BY RANGE( a ) SUBPARTITION BY HASH( a )
                                   SUBPARTITIONS 2 (
                                       PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (100),
                                       PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (200),
                                       PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE)`)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("select * from t_sub partition (p0)", errno.ErrPartitionClauseOnNonpartitioned)

	// Fix create partition table using extract() function as partition key.
	tk.MustExec("create table t2 (a date, b datetime) partition by hash (EXTRACT(YEAR_MONTH FROM a)) partitions 7")
	tk.MustExec("create table t3 (a int, b int) partition by hash(ceiling(a-b)) partitions 10")
	tk.MustExec("create table t4 (a int, b int) partition by hash(floor(a-b)) partitions 10")
}

func TestCreateTableWithRangeColumnPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t, mockstore.WithDDLChecker())

	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists log_message_1;")
	tk.MustExec(`
create table log_message_1 (
    add_time datetime not null default '2000-01-01 00:00:00',
    log_level int unsigned not null default '0',
    log_host varchar(32) not null,
    service_name varchar(32) not null,
    message varchar(2000)
) partition by range columns(add_time)(
    partition p201403 values less than ('2014-04-01'),
    partition p201404 values less than ('2014-05-01'),
    partition p201405 values less than ('2014-06-01'),
    partition p201406 values less than ('2014-07-01'),
    partition p201407 values less than ('2014-08-01'),
    partition p201408 values less than ('2014-09-01'),
    partition p201409 values less than ('2014-10-01'),
    partition p201410 values less than ('2014-11-01')
)`)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists log_message_1;")
	tk.MustExec(`
	create table log_message_1 (
		id int not null,
		fname varchar(30),
		lname varchar(30),
		hired date not null default '1970-01-01',
		separated date not null default '9999-12-31',
		job_code int,
		store_id int
	)
	partition by hash( year(hired) ) partitions 4;`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t")

	tk.MustExec("create table t (a varchar(255), b varchar(255)) partition by range columns (a,b)" +
		`(partition pNull values less than ("",""), partition p0 values less than ("A",""),` +
		`partition p1 values less than ("A","A"), partition p2 values less than ("A","b"),` +
		`partition p3 values less than ("A",maxvalue), partition p4 values less than ("B",""),` +
		`partition pMax values less than (maxvalue,""))`)
	err := tk.ExecToErr("create table t (a varchar(255), b varchar(255)) partition by range columns (a,b)" +
		`(partition pNull values less than ("",""), partition p0 values less than ("A",""),` +
		`partition p1 values less than ("A","A"), partition p2 values less than ("A","b"),` +
		`partition p3 values less than ("A",maxvalue), partition p4 values less than ("B",""),` +
		// If one column has maxvalue set, the next column does not matter, so we should not allow it!
		`partition pMax values less than (maxvalue,""), partition pMax2 values less than (maxvalue,"a"))`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.EqualError(t, err, "[ddl:1493]VALUES LESS THAN value must be strictly increasing for each partition")
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (a varchar(255), b varchar(255)) partition by range columns (a,b)" +
		`(partition pNull values less than ("",""), partition p0 values less than ("A",""),` +
		`partition p1 values less than ("A","A"), partition p2 values less than ("A","b"),` +
		`partition p3 values less than ("A",maxvalue), partition p4 values less than ("B",""),` +
		// If one column has maxvalue set, the next column does not matter, so we should not allow it!
		`partition pMax values less than ("b",MAXVALUE), partition pMax2 values less than ("b","a"))`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.EqualError(t, err, "[ddl:1493]VALUES LESS THAN value must be strictly increasing for each partition")
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (a varchar(255), b varchar(255)) partition by range columns (a,b)" +
		`(partition pNull values less than ("",""), partition p0 values less than ("A",""),` +
		`partition p1 values less than ("A","A"), partition p2 values less than ("A","b"),` +
		`partition p3 values less than ("A",maxvalue), partition p4 values less than ("B",""),` +
		// If one column has maxvalue set, the next column does not matter, so we should not allow it!
		`partition pMax values less than ("b",MAXVALUE), partition pMax2 values less than ("b",MAXVALUE))`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.EqualError(t, err, "[ddl:1493]VALUES LESS THAN value must be strictly increasing for each partition")

	type testCase struct {
		sql string
		err *terror.Error
	}

	cases := []testCase{
		{
			"create table t (id int) partition by range columns (id);",
			ast.ErrPartitionsMustBeDefined,
		},
		{
			"create table t(a datetime) partition by range columns (a) (partition p1 values less than ('2000-02-01'), partition p2 values less than ('20000102'));",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id int) partition by range columns (id) (partition p0 values less than (1, 2));",
			ast.ErrPartitionColumnList,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by range columns (b) (partition p0 values less than (1, 2));",
			ast.ErrPartitionColumnList,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by range columns (b) (partition p0 values less than (1));",
			dbterror.ErrFieldNotFoundPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a date) partition by range (to_days(to_days(a))) (partition p0 values less than (1));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id timestamp) partition by range columns (id) (partition p0 values less than ('2019-01-09 11:23:34'));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			`create table t29 (
				a decimal
			)
			partition by range columns (a)
			(partition p0 values less than (0));`,
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id text) partition by range columns (id) (partition p0 values less than ('abc'));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		// create as normal table, warning.
		{
			"create table t (a int, b varchar(64)) partition by range columns (a, b) (" +
				"partition p0 values less than (1, 'a')," +
				"partition p1 values less than (1, 'a'))",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int, b varchar(64)) partition by range columns ( b) (" +
				"partition p0 values less than ( 'a')," +
				"partition p1 values less than ('a'))",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		// create as normal table, warning.
		{
			"create table t (a int, b varchar(64)) partition by range columns (a, b) (" +
				"partition p0 values less than (1, 'b')," +
				"partition p1 values less than (1, 'a'))",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int, b varchar(64)) partition by range columns (b) (" +
				"partition p0 values less than ('b')," +
				"partition p1 values less than ('a'))",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		// create as normal table, warning.
		{
			"create table t (a int, b varchar(64)) partition by range columns (a, b) (" +
				"partition p0 values less than (1, maxvalue)," +
				"partition p1 values less than (1, 'a'))",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int, b varchar(64)) partition by range columns ( b) (" +
				"partition p0 values less than (  maxvalue)," +
				"partition p1 values less than ('a'))",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		{
			"create table t (col datetime not null default '2000-01-01')" +
				"partition by range columns (col) (" +
				"PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (20190905)," +
				"PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (20190906));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t(a char(10) collate utf8mb4_bin) " +
				"partition by range columns (a) (" +
				"partition p0 values less than ('a'), " +
				"partition p1 values less than ('G'));",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		{
			"create table t(a char(10) collate utf8mb4_bin) " +
				"partition by range columns (a) (" +
				"partition p0 values less than ('g'), " +
				"partition p1 values less than ('A'));",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		{
			"create table t(d datetime)" +
				"partition by range columns (d) (" +
				"partition p0 values less than ('2022-01-01')," +
				"partition p1 values less than (MAXVALUE), " +
				"partition p2 values less than (MAXVALUE));",
			dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing,
		},
		{
			"CREATE TABLE t1(c0 INT) PARTITION BY HASH((NOT c0)) PARTITIONS 2;",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed,
		},
		{
			"CREATE TABLE t1(c0 INT) PARTITION BY HASH((!c0)) PARTITIONS 2;",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed,
		},
		{
			"CREATE TABLE t1(c0 INT) PARTITION BY LIST((NOT c0)) (partition p0 values in (0), partition p1 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed,
		},
		{
			"CREATE TABLE t1(c0 INT) PARTITION BY LIST((!c0)) (partition p0 values in (0), partition p1 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed,
		},
		{
			"CREATE TABLE t1 (a TIME, b DATE) PARTITION BY range(DATEDIFF(a, b)) (partition p1 values less than (20));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc,
		},
		{
			"CREATE TABLE t1 (a DATE, b VARCHAR(10)) PARTITION BY range(DATEDIFF(a, b)) (partition p1 values less than (20));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc,
		},
		{
			"create table t1 (a bigint unsigned) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (10, 20, 30, -1));",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionConstDomain,
		},
		{
			"create table t1 (a bigint unsigned) partition by range (a) (partition p0 values less than (-1));",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionConstDomain,
		},
		{
			"create table t1 (a int unsigned) partition by range (a) (partition p0 values less than (-1));",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionConstDomain,
		},
		{
			"create table t1 (a tinyint(20) unsigned) partition by range (a) (partition p0 values less than (-1));",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionConstDomain,
		},
		{
			"CREATE TABLE new (a TIMESTAMP NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY) PARTITION BY RANGE (a % 2) (PARTITION p VALUES LESS THAN (20080819));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc,
		},
		{
			"CREATE TABLE new (a TIMESTAMP NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY) PARTITION BY RANGE (a+2) (PARTITION p VALUES LESS THAN (20080819));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc,
		},
	}
	for i, tt := range cases {
		_, err := tk.Exec(tt.sql)
		require.Truef(t, tt.err.Equal(err),
			"case %d fail, sql = `%s`\nexpected error = `%v`\n  actual error = `%v`",
			i, tt.sql, tt.err, err,
		)
	}

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t1;")
	tk.MustExec("create table t1 (a int, b char(3)) partition by range columns (a, b) (" +
		"partition p0 values less than (1, 'a')," +
		"partition p1 values less than (2, maxvalue))")
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows())

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t2;")
	tk.MustExec("create table t2 (a int, b char(3)) partition by range columns (b) (" +
		"partition p0 values less than ( 'a')," +
		"partition p1 values less than (maxvalue))")

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t(a char(10) collate utf8mb4_unicode_ci) partition by range columns (a) (
    	partition p0 values less than ('a'),
    	partition p1 values less than ('G'));`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a varchar(255) charset utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin) ` +
		`partition by range columns (a) ` +
		`(partition pnull values less than (""),` +
		`partition puppera values less than ("AAA"),` +
		`partition plowera values less than ("aaa"),` +
		`partition pmax values less than (MAXVALUE))`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t(a int) partition by range columns (a) (
    	partition p0 values less than (10),
    	partition p1 values less than (20));`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t(a int) partition by range (a) (partition p0 values less than (18446744073709551615));`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t(a binary) partition by range columns (a) (partition p0 values less than (X'0C'));`)

	tk.MustExec(`alter table t add partition (partition p1 values less than (X'0D'), partition p2 values less than (X'0E'));`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (X'0B'), (X'0C'), (X'0D')`)
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a < X'0D' order by a`).Check(testkit.Rows("\x0B", "\x0C"))
	tk.MustExec(`drop table t`)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t(a time) partition by range columns (a) (partition p1 values less than ('2020'))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values ('2019')`)
	tk.MustQuery(`show create table t`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `a` time DEFAULT NULL\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`a`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `p1` VALUES LESS THAN ('2020'))"))
	tk.MustExec(`drop table t`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a time, b time) partition by range columns (a) (partition p1 values less than ('2020'), partition p2 values less than ('20:20:10'))`)
	tk.MustQuery(`show create table t`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `a` time DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  `b` time DEFAULT NULL\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`a`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `p1` VALUES LESS THAN ('2020'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `p2` VALUES LESS THAN ('20:20:10'))"))
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values ('2019','2019'),('20:20:09','20:20:09')`)
	tk.MustExec(`drop table t`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a time, b time) partition by range columns (a,b) (partition p1 values less than ('2020','2020'), partition p2 values less than ('20:20:10','20:20:10'))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values ('2019','2019'),('20:20:09','20:20:09')`)
	tk.MustQuery(`show create table t`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `a` time DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  `b` time DEFAULT NULL\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`a`,`b`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `p1` VALUES LESS THAN ('00:20:20','00:20:20'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `p2` VALUES LESS THAN ('20:20:10','20:20:10'))"))
}

func TestPartitionRangeColumnsCollate(t *testing.T) {
	failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/planner/core/forceDynamicPrune", `return(true)`)
	defer failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/planner/core/forceDynamicPrune")
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("create schema PartitionRangeColumnsCollate")
	tk.MustExec("use PartitionRangeColumnsCollate")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a varchar(255) charset utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin) partition by range columns (a)
 (partition p0A values less than ("A"),
 partition p1AA values less than ("AA"),
 partition p2Aa values less than ("Aa"),
 partition p3BB values less than ("BB"),
 partition p4Bb values less than ("Bb"),
 partition p5aA values less than ("aA"),
 partition p6aa values less than ("aa"),
 partition p7bB values less than ("bB"),
 partition p8bb values less than ("bb"),
 partition pMax values less than (MAXVALUE))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values ("A"),("a"),("b"),("B"),("aa"),("AA"),("aA"),("Aa"),("BB"),("Bb"),("bB"),("bb"),("AB"),("BA"),("Ab"),("Ba"),("aB"),("bA"),("ab"),("ba")`)
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a = "AA" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  eq(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "AA")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a = "AA" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("AA", "Aa", "aA", "aa"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a = "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  eq(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "aa")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a = "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("AA", "Aa", "aA", "aa"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a >= "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  ge(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "aa")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a >= "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(
		"AA", "AB", "Aa", "Ab", "B", "BA", "BB", "Ba", "Bb", "aA", "aB", "aa", "ab", "b", "bA", "bB", "ba", "bb"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a > "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  gt(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "aa")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a > "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(
		"AB", "Ab", "B", "BA", "BB", "Ba", "Bb", "aB", "ab", "b", "bA", "bB", "ba", "bb"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a <= "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  le(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "aa")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a <= "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(
		"A", "AA", "Aa", "a", "aA", "aa"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a < "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  lt(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "aa")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a < "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(
		"A", "a"))

	tk.MustExec("drop table t")
	tk.MustExec(` create table t (a varchar(255) charset utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_general_ci) partition by range columns (a)
(partition p0 values less than ("A"),
 partition p1 values less than ("aa"),
 partition p2 values less than ("AAA"),
 partition p3 values less than ("aaaa"),
 partition p4 values less than ("B"),
 partition p5 values less than ("bb"),
 partition pMax values less than (MAXVALUE))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values ("A"),("a"),("b"),("B"),("aa"),("AA"),("aA"),("Aa"),("BB"),("Bb"),("bB"),("bb"),("AB"),("BA"),("Ab"),("Ba"),("aB"),("bA"),("ab"),("ba"),("ä"),("ÄÄÄ")`)
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a = "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 10.00 root partition:p2 data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 10.00 cop[tikv]  eq(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "aa")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a = "aa" collate utf8mb4_general_ci`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(
		"AA", "Aa", "aA", "aa"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a = "aa" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:p2 data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  eq(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "aa")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a = "aa" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("aa"))
	// 'a' < 'b' < 'ä' in _bin
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a = "ä" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:p1 data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  eq(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "ä")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a = "ä" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("ä"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a = "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:p5 data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  eq(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "b")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a = "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("b"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a <= "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  le(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "b")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a <= "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("A", "AA", "AB", "Aa", "Ab", "B", "BA", "BB", "Ba", "Bb", "a", "aA", "aB", "aa", "ab", "b"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a < "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  lt(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "b")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	// Missing upper case B if not p5 is included!
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a < "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("A", "AA", "AB", "Aa", "Ab", "B", "BA", "BB", "Ba", "Bb", "a", "aA", "aB", "aa", "ab"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a >= "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  ge(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "b")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a >= "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("b", "bA", "bB", "ba", "bb", "ÄÄÄ", "ä"))
	tk.MustQuery(`explain select * from t where a > "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		`TableReader_7 8000.00 root partition:all data:Selection_6`,
		`└─Selection_6 8000.00 cop[tikv]  gt(partitionrangecolumnscollate.t.a, "b")`,
		`  └─TableFullScan_5 10000.00 cop[tikv] table:t keep order:false, stats:pseudo`))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t where a > "b" collate utf8mb4_bin`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("bA", "bB", "ba", "bb", "ÄÄÄ", "ä"))
}

func TestDisableTablePartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	for _, v := range []string{"'AUTO'", "'OFF'", "0", "'ON'"} {
		tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_table_partition = " + v)
		tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = OFF")
		tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t")
		tk.MustExec(`create table t (id int) partition by list  (id) (
	    partition p0 values in (1,2),partition p1 values in (3,4));`)
		tbl := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "t")
		require.Nil(t, tbl.Meta().Partition)
		_, err := tk.Exec(`alter table t add partition (
		partition p4 values in (7),
		partition p5 values in (8,9));`)
		require.True(t, dbterror.ErrPartitionMgmtOnNonpartitioned.Equal(err))
		tk.MustExec("insert into t values (1),(3),(5),(100),(null)")
	}
}

func generatePartitionTableByNum(num int) string {
	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, 1024*1024))
	buf.WriteString("create table gen_t (id int) partition by list  (id) (")
	for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
		if i > 0 {
			buf.WriteString(",")
		}
		buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("partition p%v values in (%v)", i, i))
	}
	buf.WriteString(")")
	return buf.String()
}

func TestCreateTableWithListPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t, mockstore.WithDDLChecker())

	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t")
	type errorCase struct {
		sql string
		err *terror.Error
	}
	cases := []errorCase{
		{
			"create table t (id int) partition by list (id);",
			ast.ErrPartitionsMustBeDefined,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list (b) (partition p0 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrBadField,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id timestamp) partition by list (id) (partition p0 values in ('2019-01-09 11:23:34'));",
			dbterror.ErrValuesIsNotIntType,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id decimal) partition by list (id) (partition p0 values in ('2019-01-09 11:23:34'));",
			dbterror.ErrValuesIsNotIntType,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id float) partition by list (id) (partition p0 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id double) partition by list (id) (partition p0 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id text) partition by list (id) (partition p0 values in ('abc'));",
			dbterror.ErrValuesIsNotIntType,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id blob) partition by list (id) (partition p0 values in ('abc'));",
			dbterror.ErrValuesIsNotIntType,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id enum('a','b')) partition by list (id) (partition p0 values in ('a'));",
			dbterror.ErrValuesIsNotIntType,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id set('a','b')) partition by list (id) (partition p0 values in ('a'));",
			dbterror.ErrValuesIsNotIntType,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p0 values in (2));",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition P0 values in (2));",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id bigint) partition by list (cast(id as unsigned)) (partition p0 values in (1))",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id float) partition by list (ceiling(id)) (partition p0 values in (1))",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionFuncNotAllowed,
		},
		{
			"create table t(b char(10)) partition by range columns (b) (partition p1 values less than ('G' collate utf8mb4_unicode_ci));",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionFunctionIsNotAllowed,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a date) partition by list (to_days(to_days(a))) (partition p0 values in (1), partition P1 values in (2));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p1 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p1 values in (+1));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (null), partition p1 values in (NULL));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			`create table t1 (id int key, name varchar(10), unique index idx(name)) partition by list  (id) (
				    partition p0 values in (3,5,6,9,17),
				    partition p1 values in (1,2,10,11,19,20),
				    partition p2 values in (4,12,13,14,18),
				    partition p3 values in (7,8,15,16)
				);`,
			dbterror.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf,
		},
		{
			generatePartitionTableByNum(mysql.PartitionCountLimit + 1),
			dbterror.ErrTooManyPartitions,
		},
	}
	for i, tt := range cases {
		_, err := tk.Exec(tt.sql)
		require.Truef(t, tt.err.Equal(err),
			"case %d fail, sql = `%s`\nexpected error = `%v`\n  actual error = `%v`",
			i, tt.sql, tt.err, err,
		)
	}

	validCases := []string{
		"create table t (a int) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (1));",
		"create table t (a bigint unsigned) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (18446744073709551615));",
		"create table t (a bigint unsigned) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (18446744073709551615 - 1));",
		"create table t (a int) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (1,null));",
		"create table t (a int) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p1 values in (2));",
		`create table t (id int, name varchar(10), age int) partition by list (id) (
			partition p0 values in (3,5,6,9,17),
			partition p1 values in (1,2,10,11,19,20),
			partition p2 values in (4,12,13,-14,18),
			partition p3 values in (7,8,15,+16)
		);`,
		"create table t (id year) partition by list (id) (partition p0 values in (2000));",
		"create table t (a tinyint) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (65536));",
		"create table t (a tinyint) partition by list (a*100) (partition p0 values in (65536));",
		"create table t (a bigint) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (to_seconds('2020-09-28 17:03:38'),to_seconds('2020-09-28 17:03:39')));",
		"create table t (a datetime) partition by list (to_seconds(a)) (partition p0 values in (to_seconds('2020-09-28 17:03:38'),to_seconds('2020-09-28 17:03:39')));",
		"create table t (a int, b int generated always as (a+1) virtual) partition by list (b + 1) (partition p0 values in (1));",
		"create table t(a binary) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (X'0C'));",
		generatePartitionTableByNum(mysql.PartitionCountLimit),
	}

	for id, sql := range validCases {
		tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t")
		tk.MustExec(sql)
		tblName := "t"
		if id == len(validCases)-1 {
			tblName = "gen_t"
		}
		tbl := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", tblName)
		tblInfo := tbl.Meta()
		require.NotNil(t, tblInfo.Partition)
		require.True(t, tblInfo.Partition.Enable)
		require.Equal(t, model.PartitionTypeList, tblInfo.Partition.Type)
	}
}

func TestCreateTableWithListColumnsPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t, mockstore.WithDDLChecker())

	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t")
	type errorCase struct {
		sql string
		err *terror.Error
	}
	cases := []errorCase{
		{
			"create table t (id int) partition by list columns (id);",
			ast.ErrPartitionsMustBeDefined,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list columns (b) (partition p0 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrFieldNotFoundPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id timestamp) partition by list columns (id) (partition p0 values in ('2019-01-09 11:23:34'));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id decimal) partition by list columns (id) (partition p0 values in ('2019-01-09 11:23:34'));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id year) partition by list columns (id) (partition p0 values in (2000));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id float) partition by list columns (id) (partition p0 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id double) partition by list columns (id) (partition p0 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id text) partition by list columns (id) (partition p0 values in ('abc'));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id blob) partition by list columns (id) (partition p0 values in ('abc'));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id enum('a','b')) partition by list columns (id) (partition p0 values in ('a'));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (id set('a','b')) partition by list columns (id) (partition p0 values in ('a'));",
			dbterror.ErrNotAllowedTypeInPartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a varchar(2)) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('abc'));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a tinyint) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (65536));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a bigint) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (18446744073709551615));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a bigint unsigned) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (-1));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a char) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('abc'));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a datetime) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('2020-11-31 12:00:00'));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p0 values in (2));",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition P0 values in (2));",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartition,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p1 values in (1));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p1 values in (+1));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a tinyint) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p1 values in (+1));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a mediumint) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p1 values in (+1));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a bigint) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p1 values in (+1));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a bigint) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1,+1))",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (null), partition p1 values in (NULL));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a bigint, b int) partition by list columns (a,b) (partition p0 values in ((1,2),(1,2)))",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a bigint, b int) partition by list columns (a,b) (partition p0 values in ((1,1),(2,2)), partition p1 values in ((+1,1)));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t1 (a int, b int) partition by list columns(a,a) ( partition p values in ((1,1)));",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartitionField,
		},
		{
			"create table t1 (a int, b int) partition by list columns(a,b,b) ( partition p values in ((1,1,1)));",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartitionField,
		},
		{
			`create table t1 (id int key, name varchar(10), unique index idx(name)) partition by list columns (id) (
				    partition p0 values in (3,5,6,9,17),
				    partition p1 values in (1,2,10,11,19,20),
				    partition p2 values in (4,12,13,14,18),
				    partition p3 values in (7,8,15,16)
				);`,
			dbterror.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a date) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('2020-02-02'), partition p1 values in ('20200202'));",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int, b varchar(10)) partition by list columns (a,b) (partition p0 values in (1));",
			ast.ErrPartitionColumnList,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int, b varchar(10)) partition by list columns (a,b) (partition p0 values in (('ab','ab')));",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a int, b datetime) partition by list columns (a,b) (partition p0 values in ((1)));",
			ast.ErrPartitionColumnList,
		},
		{
			"create table t(b int) partition by hash ( b ) partitions 3 (partition p1, partition p2, partition p2);",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartition,
		},
	}
	for i, tt := range cases {
		_, err := tk.Exec(tt.sql)
		require.Truef(t, tt.err.Equal(err),
			"case %d fail, sql = `%s`\nexpected error = `%v`\n  actual error = `%v`",
			i, tt.sql, tt.err, err,
		)
	}

	validCases := []string{
		"create table t (a int) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1));",
		"create table t (a bigint unsigned) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (18446744073709551615));",
		"create table t (a bigint unsigned) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (18446744073709551615 - 1));",
		"create table t (a int) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1,null));",
		"create table t (a int) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1), partition p1 values in (2));",
		`create table t (id int, name varchar(10), age int) partition by list columns (id) (
			partition p0 values in (3,5,6,9,17),
			partition p1 values in (1,2,10,11,19,20),
			partition p2 values in (4,12,13,-14,18),
			partition p3 values in (7,8,15,+16)
		);`,
		"create table t (a datetime) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('2020-09-28 17:03:38','2020-09-28 17:03:39'));",
		"create table t (a date) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('2020-09-28','2020-09-29'));",
		"create table t (a bigint, b date) partition by list columns (a,b) (partition p0 values in ((1,'2020-09-28'),(1,'2020-09-29')));",
		"create table t (a bigint)   partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (to_seconds('2020-09-28 17:03:38'),to_seconds('2020-09-28 17:03:39')));",
		"create table t (a varchar(10)) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('abc'));",
		"create table t (a char) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('a'));",
		"create table t (a bool) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1));",
		"create table t (c1 bool, c2 tinyint, c3 int, c4 bigint, c5 datetime, c6 date,c7 varchar(10), c8 char) " +
			"partition by list columns (c1,c2,c3,c4,c5,c6,c7,c8) (" +
			"partition p0 values in ((1,2,3,4,'2020-11-30 00:00:01', '2020-11-30','abc','a')));",
		"create table t (a int, b int generated always as (a+1) virtual) partition by list columns (b) (partition p0 values in (1));",
		"create table t(a int,b char(10)) partition by list columns (a, b) (partition p1 values in ((2, 'a'), (1, 'b')), partition p2 values in ((2, 'b')));",
	}

	for _, sql := range validCases {
		tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t")
		tk.MustExec(sql)
		tbl := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "t")
		tblInfo := tbl.Meta()
		require.NotNil(t, tblInfo.Partition)
		require.Equal(t, true, tblInfo.Partition.Enable)
		require.True(t, tblInfo.Partition.Type == model.PartitionTypeList)
	}
}

func TestAlterTableAddPartitionByList(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (id int) partition by list  (id) (
	    partition p0 values in (1,2),
	    partition p1 values in (3,4),
	    partition p3 values in (5,null)
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t add partition (
		partition p4 values in (7),
		partition p5 values in (8,9));`)

	ctx := tk.Session()
	is := domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	tbl, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("t"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().Partition)
	part := tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.True(t, part.Type == model.PartitionTypeList)

	require.Equal(t, "`id`", part.Expr)
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 5)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"1"}, {"2"}}, part.Definitions[0].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p0"), part.Definitions[0].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"3"}, {"4"}}, part.Definitions[1].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p1"), part.Definitions[1].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"5"}, {"NULL"}}, part.Definitions[2].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p3"), part.Definitions[2].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"7"}}, part.Definitions[3].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p4"), part.Definitions[3].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"8"}, {"9"}}, part.Definitions[4].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p5"), part.Definitions[4].Name)

	errorCases := []struct {
		sql string
		err *terror.Error
	}{
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p4 values in (7))",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartition,
		},
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p6 values less than (7))",
			ast.ErrPartitionWrongValues,
		},
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p6 values in (null))",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p6 values in (7))",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p6 values in ('a'))",
			dbterror.ErrValuesIsNotIntType,
		},
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p5 values in (10),partition p6 values in (7))",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartition,
		},
	}

	for i, tt := range errorCases {
		_, err := tk.Exec(tt.sql)
		require.Truef(t, tt.err.Equal(err),
			"case %d fail, sql = `%s`\nexpected error = `%v`\n  actual error = `%v`",
			i, tt.sql, tt.err, err,
		)
	}

	errorCases2 := []struct {
		create string
		alter  string
		err    *terror.Error
	}{
		{
			"create table t (a bigint unsigned) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1));",
			"alter table t add partition (partition p1 values in (-1))",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a varchar(2)) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('a','b'));",
			"alter table t add partition (partition p1 values in ('abc'))",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a tinyint) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1,2,3));",
			"alter table t add partition (partition p1 values in (65536))",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a bigint) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in (1,2,3));",
			"alter table t add partition (partition p1 values in (18446744073709551615))",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a char) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('a','b'));",
			"alter table t add partition (partition p1 values in ('abc'))",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
		{
			"create table t (a datetime) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('2020-11-30 12:00:00'));",
			"alter table t add partition (partition p1 values in ('2020-11-31 12:00:00'))",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
	}

	for i, tt := range errorCases2 {
		tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
		tk.MustExec(tt.create)
		_, err := tk.Exec(tt.alter)
		require.Truef(t, tt.err.Equal(err),
			"case %d fail, sql = `%s`\nexpected error = `%v`\n  actual error = `%v`",
			i, tt.alter, tt.err, err,
		)
	}
}

func TestAlterTableAddPartitionByListColumns(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (id int, name varchar(10)) partition by list columns (id,name) (
	    partition p0 values in ((1,'a'),(2,'b')),
	    partition p1 values in ((3,'a'),(4,'b')),
	    partition p3 values in ((5,null))
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t add partition (
		partition p4 values in ((7,'a')),
		partition p5 values in ((8,'a')));`)

	ctx := tk.Session()
	is := domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	tbl, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("t"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().Partition)
	part := tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.True(t, part.Type == model.PartitionTypeList)

	require.Equal(t, "", part.Expr)
	require.Equal(t, "id", part.Columns[0].O)
	require.Equal(t, "name", part.Columns[1].O)
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 5)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"1", `'a'`}, {"2", `'b'`}}, part.Definitions[0].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p0"), part.Definitions[0].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"3", `'a'`}, {"4", `'b'`}}, part.Definitions[1].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p1"), part.Definitions[1].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"5", `NULL`}}, part.Definitions[2].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p3"), part.Definitions[2].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"7", `'a'`}}, part.Definitions[3].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p4"), part.Definitions[3].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"8", `'a'`}}, part.Definitions[4].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p5"), part.Definitions[4].Name)

	errorCases := []struct {
		sql string
		err *terror.Error
	}{
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p4 values in ((7,'b')))",
			dbterror.ErrSameNamePartition,
		},
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p6 values less than ((7,'a')))",
			ast.ErrPartitionWrongValues,
		},
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p6 values in ((5,null)))",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p6 values in ((7,'a')))",
			dbterror.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart,
		},
		{"alter table t add partition (partition p6 values in (('a','a')))",
			dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue,
		},
	}

	for i, tt := range errorCases {
		_, err := tk.Exec(tt.sql)
		require.Truef(t, tt.err.Equal(err),
			"case %d fail, sql = `%s`\nexpected error = `%v`\n  actual error = `%v`",
			i, tt.sql, tt.err, err,
		)
	}
}

func TestAlterTableDropPartitionByList(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (id int) partition by list  (id) (
	    partition p0 values in (1,2),
	    partition p1 values in (3,4),
	    partition p3 values in (5,null)
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (1),(3),(5),(null)`)
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t drop partition p1`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("1", "5", "<nil>"))
	ctx := tk.Session()
	is := domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	tbl, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("t"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().Partition)
	part := tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.True(t, part.Type == model.PartitionTypeList)
	require.Equal(t, "`id`", part.Expr)
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 2)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"1"}, {"2"}}, part.Definitions[0].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p0"), part.Definitions[0].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"5"}, {"NULL"}}, part.Definitions[1].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p3"), part.Definitions[1].Name)

	sql := "alter table t drop partition p10;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql, errno.ErrDropPartitionNonExistent)
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t drop partition p3`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))
	sql = "alter table t drop partition p0;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql, errno.ErrDropLastPartition)
}

func TestAlterTableDropPartitionByListColumns(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (id int, name varchar(10)) partition by list columns (id,name) (
	    partition p0 values in ((1,'a'),(2,'b')),
	    partition p1 values in ((3,'a'),(4,'b')),
	    partition p3 values in ((5,'a'),(null,null))
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (1,'a'),(3,'a'),(5,'a'),(null,null)`)
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t drop partition p1`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("1 a", "5 a", "<nil> <nil>"))
	ctx := tk.Session()
	is := domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	tbl, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("t"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().Partition)
	part := tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.True(t, part.Type == model.PartitionTypeList)
	require.Equal(t, "", part.Expr)
	require.Equal(t, "id", part.Columns[0].O)
	require.Equal(t, "name", part.Columns[1].O)
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 2)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"1", `'a'`}, {"2", `'b'`}}, part.Definitions[0].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p0"), part.Definitions[0].Name)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"5", `'a'`}, {"NULL", "NULL"}}, part.Definitions[1].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p3"), part.Definitions[1].Name)

	sql := "alter table t drop partition p10;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql, errno.ErrDropPartitionNonExistent)
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t drop partition p3`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Check(testkit.Rows("1 a"))
	sql = "alter table t drop partition p0;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql, errno.ErrDropLastPartition)
}

func TestAlterTableTruncatePartitionByList(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (id int) partition by list  (id) (
	    partition p0 values in (1,2),
	    partition p1 values in (3,4),
	    partition p3 values in (5,null)
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (1),(3),(5),(null)`)
	oldTbl := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "t")
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t truncate partition p1`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("1", "5", "<nil>"))
	tbl := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "t")
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().Partition)
	part := tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.True(t, part.Type == model.PartitionTypeList)
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 3)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"3"}, {"4"}}, part.Definitions[1].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p1"), part.Definitions[1].Name)
	require.False(t, part.Definitions[1].ID == oldTbl.Meta().Partition.Definitions[1].ID)

	sql := "alter table t truncate partition p10;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql, errno.ErrUnknownPartition)
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t truncate partition p3`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t truncate partition p0`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Check(testkit.Rows())
}

func TestAlterTableTruncatePartitionByListColumns(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (id int, name varchar(10)) partition by list columns (id,name) (
	    partition p0 values in ((1,'a'),(2,'b')),
	    partition p1 values in ((3,'a'),(4,'b')),
	    partition p3 values in ((5,'a'),(null,null))
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (1,'a'),(3,'a'),(5,'a'),(null,null)`)
	oldTbl := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "t")
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t truncate partition p1`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("1 a", "5 a", "<nil> <nil>"))
	tbl := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "t")
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().Partition)
	part := tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.True(t, part.Type == model.PartitionTypeList)
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 3)
	require.Equal(t, [][]string{{"3", `'a'`}, {"4", `'b'`}}, part.Definitions[1].InValues)
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p1"), part.Definitions[1].Name)
	require.False(t, part.Definitions[1].ID == oldTbl.Meta().Partition.Definitions[1].ID)

	sql := "alter table t truncate partition p10;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql, errno.ErrUnknownPartition)
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t truncate partition p3`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Check(testkit.Rows("1 a"))
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t truncate partition p0`)
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t").Check(testkit.Rows())
}

func TestCreateTableWithKeyPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t, mockstore.WithDDLChecker())

	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists tm1;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table tm1
	(
		s1 char(32) primary key
	)
	partition by key(s1) partitions 10;`)

	tk.MustExec(`drop table if exists tm2`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table tm2 (a char(5), unique key(a(5))) partition by key() partitions 5;`)
}

func TestAlterTableAddPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists employees;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table employees (
	id int not null,
	hired date not null
	)
	partition by range( year(hired) ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1991),
		partition p2 values less than (1996),
		partition p3 values less than (2001)
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`alter table employees add partition (
    partition p4 values less than (2010),
    partition p5 values less than MAXVALUE
	);`)

	ctx := tk.Session()
	is := domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	tbl, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("employees"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().Partition)
	part := tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.Equal(t, model.PartitionTypeRange, part.Type)

	require.Equal(t, "YEAR(`hired`)", part.Expr)
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 5)
	require.Equal(t, "1991", part.Definitions[0].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p1"), part.Definitions[0].Name)
	require.Equal(t, "1996", part.Definitions[1].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p2"), part.Definitions[1].Name)
	require.Equal(t, "2001", part.Definitions[2].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p3"), part.Definitions[2].Name)
	require.Equal(t, "2010", part.Definitions[3].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p4"), part.Definitions[3].Name)
	require.Equal(t, "MAXVALUE", part.Definitions[4].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p5"), part.Definitions[4].Name)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists table1;")
	tk.MustExec("create table table1(a int)")
	sql1 := `alter table table1 add partition (
		partition p1 values less than (2010),
		partition p2 values less than maxvalue
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql1, errno.ErrPartitionMgmtOnNonpartitioned)
	tk.MustExec(`create table table_MustBeDefined (
	id int not null,
	hired date not null
	)
	partition by range( year(hired) ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1991),
		partition p2 values less than (1996),
		partition p3 values less than (2001)
	);`)
	sql2 := "alter table table_MustBeDefined add partition"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql2, errno.ErrPartitionsMustBeDefined)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists table2;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table table2 (

	id int not null,
	hired date not null
	)
	partition by range( year(hired) ) (
	partition p1 values less than (1991),
	partition p2 values less than maxvalue
	);`)

	sql3 := `alter table table2 add partition (
		partition p3 values less than (2010)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql3, errno.ErrPartitionMaxvalue)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists table3;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table table3 (
	id int not null,
	hired date not null
	)
	partition by range( year(hired) ) (
	partition p1 values less than (1991),
	partition p2 values less than (2001)
	);`)

	sql4 := `alter table table3 add partition (
		partition p3 values less than (1993)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql4, errno.ErrRangeNotIncreasing)

	sql5 := `alter table table3 add partition (
		partition p1 values less than (1993)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql5, errno.ErrSameNamePartition)

	sql6 := `alter table table3 add partition (
		partition p1 values less than (1993),
		partition p1 values less than (1995)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql6, errno.ErrSameNamePartition)

	sql7 := `alter table table3 add partition (
		partition p4 values less than (1993),
		partition p1 values less than (1995),
		partition p5 values less than maxvalue
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql7, errno.ErrSameNamePartition)

	sql8 := "alter table table3 add partition (partition p6);"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql8, errno.ErrPartitionRequiresValues)

	sql9 := "alter table table3 add partition (partition p7 values in (2018));"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql9, errno.ErrPartitionWrongValues)

	sql10 := "alter table table3 add partition partitions 4;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql10, errno.ErrPartitionsMustBeDefined)

	tk.MustExec("alter table table3 add partition (partition p3 values less than (2001 + 10))")

	// less than value can be negative or expression.
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE tt5 (
		c3 bigint(20) NOT NULL
	) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin
	PARTITION BY RANGE ( c3 ) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (-3),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (-2)
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`ALTER TABLE tt5 add partition ( partition p2 values less than (-1) );`)
	tk.MustExec(`ALTER TABLE tt5 add partition ( partition p3 values less than (5-1) );`)

	// Test add partition for the table partition by range columns.
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec("create table t (a datetime) partition by range columns (a) (partition p1 values less than ('2019-06-01'), partition p2 values less than ('2019-07-01'));")
	sql := "alter table t add partition ( partition p3 values less than ('2019-07-01'));"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql, errno.ErrRangeNotIncreasing)
	tk.MustExec("alter table t add partition ( partition p3 values less than ('2019-08-01'));")

	// Add partition value's type should be the same with the column's type.
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (
		col date not null default '2000-01-01')
                partition by range columns (col) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN ('20190905'),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ('20190906'));`)
	sql = "alter table t add partition (partition p2 values less than (20190907));"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql, errno.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)
}

func TestAlterTableDropPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists employees")
	tk.MustExec(`create table employees (
	id int not null,
	hired int not null
	)
	partition by range( hired ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1991),
		partition p2 values less than (1996),
		partition p3 values less than (2001)
	);`)

	tk.MustExec("alter table employees drop partition p3;")
	ctx := tk.Session()
	is := domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	tbl, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("employees"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().GetPartitionInfo())
	part := tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.Equal(t, model.PartitionTypeRange, part.Type)
	require.Equal(t, "`hired`", part.Expr)
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 2)
	require.Equal(t, "1991", part.Definitions[0].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p1"), part.Definitions[0].Name)
	require.Equal(t, "1996", part.Definitions[1].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p2"), part.Definitions[1].Name)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists table1;")
	tk.MustExec("create table table1 (a int);")
	sql1 := "alter table table1 drop partition p10;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql1, errno.ErrPartitionMgmtOnNonpartitioned)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists table2;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table table2 (
	id int not null,
	hired date not null
	)
	partition by range( year(hired) ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1991),
		partition p2 values less than (1996),
		partition p3 values less than (2001)
	);`)
	sql2 := "alter table table2 drop partition p10;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql2, errno.ErrDropPartitionNonExistent)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists table3;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table table3 (
	id int not null
	)
	partition by range( id ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1991)
	);`)
	sql3 := "alter table table3 drop partition p1;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql3, errno.ErrDropLastPartition)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists table4;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table table4 (
	id int not null
	)
	partition by range( id ) (
		partition p1 values less than (10),
		partition p2 values less than (20),
		partition p3 values less than MAXVALUE
	);`)

	tk.MustExec("alter table table4 drop partition p2;")
	is = domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	tbl, err = is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("table4"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, tbl.Meta().GetPartitionInfo())
	part = tbl.Meta().Partition
	require.Equal(t, model.PartitionTypeRange, part.Type)
	require.Equal(t, "`id`", part.Expr)
	require.Len(t, part.Definitions, 2)
	require.Equal(t, "10", part.Definitions[0].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p1"), part.Definitions[0].Name)
	require.Equal(t, "MAXVALUE", part.Definitions[1].LessThan[0])
	require.Equal(t, model.NewCIStr("p3"), part.Definitions[1].Name)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists tr;")
	tk.MustExec(` create table tr(
		id int, name varchar(50),
		purchased date
	)
	partition by range( year(purchased) ) (
    	partition p0 values less than (1990),
    	partition p1 values less than (1995),
    	partition p2 values less than (2000),
    	partition p3 values less than (2005),
    	partition p4 values less than (2010),
    	partition p5 values less than (2015)
   	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`INSERT INTO tr VALUES
	(1, 'desk organiser', '2003-10-15'),
	(2, 'alarm clock', '1997-11-05'),
	(3, 'chair', '2009-03-10'),
	(4, 'bookcase', '1989-01-10'),
	(5, 'exercise bike', '2014-05-09'),
	(6, 'sofa', '1987-06-05'),
	(7, 'espresso maker', '2011-11-22'),
	(8, 'aquarium', '1992-08-04'),
	(9, 'study desk', '2006-09-16'),
	(10, 'lava lamp', '1998-12-25');`)
	result := tk.MustQuery("select * from tr where purchased between '1995-01-01' and '1999-12-31';")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows(`2 alarm clock 1997-11-05`, `10 lava lamp 1998-12-25`))
	tk.MustExec("alter table tr drop partition p2;")
	result = tk.MustQuery("select * from tr where purchased between '1995-01-01' and '1999-12-31';")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows())

	result = tk.MustQuery("select * from tr where purchased between '2010-01-01' and '2014-12-31';")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows(`5 exercise bike 2014-05-09`, `7 espresso maker 2011-11-22`))
	tk.MustExec("alter table tr drop partition p5;")
	result = tk.MustQuery("select * from tr where purchased between '2010-01-01' and '2014-12-31';")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows())

	tk.MustExec("alter table tr drop partition p4;")
	result = tk.MustQuery("select * from tr where purchased between '2005-01-01' and '2009-12-31';")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows())

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists table4;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table table4 (
		id int not null
	)
	partition by range( id ) (
		partition Par1 values less than (1991),
		partition pAR2 values less than (1992),
		partition Par3 values less than (1995),
		partition PaR5 values less than (1996)
	);`)
	tk.MustExec("alter table table4 drop partition Par2;")
	tk.MustExec("alter table table4 drop partition PAR5;")
	sql4 := "alter table table4 drop partition PAR0;"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql4, errno.ErrDropPartitionNonExistent)

	tk.MustExec("CREATE TABLE t1 (a int(11), b varchar(64)) PARTITION BY HASH(a) PARTITIONS 3")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table t1 drop partition p2", errno.ErrOnlyOnRangeListPartition)
}

func TestMultiPartitionDropAndTruncate(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists employees")
	tk.MustExec(`create table employees (
	hired int not null
	)
	partition by range( hired ) (
		partition p1 values less than (1991),
		partition p2 values less than (1996),
		partition p3 values less than (2001),
		partition p4 values less than (2006),
		partition p5 values less than (2011)
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`INSERT INTO employees VALUES (1990), (1995), (2000), (2005), (2010)`)

	tk.MustExec("alter table employees drop partition p1, p2;")
	result := tk.MustQuery("select * from employees;")
	result.Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(`2000`, `2005`, `2010`))

	tk.MustExec("alter table employees truncate partition p3, p4")
	result = tk.MustQuery("select * from employees;")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows(`2010`))
}

func TestDropPartitionWithGlobalIndex(t *testing.T) {
	restore := config.RestoreFunc()
	defer restore()
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	config.UpdateGlobal(func(conf *config.Config) {
		conf.EnableGlobalIndex = true
	})
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists test_global")
	tk.MustExec(`create table test_global ( a int, b int, c int)
	partition by range( a ) (
		partition p1 values less than (10),
		partition p2 values less than (20)
	);`)
	tt := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "test_global")
	pid := tt.Meta().Partition.Definitions[1].ID

	tk.MustExec("Alter Table test_global Add Unique Index idx_b (b);")
	tk.MustExec("Alter Table test_global Add Unique Index idx_c (c);")
	tk.MustExec(`INSERT INTO test_global VALUES (1, 1, 1), (2, 2, 2), (11, 3, 3), (12, 4, 4)`)

	tk.MustExec("alter table test_global drop partition p2;")
	result := tk.MustQuery("select * from test_global;")
	result.Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(`1 1 1`, `2 2 2`))

	tt = external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "test_global")
	idxInfo := tt.Meta().FindIndexByName("idx_b")
	require.NotNil(t, idxInfo)
	cnt := checkGlobalIndexCleanUpDone(t, tk.Session(), tt.Meta(), idxInfo, pid)
	require.Equal(t, 2, cnt)

	idxInfo = tt.Meta().FindIndexByName("idx_c")
	require.NotNil(t, idxInfo)
	cnt = checkGlobalIndexCleanUpDone(t, tk.Session(), tt.Meta(), idxInfo, pid)
	require.Equal(t, 2, cnt)
	config.UpdateGlobal(func(conf *config.Config) {
		conf.EnableGlobalIndex = false
	})
}

func TestAlterTableExchangePartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists e")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists e2")
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE e (
		id INT NOT NULL
	)
    PARTITION BY RANGE (id) (
        PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (50),
        PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (100),
        PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (150),
        PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE)
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE e2 (
		id INT NOT NULL
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`INSERT INTO e VALUES (1669),(337),(16),(2005)`)

	// enable exchange partition
	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=1")
	defer tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=0")
	tk.MustExec("ALTER TABLE e EXCHANGE PARTITION p0 WITH TABLE e2")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e2").Check(testkit.Rows("16"))
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e").Check(testkit.Rows("1669", "337", "2005"))
	// validation test for range partition
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e EXCHANGE PARTITION p1 WITH TABLE e2", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e EXCHANGE PARTITION p2 WITH TABLE e2", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e EXCHANGE PARTITION p3 WITH TABLE e2", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists e3")

	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE e3 (
		id int not null
	) PARTITION BY HASH (id)
	PARTITIONS 4;`)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e EXCHANGE PARTITION p1 WITH TABLE e3;", errno.ErrPartitionExchangePartTable)
	tk.MustExec("truncate table e2")
	tk.MustExec(`INSERT INTO e3 VALUES (1),(5)`)

	tk.MustExec("ALTER TABLE e3 EXCHANGE PARTITION p1 WITH TABLE e2;")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e3 partition(p0)").Check(testkit.Rows())
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e2").Check(testkit.Rows("1", "5"))

	// validation test for hash partition
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e3 EXCHANGE PARTITION p0 WITH TABLE e2", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e3 EXCHANGE PARTITION p2 WITH TABLE e2", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e3 EXCHANGE PARTITION p3 WITH TABLE e2", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)

	// without validation test
	tk.MustExec("ALTER TABLE e3 EXCHANGE PARTITION p0 with TABLE e2 WITHOUT VALIDATION")

	tk.MustQuery("select * from e3 partition(p0)").Check(testkit.Rows("1", "5"))
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e2").Check(testkit.Rows())

	// more boundary test of range partition
	// for partition p0
	tk.MustExec(`create table e4 (a int) partition by range(a) (
		partition p0 values less than (3),
		partition p1 values less than (6),
        PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (9),
        PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE)
		);`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table e5(a int);`)

	tk.MustExec("insert into e5 values (1)")

	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p1 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p2 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p3 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustExec("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p0 with TABLE e5")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e4 partition(p0)").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))

	// for partition p1
	tk.MustExec("insert into e5 values (3)")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p0 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p2 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p3 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustExec("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p1 with TABLE e5")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e4 partition(p1)").Check(testkit.Rows("3"))

	// for partition p2
	tk.MustExec("insert into e5 values (6)")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p0 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p1 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p3 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustExec("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p2 with TABLE e5")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e4 partition(p2)").Check(testkit.Rows("6"))

	// for partition p3
	tk.MustExec("insert into e5 values (9)")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p0 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p1 WITH TABLE e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table e4 exchange partition p2 with table e5", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)
	tk.MustExec("ALTER TABLE e4 EXCHANGE PARTITION p3 with TABLE e5")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e4 partition(p3)").Check(testkit.Rows("9"))

	// for columns range partition
	tk.MustExec(`create table e6 (a varchar(3)) partition by range columns (a) (
		partition p0 values less than ('3'),
		partition p1 values less than ('6')
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table e7 (a varchar(3));`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into e6 values ('1');`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into e7 values ('2');`)
	tk.MustExec("alter table e6 exchange partition p0 with table e7")

	tk.MustQuery("select * from e6 partition(p0)").Check(testkit.Rows("2"))
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e7").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table e6 exchange partition p1 with table e7", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)

	// validation test for list partition
	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_list_partition=true")
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t1 (store_id int)
	PARTITION BY LIST (store_id) (
		PARTITION pNorth VALUES IN (1, 2, 3, 4, 5),
		PARTITION pEast VALUES IN (6, 7, 8, 9, 10),
		PARTITION pWest VALUES IN (11, 12, 13, 14, 15),
		PARTITION pCentral VALUES IN (16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table t2 (store_id int);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t1 values (1);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t1 values (6);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t1 values (11);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t2 values (3);`)
	tk.MustExec("alter table t1 exchange partition pNorth with table t2")

	tk.MustQuery("select * from t1 partition(pNorth)").Check(testkit.Rows("3"))
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table t1 exchange partition pEast with table t2", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)

	// validation test for list columns partition
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t3 (id int, store_id int)
	PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS (id, store_id) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES IN ((1, 1), (2, 2)),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES IN ((3, 3), (4, 4))
	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table t4 (id int, store_id int);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t3 values (1, 1);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t4 values (2, 2);`)
	tk.MustExec("alter table t3 exchange partition p0 with table t4")
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Warning 1105 after the exchange, please analyze related table of the exchange to update statistics"))

	tk.MustQuery("select * from t3 partition(p0)").Check(testkit.Rows("2 2"))
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table t3 exchange partition p1 with table t4", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchPartition)

	// test exchange partition from different databases
	tk.MustExec("create table e8 (a int) partition by hash(a) partitions 2;")
	tk.MustExec("create database if not exists exchange_partition")
	tk.MustExec("insert into e8 values (1), (3), (5)")
	tk.MustExec("use exchange_partition;")
	tk.MustExec("create table e9 (a int);")
	tk.MustExec("insert into e9 values (7), (9)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table test.e8 exchange partition p1 with table e9")

	tk.MustExec("insert into e9 values (11)")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e9").Check(testkit.Rows("1", "3", "5", "11"))
	tk.MustExec("insert into test.e8 values (11)")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from test.e8").Check(testkit.Rows("7", "9", "11"))

	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec("create table e10 (a int) partition by hash(a) partitions 2")
	tk.MustExec("insert into e10 values (0), (2), (4)")
	tk.MustExec("create table e11 (a int)")
	tk.MustExec("insert into e11 values (1), (3)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e10 exchange partition p1 with table e11")
	tk.MustExec("insert into e11 values (5)")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e11").Check(testkit.Rows("5"))
	tk.MustExec("insert into e10 values (5), (6)")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e10 partition(p0)").Check(testkit.Rows("0", "2", "4", "6"))
	tk.MustQuery("select * from e10 partition(p1)").Check(testkit.Rows("1", "3", "5"))

	// test for column id
	tk.MustExec("create table e12 (a int(1), b int, index (a)) partition by hash(a) partitions 3")
	tk.MustExec("create table e13 (a int(8), b int, index (a));")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e13 drop column b")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e13 add column b int")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table e12 exchange partition p0 with table e13", errno.ErrPartitionExchangeDifferentOption)
	// test for index id
	tk.MustExec("create table e14 (a int, b int, index(a));")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e12 drop index a")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e12 add index (a);")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table e12 exchange partition p0 with table e14", errno.ErrPartitionExchangeDifferentOption)

	// test for tiflash replica
	require.Nil(t, failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/infoschema/mockTiFlashStoreCount", `return(true)`))
	defer func() {
		err := failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/infoschema/mockTiFlashStoreCount")
		require.NoError(t, err)
	}()

	tk.MustExec("create table e15 (a int) partition by hash(a) partitions 1;")
	tk.MustExec("create table e16 (a int)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e15 set tiflash replica 1;")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e16 set tiflash replica 2;")

	e15 := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "e15")
	partition := e15.Meta().Partition

	err := domain.GetDomain(tk.Session()).DDL().UpdateTableReplicaInfo(tk.Session(), partition.Definitions[0].ID, true)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	e16 := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "e16")
	err = domain.GetDomain(tk.Session()).DDL().UpdateTableReplicaInfo(tk.Session(), e16.Meta().ID, true)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table e15 exchange partition p0 with table e16", errno.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata)
	tk.MustExec("drop table e15, e16")

	tk.MustExec("create table e15 (a int) partition by hash(a) partitions 1;")
	tk.MustExec("create table e16 (a int)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e15 set tiflash replica 1;")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e16 set tiflash replica 1;")

	e15 = external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "e15")
	partition = e15.Meta().Partition

	err = domain.GetDomain(tk.Session()).DDL().UpdateTableReplicaInfo(tk.Session(), partition.Definitions[0].ID, true)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	e16 = external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "e16")
	err = domain.GetDomain(tk.Session()).DDL().UpdateTableReplicaInfo(tk.Session(), e16.Meta().ID, true)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	tk.MustExec("alter table e15 exchange partition p0 with table e16")

	e15 = external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "e15")

	partition = e15.Meta().Partition

	require.NotNil(t, e15.Meta().TiFlashReplica)
	require.True(t, e15.Meta().TiFlashReplica.Available)
	require.Equal(t, []int64{partition.Definitions[0].ID}, e15.Meta().TiFlashReplica.AvailablePartitionIDs)

	e16 = external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "e16")
	require.NotNil(t, e16.Meta().TiFlashReplica)
	require.True(t, e16.Meta().TiFlashReplica.Available)

	tk.MustExec("drop table e15, e16")
	tk.MustExec("create table e15 (a int) partition by hash(a) partitions 1;")
	tk.MustExec("create table e16 (a int)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e16 set tiflash replica 1;")

	tk.MustExec("alter table e15 set tiflash replica 1 location labels 'a', 'b';")

	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table e15 exchange partition p0 with table e16", errno.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata)

	tk.MustExec("alter table e16 set tiflash replica 1 location labels 'a', 'b';")

	e15 = external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "e15")
	partition = e15.Meta().Partition

	err = domain.GetDomain(tk.Session()).DDL().UpdateTableReplicaInfo(tk.Session(), partition.Definitions[0].ID, true)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	e16 = external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test", "e16")
	err = domain.GetDomain(tk.Session()).DDL().UpdateTableReplicaInfo(tk.Session(), e16.Meta().ID, true)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	tk.MustExec("alter table e15 exchange partition p0 with table e16")

	tk.MustExec("create table e17 (a int)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e17 set tiflash replica 1")
	tk.MustExec("insert into e17 values (1)")

	tk.MustExec("create table e18 (a int) partition by range (a) (partition p0 values less than (4), partition p1 values less than (10))")
	tk.MustExec("alter table e18 set tiflash replica 1")
	tk.MustExec("insert into e18 values (2)")

	tk.MustExec("alter table e18 exchange partition p0 with table e17")
	tk.MustQuery("select * /*+ read_from_storage(tiflash[e18]) */ from e18").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))
	tk.MustQuery("select * /*+ read_from_storage(tiflash[e17]) */ from e17").Check(testkit.Rows("2"))

	tk.MustExec("create table e19 (a int) partition by hash(a) partitions 1")
	tk.MustExec("create temporary table e20 (a int)")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table e19 exchange partition p0 with table e20", errno.ErrPartitionExchangeTempTable)
}

func TestExchangePartitionTableCompatiable(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	type testCase struct {
		ptSQL       string
		ntSQL       string
		exchangeSQL string
		err         *terror.Error
	}
	cases := []testCase{
		{
			"create table pt (id int not null) partition by hash (id) partitions 4;",
			"create table nt (id int(1) not null);",
			"alter table pt exchange partition p0 with table nt;",
			nil,
		},
		{
			"create table pt1 (id int not null, fname varchar(3)) partition by hash (id) partitions 4;",
			"create table nt1 (id int not null, fname varchar(4));",
			"alter table pt1 exchange partition p0 with table nt1;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt2 (id int not null, salary decimal) partition by hash(id) partitions 4;",
			"create table nt2 (id int not null, salary decimal(3,2));",
			"alter table pt2 exchange partition p0 with table nt2;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt3 (id int not null, salary decimal) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt3 (id int not null, salary decimal(10, 1));",
			"alter table pt3 exchange partition p0 with table nt3",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt4 (id int not null) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt4 (id1 int not null);",
			"alter table pt4 exchange partition p0 with table nt4;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt5 (id int not null, primary key (id)) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt5 (id int not null);",
			"alter table pt5 exchange partition p0 with table nt5;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt6 (id int not null, salary decimal, index idx (id, salary)) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt6 (id int not null, salary decimal, index idx (salary, id));",
			"alter table pt6 exchange partition p0 with table nt6;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt7 (id int not null, index idx (id) invisible) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt7 (id int not null, index idx (id));",
			"alter table pt7 exchange partition p0 with table nt7;",
			nil,
		},
		{
			"create table pt8 (id int not null, index idx (id)) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt8 (id int not null, index id_idx (id));",
			"alter table pt8 exchange partition p0 with table nt8;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			// foreign key test
			// Partition table doesn't support to add foreign keys in mysql
			"create table pt9 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,t_id int not null) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt9 (id int not null primary key auto_increment, t_id int not null,foreign key fk_id (t_id) references pt5(id));",
			"alter table pt9 exchange partition p0 with table nt9;",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionExchangeForeignKey,
		},
		{
			// Generated column (virtual)
			"create table pt10 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(lname,' ')) virtual) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt10 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100));",
			"alter table pt10 exchange partition p0 with table nt10;",
			dbterror.ErrUnsupportedOnGeneratedColumn,
		},
		{
			"create table pt11 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100)) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt11 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(lname, ' ')) virtual);",
			"alter table pt11 exchange partition p0 with table nt11;",
			dbterror.ErrUnsupportedOnGeneratedColumn,
		},
		{

			"create table pt12 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(lname,' ')) stored) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt12 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100));",
			"alter table pt12 exchange partition p0 with table nt12;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt13 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100)) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt13 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(lname, ' ')) stored);",
			"alter table pt13 exchange partition p0 with table nt13;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt14 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(lname, ' ')) virtual) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt14 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(lname, ' ')) virtual);",
			"alter table pt14 exchange partition p0 with table nt14;",
			nil,
		},
		{
			// unique index
			"create table pt15 (id int not null, unique index uk_id (id)) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt15 (id int not null, index uk_id (id));",
			"alter table pt15 exchange partition p0 with table nt15",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			// auto_increment
			"create table pt16 (id int not null primary key auto_increment) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt16 (id int not null primary key);",
			"alter table pt16 exchange partition p0 with table nt16;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			// default
			"create table pt17 (id int not null default 1) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt17 (id int not null);",
			"alter table pt17 exchange partition p0 with table nt17;",
			nil,
		},
		{
			// view test
			"create table pt18 (id int not null) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create view nt18 as select id from nt17;",
			"alter table pt18 exchange partition p0 with table nt18",
			dbterror.ErrCheckNoSuchTable,
		},
		{
			"create table pt19 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(lname, ' ')) stored) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt19 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(lname, ' ')) virtual);",
			"alter table pt19 exchange partition p0 with table nt19;",
			dbterror.ErrUnsupportedOnGeneratedColumn,
		},
		{
			"create table pt20 (id int not null) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt20 (id int default null);",
			"alter table pt20 exchange partition p0 with table nt20;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			// unsigned
			"create table pt21 (id int unsigned) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt21 (id int);",
			"alter table pt21 exchange partition p0 with table nt21;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			// zerofill
			"create table pt22 (id int) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt22 (id int zerofill);",
			"alter table pt22 exchange partition p0 with table nt22;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt23 (id int, lname varchar(10) charset binary) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt23 (id int, lname varchar(10));",
			"alter table pt23 exchange partition p0 with table nt23;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt25 (id int, a datetime on update current_timestamp) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt25 (id int, a datetime);",
			"alter table pt25 exchange partition p0 with table nt25;",
			nil,
		},
		{
			"create table pt26 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(lname, ' ')) virtual) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt26 (id int not null, lname varchar(30), fname varchar(100) generated always as (concat(id, ' ')) virtual);",
			"alter table pt26 exchange partition p0 with table nt26;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt27 (a int key, b int, index(a)) partition by hash(a) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt27 (a int not null, b int, index(a));",
			"alter table pt27 exchange partition p0 with table nt27;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt28 (a int primary key, b int, index(a)) partition by hash(a) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt28 (a int not null, b int, index(a));",
			"alter table pt28 exchange partition p0 with table nt28;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt29 (a int primary key, b int) partition by hash(a) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt29 (a int not null, b int, index(a));",
			"alter table pt29 exchange partition p0 with table nt29;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			"create table pt30 (a int primary key, b int) partition by hash(a) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt30 (a int, b int, unique index(a));",
			"alter table pt30 exchange partition p0 with table nt30;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			// auto_increment
			"create table pt31 (id bigint not null primary key auto_increment) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt31 (id bigint not null primary key);",
			"alter table pt31 exchange partition p0 with table nt31;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			// auto_random
			"create table pt32 (id bigint not null primary key AUTO_RANDOM) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create table nt32 (id bigint not null primary key);",
			"alter table pt32 exchange partition p0 with table nt32;",
			dbterror.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata,
		},
		{
			// global temporary table
			"create table pt33 (id int) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create global temporary table nt33 (id int) on commit delete rows;",
			"alter table pt33 exchange partition p0 with table nt33;",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionExchangeTempTable,
		},
		{
			// local temporary table
			"create table pt34 (id int) partition by hash(id) partitions 1;",
			"create temporary table nt34 (id int);",
			"alter table pt34 exchange partition p0 with table nt34;",
			dbterror.ErrPartitionExchangeTempTable,
		},
	}

	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	err := tk.Session().GetSessionVars().SetSystemVar("tidb_enable_exchange_partition", "1")
	require.NoError(t, err)
	for i, tt := range cases {
		tk.MustExec(tt.ptSQL)
		tk.MustExec(tt.ntSQL)
		if tt.err != nil {
			_, err := tk.Exec(tt.exchangeSQL)
			require.Truef(t, terror.ErrorEqual(err, tt.err),
				"case %d fail, sql = `%s`\nexpected error = `%v`\n  actual error = `%v`",
				i, tt.exchangeSQL, tt.err, err,
			)
		} else {
			tk.MustExec(tt.exchangeSQL)
		}
	}
	err = tk.Session().GetSessionVars().SetSystemVar("tidb_enable_exchange_partition", "0")
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func TestExchangePartitionHook(t *testing.T) {
	store, dom := testkit.CreateMockStoreAndDomain(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	// why use tkCancel, not tk.
	tkCancel := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)

	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=1")
	defer tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=0")

	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec(`create table pt (a int) partition by range(a) (
		partition p0 values less than (3),
		partition p1 values less than (6),
        PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (9),
        PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE)
		);`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table nt(a int);`)

	tk.MustExec(`insert into pt values (0), (4), (7)`)
	tk.MustExec("insert into nt values (1)")

	hook := &ddl.TestDDLCallback{Do: dom}
	dom.DDL().SetHook(hook)

	hookFunc := func(job *model.Job) {
		if job.Type == model.ActionExchangeTablePartition && job.SchemaState != model.StateNone {
			tkCancel.MustExec("use test")
			tkCancel.MustGetErrCode("insert into nt values (5)", errno.ErrRowDoesNotMatchGivenPartitionSet)
		}
	}
	hook.OnJobUpdatedExported.Store(&hookFunc)

	tk.MustExec("alter table pt exchange partition p0 with table nt")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from pt partition(p0)").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))
}

func TestExchangePartitionAutoID(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)

	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=1")
	defer tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=0")

	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec(`create table pt (a int primary key auto_increment) partition by range(a) (
		partition p0 values less than (3),
		partition p1 values less than (6),
        PARTITION p2 values less than (9),
        PARTITION p3 values less than (50000000)
		);`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table nt(a int primary key auto_increment);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into pt values (0), (4)`)
	tk.MustExec("insert into nt values (1)")

	require.NoError(t, failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/ddl/exchangePartitionAutoID", `return(true)`))
	defer func() {
		require.NoError(t, failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/ddl/exchangePartitionAutoID"))
	}()

	tk.MustExec("alter table pt exchange partition p0 with table nt")
	tk.MustExec("insert into nt values (NULL)")
	tk.MustQuery("select count(*) from nt where a >= 4000000").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))
	tk.MustQuery("select count(*) from pt where a >= 4000000").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))
}

func TestTiDBEnableExchangePartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)

	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec(`create table pt (a int primary key auto_increment) partition by range(a) (
		partition p0 values less than (3),
		partition p1 values less than (6),
        PARTITION p2 values less than (9)
		);`)
	// default
	tk.MustExec(`create table nt(a int primary key auto_increment);`)
	tk.MustExec("alter table pt exchange partition p0 with table nt")
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Warning 1105 after the exchange, please analyze related table of the exchange to update statistics"))

	// set tidb_enable_exchange_partition = 0
	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=0")
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Warning 1105 tidb_enable_exchange_partition is always turned on, this variable has been deprecated and will be removed in the future releases"))
	tk.MustExec("alter table pt exchange partition p0 with table nt")
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Warning 1105 after the exchange, please analyze related table of the exchange to update statistics"))

	// set tidb_enable_exchange_partition = 1
	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=1")
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Warning 1105 tidb_enable_exchange_partition is always turned on, this variable has been deprecated and will be removed in the future releases"))
	tk.MustExec("alter table pt exchange partition p0 with table nt")
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Warning 1105 after the exchange, please analyze related table of the exchange to update statistics"))
	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Warning 1105 after the exchange, please analyze related table of the exchange to update statistics"))
}

func TestExchangePartitionExpressIndex(t *testing.T) {
	restore := config.RestoreFunc()
	defer restore()
	config.UpdateGlobal(func(conf *config.Config) {
		// Test for table lock.
		conf.EnableTableLock = true
		conf.Instance.SlowThreshold = 10000
		conf.TiKVClient.AsyncCommit.SafeWindow = 0
		conf.TiKVClient.AsyncCommit.AllowedClockDrift = 0
		conf.Experimental.AllowsExpressionIndex = true
	})
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=1")
	defer tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=0")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists pt1;")
	tk.MustExec("create table pt1(a int, b int, c int) PARTITION BY hash (a) partitions 1;")
	tk.MustExec("alter table pt1 add index idx((a+c));")

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists nt1;")
	tk.MustExec("create table nt1(a int, b int, c int);")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table pt1 exchange partition p0 with table nt1;", errno.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata)

	tk.MustExec("alter table nt1 add column (`_V$_idx_0` bigint(20) generated always as (a+b) virtual);")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table pt1 exchange partition p0 with table nt1;", errno.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata)

	// test different expression index when expression returns same field type
	tk.MustExec("alter table nt1 drop column `_V$_idx_0`;")
	tk.MustExec("alter table nt1 add index idx((b-c));")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table pt1 exchange partition p0 with table nt1;", errno.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata)

	// test different expression index when expression returns different field type
	tk.MustExec("alter table nt1 drop index idx;")
	tk.MustExec("alter table nt1 add index idx((concat(a, b)));")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table pt1 exchange partition p0 with table nt1;", errno.ErrTablesDifferentMetadata)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists nt2;")
	tk.MustExec("create table nt2 (a int, b int, c int)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table nt2 add index idx((a+c))")
	tk.MustExec("alter table pt1 exchange partition p0 with table nt2")
}

func TestAddPartitionTooManyPartitions(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	count := mysql.PartitionCountLimit
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists p1;")
	sql1 := `create table p1 (
		id int not null
	)
	partition by range( id ) (`
	for i := 1; i <= count; i++ {
		sql1 += fmt.Sprintf("partition p%d values less than (%d),", i, i)
	}
	sql1 += "partition p8193 values less than (8193) );"
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql1, errno.ErrTooManyPartitions)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists p2;")
	sql2 := `create table p2 (
		id int not null
	)
	partition by range( id ) (`
	for i := 1; i < count; i++ {
		sql2 += fmt.Sprintf("partition p%d values less than (%d),", i, i)
	}
	sql2 += "partition p8192 values less than (8192) );"

	tk.MustExec(sql2)
	sql3 := `alter table p2 add partition (
	partition p8193 values less than (8193)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql3, errno.ErrTooManyPartitions)
}

func waitGCDeleteRangeDone(t *testing.T, tk *testkit.TestKit, physicalID int64) bool {
	var i int
	for i = 0; i < waitForCleanDataRound; i++ {
		rs, err := tk.Exec("select count(1) from mysql.gc_delete_range_done where element_id = ?", physicalID)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		rows, err := session.ResultSetToStringSlice(context.Background(), tk.Session(), rs)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		val := rows[0][0]
		if val != "0" {
			return true
		}
		time.Sleep(waitForCleanDataInterval)
	}

	return false
}

func checkPartitionDelRangeDone(t *testing.T, tk *testkit.TestKit, store kv.Storage, oldPID int64) {
	startTime := time.Now()
	partitionPrefix := tablecodec.EncodeTablePrefix(oldPID)

	done := waitGCDeleteRangeDone(t, tk, oldPID)
	if !done {
		// Takes too long, give up the check.
		logutil.BgLogger().Info("truncate partition table",
			zap.Int64("id", oldPID),
			zap.Stringer("duration", time.Since(startTime)),
		)
		return
	}

	hasOldPartitionData := true
	ctx := kv.WithInternalSourceType(context.Background(), kv.InternalTxnDDL)
	err := kv.RunInNewTxn(ctx, store, false, func(ctx context.Context, txn kv.Transaction) error {
		it, err := txn.Iter(partitionPrefix, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if !it.Valid() {
			hasOldPartitionData = false
		} else {
			hasOldPartitionData = it.Key().HasPrefix(partitionPrefix)
		}
		it.Close()
		return nil
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.False(t, hasOldPartitionData)
}

func TestTruncatePartitionAndDropTable(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	// Test truncate common table.
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t1;")
	tk.MustExec("create table t1 (id int(11));")
	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		tk.MustExec("insert into t1 values (?)", i)
	}
	result := tk.MustQuery("select count(*) from t1;")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows("100"))
	tk.MustExec("truncate table t1;")
	result = tk.MustQuery("select count(*) from t1")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows("0"))

	// Test drop common table.
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t2;")
	tk.MustExec("create table t2 (id int(11));")
	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		tk.MustExec("insert into t2 values (?)", i)
	}
	result = tk.MustQuery("select count(*) from t2;")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows("100"))
	tk.MustExec("drop table t2;")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("select * from t2;", errno.ErrNoSuchTable)

	// Test truncate table partition.
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t3;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t3(
		id int, name varchar(50),
		purchased date
	)
	partition by range( year(purchased) ) (
    	partition p0 values less than (1990),
    	partition p1 values less than (1995),
    	partition p2 values less than (2000),
    	partition p3 values less than (2005),
    	partition p4 values less than (2010),
    	partition p5 values less than (2015)
   	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t3 values
	(1, 'desk organiser', '2003-10-15'),
	(2, 'alarm clock', '1997-11-05'),
	(3, 'chair', '2009-03-10'),
	(4, 'bookcase', '1989-01-10'),
	(5, 'exercise bike', '2014-05-09'),
	(6, 'sofa', '1987-06-05'),
	(7, 'espresso maker', '2011-11-22'),
	(8, 'aquarium', '1992-08-04'),
	(9, 'study desk', '2006-09-16'),
	(10, 'lava lamp', '1998-12-25');`)
	result = tk.MustQuery("select count(*) from t3;")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows("10"))
	ctx := tk.Session()
	is := domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	oldTblInfo, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("t3"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	// Only one partition id test is taken here.
	tk.MustExec("truncate table t3;")
	oldPID := oldTblInfo.Meta().Partition.Definitions[0].ID
	checkPartitionDelRangeDone(t, tk, store, oldPID)

	// Test drop table partition.
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t4;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t4(
		id int, name varchar(50),
		purchased date
	)
	partition by range( year(purchased) ) (
    	partition p0 values less than (1990),
    	partition p1 values less than (1995),
    	partition p2 values less than (2000),
    	partition p3 values less than (2005),
    	partition p4 values less than (2010),
    	partition p5 values less than (2015)
   	);`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t4 values
	(1, 'desk organiser', '2003-10-15'),
	(2, 'alarm clock', '1997-11-05'),
	(3, 'chair', '2009-03-10'),
	(4, 'bookcase', '1989-01-10'),
	(5, 'exercise bike', '2014-05-09'),
	(6, 'sofa', '1987-06-05'),
	(7, 'espresso maker', '2011-11-22'),
	(8, 'aquarium', '1992-08-04'),
	(9, 'study desk', '2006-09-16'),
	(10, 'lava lamp', '1998-12-25');`)
	result = tk.MustQuery("select count(*) from t4; ")
	result.Check(testkit.Rows("10"))
	is = domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	oldTblInfo, err = is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("t4"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	// Only one partition id test is taken here.
	oldPID = oldTblInfo.Meta().Partition.Definitions[1].ID
	tk.MustExec("drop table t4;")
	checkPartitionDelRangeDone(t, tk, store, oldPID)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("select * from t4;", errno.ErrNoSuchTable)

	// Test truncate table partition reassigns new partitionIDs.
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t5;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_table_partition=1;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t5(
		id int, name varchar(50),
		purchased date
	)
	partition by range( year(purchased) ) (
    	partition p0 values less than (1990),
    	partition p1 values less than (1995),
    	partition p2 values less than (2000),
    	partition p3 values less than (2005),
    	partition p4 values less than (2010),
    	partition p5 values less than (2015)
   	);`)
	is = domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	oldTblInfo, err = is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("t5"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	oldPID = oldTblInfo.Meta().Partition.Definitions[0].ID

	tk.MustExec("truncate table t5;")
	is = domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	newTblInfo, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("t5"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	newPID := newTblInfo.Meta().Partition.Definitions[0].ID
	require.True(t, oldPID != newPID)

	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_table_partition = 1;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists clients;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table clients (
		id int,
		fname varchar(30),
		lname varchar(30),
		signed date
	)
	partition by hash( month(signed) )
	partitions 12;`)
	is = domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	oldTblInfo, err = is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("clients"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	oldDefs := oldTblInfo.Meta().Partition.Definitions

	// Test truncate `hash partitioned table` reassigns new partitionIDs.
	tk.MustExec("truncate table clients;")
	is = domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	newTblInfo, err = is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("clients"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	newDefs := newTblInfo.Meta().Partition.Definitions
	for i := 0; i < len(oldDefs); i++ {
		require.True(t, oldDefs[i].ID != newDefs[i].ID)
	}
}

func TestPartitionUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists part1;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table part1 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		unique key (col1, col2)
	)
	partition by range( col1 + col2 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists part2;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table part2 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		unique key (col1, col2, col3),
		unique key (col3)
	)
	partition by range( col3 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists part3;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table part3 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		primary key(col1, col2)
	)
	partition by range( col1 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists part4;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table part4 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		primary key(col1, col2),
		unique key(col2)
	)
	partition by range( year(col2)  ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists part5;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table part5 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		primary key(col1, col2, col4),
		unique key(col2, col1)
	)
	partition by range( col1 + col2 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists Part1;")
	sql1 := `create table Part1 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		unique key (col1, col2)
	)
	partition by range( col3 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql1, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists Part1;")
	sql2 := `create table Part1 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		unique key (col1),
		unique key (col3)
	)
	partition by range( col1 + col3 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql2, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists Part1;")
	sql3 := `create table Part1 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		unique key (col1),
		unique key (col3)
	)
	partition by range( col3 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql3, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists Part1;")
	sql4 := `create table Part1 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		unique key (col1, col2, col3),
		unique key (col3)
	)
	partition by range( col1 + col3 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql4, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists Part1;")
	sql5 := `create table Part1 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		primary key(col1, col2)
	)
	partition by range( col3 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql5, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists Part1;")
	sql6 := `create table Part1 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		primary key(col1, col3),
		unique key(col2)
	)
	partition by range( year(col2)  ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql6, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists Part1;")
	sql7 := `create table Part1 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		primary key(col1, col3, col4),
		unique key(col2, col1)
	)
	partition by range( col1 + col2 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql7, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists part6;")
	sql8 := `create table part6 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 date not null,
		col3 int not null,
		col4 int not null,
		col5 int not null,
		unique key(col1, col2),
		unique key(col1, col3)
	)
	partition by range( col1 + col2 ) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql8, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	sql9 := `create table part7 (
		col1 int not null,
		col2 int not null,
		col3 int not null unique,
		unique key(col1, col2)
	)
	partition by range (col1 + col2) (
	partition p1 values less than (11),
	partition p2 values less than (15)
	)`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql9, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	sql10 := `create table part8 (
                 a int not null,
                 b int not null,
                 c int default null,
                 d int default null,
                 e int default null,
                 primary key (a, b),
                 unique key (c, d)
        )
        partition by range columns (b) (
               partition p0 values less than (4),
               partition p1 values less than (7),
               partition p2 values less than (11)
        )`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql10, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	sql11 := `create table part9 (
                 a int not null,
                 b int not null,
                 c int default null,
                 d int default null,
                 e int default null,
                 primary key (a, b),
                 unique key (b, c, d)
        )
        partition by range columns (b, c) (
               partition p0 values less than (4, 5),
               partition p1 values less than (7, 9),
               partition p2 values less than (11, 22)
        )`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql11, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)

	sql12 := `create table part12 (a varchar(20), b binary, unique index (a(5))) partition by range columns (a) (
			partition p0 values less than ('aaaaa'),
			partition p1 values less than ('bbbbb'),
			partition p2 values less than ('ccccc'))`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql12, errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)
	tk.MustExec(`create table part12 (a varchar(20), b binary) partition by range columns (a) (
			partition p0 values less than ('aaaaa'),
			partition p1 values less than ('bbbbb'),
			partition p2 values less than ('ccccc'))`)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table part12 add unique index (a(5))", errno.ErrUniqueKeyNeedAllFieldsInPf)
	sql13 := `create table part13 (a varchar(20), b varchar(10), unique index (a(5),b)) partition by range columns (b) (
			partition p0 values less than ('aaaaa'),
			partition p1 values less than ('bbbbb'),
			partition p2 values less than ('ccccc'))`
	tk.MustExec(sql13)
}

func TestPartitionDropPrimaryKey(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	idxName := "primary"
	addIdxSQL := "alter table partition_drop_idx add primary key idx1 (c1);"
	dropIdxSQL := "alter table partition_drop_idx drop primary key;"
	testPartitionDropIndex(t, store, 50*time.Millisecond, idxName, addIdxSQL, dropIdxSQL)
}

func TestPartitionDropIndex(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	idxName := "idx1"
	addIdxSQL := "alter table partition_drop_idx add index idx1 (c1);"
	dropIdxSQL := "alter table partition_drop_idx drop index idx1;"
	testPartitionDropIndex(t, store, 50*time.Millisecond, idxName, addIdxSQL, dropIdxSQL)
}

func testPartitionDropIndex(t *testing.T, store kv.Storage, lease time.Duration, idxName, addIdxSQL, dropIdxSQL string) {
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	done := make(chan error, 1)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_drop_idx;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table partition_drop_idx (
		c1 int, c2 int, c3 int
	)
	partition by range( c1 ) (
    	partition p0 values less than (3),
    	partition p1 values less than (5),
    	partition p2 values less than (7),
    	partition p3 values less than (11),
    	partition p4 values less than (15),
    	partition p5 values less than (20),
		partition p6 values less than (maxvalue)
   	);`)

	num := 20
	for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
		tk.MustExec("insert into partition_drop_idx values (?, ?, ?)", i, i, i)
	}
	tk.MustExec(addIdxSQL)

	testutil.ExecMultiSQLInGoroutine(store, "test", []string{dropIdxSQL}, done)
	ticker := time.NewTicker(lease / 2)
	defer ticker.Stop()
LOOP:
	for {
		select {
		case err := <-done:
			if err == nil {
				break LOOP
			}
			require.NoError(t, err)
		case <-ticker.C:
			step := 10
			rand.Seed(time.Now().Unix())
			for i := num; i < num+step; i++ {
				n := rand.Intn(num)
				tk.MustExec("update partition_drop_idx set c2 = 1 where c1 = ?", n)
				tk.MustExec("insert into partition_drop_idx values (?, ?, ?)", i, i, i)
			}
			num += step
		}
	}
	tk.MustExec("drop table partition_drop_idx;")
}

func TestPartitionAddPrimaryKey(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	testPartitionAddIndexOrPK(t, tk, "primary key")
}

func TestPartitionAddIndex(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	testPartitionAddIndexOrPK(t, tk, "index")
}

func testPartitionAddIndexOrPK(t *testing.T, tk *testkit.TestKit, key string) {
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec(`create table partition_add_idx (
	id int not null,
	hired date not null
	)
	partition by range( year(hired) ) (
	partition p1 values less than (1991),
	partition p3 values less than (2001),
	partition p4 values less than (2004),
	partition p5 values less than (2008),
	partition p6 values less than (2012),
	partition p7 values less than (2018)
	);`)
	testPartitionAddIndex(tk, t, key)

	// test hash partition table.
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_table_partition = '1';")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_add_idx")
	tk.MustExec(`create table partition_add_idx (
	id int not null,
	hired date not null
	) partition by hash( year(hired) ) partitions 4;`)
	testPartitionAddIndex(tk, t, key)

	// Test hash partition for pr 10475.
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t1")
	defer tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t1")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_table_partition = '1';")
	tk.MustExec("create table t1 (a int, b int, unique key(a)) partition by hash(a) partitions 5;")
	tk.MustExec("insert into t1 values (0,0),(1,1),(2,2),(3,3);")
	tk.MustExec(fmt.Sprintf("alter table t1 add %s idx(a)", key))
	tk.MustExec("admin check table t1;")

	// Test range partition for pr 10475.
	tk.MustExec("drop table t1")
	tk.MustExec("create table t1 (a int, b int, unique key(a)) partition by range (a) (partition p0 values less than (10), partition p1 values less than (20));")
	tk.MustExec("insert into t1 values (0,0);")
	tk.MustExec(fmt.Sprintf("alter table t1 add %s idx(a)", key))
	tk.MustExec("admin check table t1;")
}

func testPartitionAddIndex(tk *testkit.TestKit, t *testing.T, key string) {
	idxName1 := "idx1"

	f := func(end int, isPK bool) string {
		dml := "insert into partition_add_idx values"
		for i := 0; i < end; i++ {
			dVal := 1988 + rand.Intn(30)
			if isPK {
				dVal = 1518 + i
			}
			dml += fmt.Sprintf("(%d, '%d-01-01')", i, dVal)
			if i != end-1 {
				dml += ","
			}
		}
		return dml
	}
	var dml string
	if key == "primary key" {
		idxName1 = "primary"
		// For the primary key, hired must be unique.
		dml = f(500, true)
	} else {
		dml = f(500, false)
	}
	tk.MustExec(dml)

	tk.MustExec(fmt.Sprintf("alter table partition_add_idx add %s idx1 (hired)", key))
	tk.MustExec("alter table partition_add_idx add index idx2 (id, hired)")
	ctx := tk.Session()
	is := domain.GetDomain(ctx).InfoSchema()
	tt, err := is.TableByName(model.NewCIStr("test"), model.NewCIStr("partition_add_idx"))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	var idx1 table.Index
	for _, idx := range tt.Indices() {
		if idx.Meta().Name.L == idxName1 {
			idx1 = idx
			break
		}
	}
	require.NotNil(t, idx1)

	tk.MustQuery(fmt.Sprintf("select count(hired) from partition_add_idx use index(%s)", idxName1)).Check(testkit.Rows("500"))
	tk.MustQuery("select count(id) from partition_add_idx use index(idx2)").Check(testkit.Rows("500"))

	tk.MustExec("admin check table partition_add_idx")
	tk.MustExec("drop table partition_add_idx")
}

func TestDropSchemaWithPartitionTable(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("drop database if exists test_db_with_partition")
	tk.MustExec("create database test_db_with_partition")
	tk.MustExec("use test_db_with_partition")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t_part (a int key)
		partition by range(a) (
		partition p0 values less than (10),
		partition p1 values less than (20)
		);`)
	tk.MustExec("insert into t_part values (1),(2),(11),(12);")
	ctx := tk.Session()
	tbl := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test_db_with_partition", "t_part")

	// check records num before drop database.
	recordsNum := getPartitionTableRecordsNum(t, ctx, tbl.(table.PartitionedTable))
	require.Equal(t, 4, recordsNum)

	tk.MustExec("drop database if exists test_db_with_partition")

	// check job args.
	rs, err := tk.Exec("admin show ddl jobs")
	require.NoError(t, err)
	rows, err := session.GetRows4Test(context.Background(), tk.Session(), rs)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	row := rows[0]
	require.Equal(t, "drop schema", row.GetString(3))
	jobID := row.GetInt64(0)

	var tableIDs []int64
	historyJob, err := ddl.GetHistoryJobByID(tk.Session(), jobID)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	err = historyJob.DecodeArgs(&tableIDs)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	// There is 2 partitions.
	require.Equal(t, 3, len(tableIDs))

	startTime := time.Now()
	done := waitGCDeleteRangeDone(t, tk, tableIDs[2])
	if !done {
		// Takes too long, give up the check.
		logutil.BgLogger().Info("drop schema",
			zap.Int64("id", tableIDs[0]),
			zap.Stringer("duration", time.Since(startTime)),
		)
		return
	}

	// check records num after drop database.
	for i := 0; i < waitForCleanDataRound; i++ {
		recordsNum = getPartitionTableRecordsNum(t, ctx, tbl.(table.PartitionedTable))
		if recordsNum != 0 {
			time.Sleep(waitForCleanDataInterval)
		} else {
			break
		}
	}
	require.Equal(t, 0, recordsNum)
}

func getPartitionTableRecordsNum(t *testing.T, ctx sessionctx.Context, tbl table.PartitionedTable) int {
	num := 0
	info := tbl.Meta().GetPartitionInfo()
	for _, def := range info.Definitions {
		pid := def.ID
		partition := tbl.GetPartition(pid)
		require.Nil(t, sessiontxn.NewTxn(context.Background(), ctx))
		err := tables.IterRecords(partition, ctx, partition.Cols(),
			func(_ kv.Handle, data []types.Datum, cols []*table.Column) (bool, error) {
				num++
				return true, nil
			})
		require.NoError(t, err)
	}
	return num
}

func TestPartitionErrorCode(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	// add partition
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_table_partition = 1")
	tk.MustExec("drop database if exists test_db_with_partition")
	tk.MustExec("create database test_db_with_partition")
	tk.MustExec("use test_db_with_partition")
	tk.MustExec(`create table employees (
		id int not null,
		fname varchar(30),
		lname varchar(30),
		hired date not null default '1970-01-01',
		separated date not null default '9999-12-31',
		job_code int,
		store_id int
	)
	partition by hash(store_id)
	partitions 4;`)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table employees add partition partitions 8;", dbterror.ErrUnsupportedAddPartition)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table employees add partition (partition p5 values less than (42));", dbterror.ErrUnsupportedAddPartition)

	// coalesce partition
	tk.MustExec(`create table clients (
		id int,
		fname varchar(30),
		lname varchar(30),
		signed date
	)
	partition by hash( month(signed) )
	partitions 12;`)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table clients coalesce partition 4;", dbterror.ErrUnsupportedCoalescePartition)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t_part (a int key)
		partition by range(a) (
		partition p0 values less than (10),
		partition p1 values less than (20)
		);`)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table t_part coalesce partition 4;", dbterror.ErrCoalesceOnlyOnHashPartition)

	tk.MustGetErrCode(`alter table t_part reorganize partition p0, p1 into (
			partition p0 values less than (1980));`, errno.ErrUnsupportedDDLOperation)

	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table t_part check partition p0, p1;", errno.ErrUnsupportedDDLOperation)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table t_part optimize partition p0,p1;", errno.ErrUnsupportedDDLOperation)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table t_part rebuild partition p0,p1;", errno.ErrUnsupportedDDLOperation)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table t_part remove partitioning;", errno.ErrUnsupportedDDLOperation)
	tk.MustGetErrCode("alter table t_part repair partition p1;", errno.ErrUnsupportedDDLOperation)

	// Reduce the impact on DML when executing partition DDL
	tk1 := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk1.MustExec("use test")
	tk1.MustExec("set global tidb_enable_metadata_lock=0")
	tk1.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk1.MustExec(`create table t(id int primary key)
		partition by hash(id) partitions 4;`)
	tk1.MustExec("begin")
	tk1.MustExec("insert into t values(1);")

	tk2 := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk2.MustExec("use test")
	tk2.MustExec("alter table t truncate partition p0;")
	tk1.MustExec("commit")
}

func TestConstAndTimezoneDepent(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	// add partition
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_table_partition = 1")
	tk.MustExec("drop database if exists test_db_with_partition_const")
	tk.MustExec("create database test_db_with_partition_const")
	tk.MustExec("use test_db_with_partition_const")

	sql1 := `create table t1 ( id int )
		partition by range(4) (
		partition p1 values less than (10)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql1, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql2 := `create table t2 ( time_recorded timestamp )
		partition by range(TO_DAYS(time_recorded)) (
		partition p1 values less than (1559192604)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql2, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql3 := `create table t3 ( id int )
		partition by range(DAY(id)) (
		partition p1 values less than (1)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql3, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql4 := `create table t4 ( id int )
		partition by hash(4) partitions 4
		;`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql4, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql5 := `create table t5 ( time_recorded timestamp )
		partition by range(to_seconds(time_recorded)) (
		partition p1 values less than (1559192604)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql5, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql6 := `create table t6 ( id int )
		partition by range(to_seconds(id)) (
		partition p1 values less than (1559192604)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql6, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql7 := `create table t7 ( time_recorded timestamp )
		partition by range(abs(time_recorded)) (
		partition p1 values less than (1559192604)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql7, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql8 := `create table t2332 ( time_recorded time )
         partition by range(TO_DAYS(time_recorded)) (
  		 partition p0 values less than (1)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql8, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql9 := `create table t1 ( id int )
		partition by hash(4) partitions 4;`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql9, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql10 := `create table t1 ( id int )
		partition by hash(ed) partitions 4;`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql10, errno.ErrBadField)

	sql11 := `create table t2332 ( time_recorded time )
         partition by range(TO_SECONDS(time_recorded)) (
  		 partition p0 values less than (1)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql11, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql12 := `create table t2332 ( time_recorded time )
         partition by range(TO_SECONDS(time_recorded)) (
  		 partition p0 values less than (1)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql12, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql13 := `create table t2332 ( time_recorded time )
         partition by range(day(time_recorded)) (
  		 partition p0 values less than (1)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql13, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)

	sql14 := `create table t2332 ( time_recorded timestamp )
         partition by range(day(time_recorded)) (
  		 partition p0 values less than (1)
		);`
	tk.MustGetErrCode(sql14, errno.ErrWrongExprInPartitionFunc)
}

func TestConstAndTimezoneDepent2(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	// add partition
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_table_partition = 1")
	tk.MustExec("drop database if exists test_db_with_partition_const")
	tk.MustExec("create database test_db_with_partition_const")
	tk.MustExec("use test_db_with_partition_const")

	tk.MustExec(`create table t1 ( time_recorded datetime )
	partition by range(TO_DAYS(time_recorded)) (
	partition p0 values less than (1));`)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t2 ( time_recorded date )
	partition by range(TO_DAYS(time_recorded)) (
	partition p0 values less than (1));`)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t3 ( time_recorded date )
	partition by range(TO_SECONDS(time_recorded)) (
	partition p0 values less than (1));`)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t4 ( time_recorded date )
	partition by range(TO_SECONDS(time_recorded)) (
	partition p0 values less than (1));`)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t5 ( time_recorded timestamp )
	partition by range(unix_timestamp(time_recorded)) (
		partition p1 values less than (1559192604)
	);`)
}

func TestUnsupportedPartitionManagementDDLs(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists test_1465;")
	tk.MustExec(`
		create table test_1465 (a int)
		partition by range(a) (
			partition p1 values less than (10),
			partition p2 values less than (20),
			partition p3 values less than (30)
		);
	`)

	_, err := tk.Exec("alter table test_1465 partition by hash(a)")
	require.Regexp(t, ".*alter table partition is unsupported", err.Error())
}

func TestCommitWhenSchemaChange(t *testing.T) {
	restore := config.RestoreFunc()
	defer restore()
	config.UpdateGlobal(func(conf *config.Config) {
		// Test for table lock.
		conf.EnableTableLock = true
		conf.Instance.SlowThreshold = 10000
		conf.Experimental.AllowsExpressionIndex = true
	})
	store := testkit.CreateMockStoreWithSchemaLease(t, time.Second)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("set global tidb_enable_metadata_lock=0")
	tk.MustExec("set @@global.tidb_max_delta_schema_count= 4096")
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec(`create table schema_change (a int, b timestamp)
			partition by range(a) (
			    partition p0 values less than (4),
			    partition p1 values less than (7),
			    partition p2 values less than (11)
			)`)
	tk2 := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk2.MustExec("use test")
	tk2.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=1")
	defer tk2.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_exchange_partition=0")

	tk.MustExec("begin")
	tk.MustExec("insert into schema_change values (1, '2019-12-25 13:27:42')")
	tk.MustExec("insert into schema_change values (3, '2019-12-25 13:27:43')")

	tk2.MustExec("alter table schema_change add index idx(b)")

	tk.MustExec("insert into schema_change values (5, '2019-12-25 13:27:43')")
	tk.MustExec("insert into schema_change values (9, '2019-12-25 13:27:44')")
	atomic.StoreUint32(&session.SchemaChangedWithoutRetry, 1)
	defer func() {
		atomic.StoreUint32(&session.SchemaChangedWithoutRetry, 0)
	}()
	_, err := tk.Exec("commit")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Truef(t, domain.ErrInfoSchemaChanged.Equal(err), err.Error())

	// Cover a bug that schema validator does not prevent transaction commit when
	// the schema has changed on the partitioned table.
	// That bug will cause data and index inconsistency!
	tk.MustExec("admin check table schema_change")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from schema_change").Check(testkit.Rows())

	// Check inconsistency when exchanging partition
	tk.MustExec(`drop table if exists pt, nt;`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table pt (a int) partition by hash(a) partitions 2;`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table nt (a int);`)

	tk.MustExec("begin")
	tk.MustExec("insert into nt values (1), (3), (5);")
	tk2.MustExec("alter table pt exchange partition p1 with table nt;")
	tk.MustExec("insert into nt values (7), (9);")
	tk.MustGetDBError("commit", domain.ErrInfoSchemaChanged)

	tk.MustExec("admin check table pt")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from pt").Check(testkit.Rows())
	tk.MustExec("admin check table nt")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from nt").Check(testkit.Rows())

	tk.MustExec("begin")
	tk.MustExec("insert into pt values (1), (3), (5);")
	tk2.MustExec("alter table pt exchange partition p1 with table nt;")
	tk.MustExec("insert into pt values (7), (9);")
	tk.MustGetDBError("commit", domain.ErrInfoSchemaChanged)

	tk.MustExec("admin check table pt")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from pt").Check(testkit.Rows())
	tk.MustExec("admin check table nt")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from nt").Check(testkit.Rows())
}

func TestCreatePartitionTableWithWrongType(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t")
	var err error
	tk.MustGetDBError(`create table t(
	b int(10)
	) partition by range columns (b) (
		partition p0 values less than (0x10),
		partition p3 values less than (0x20)
	)`, dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)

	tk.MustGetDBError(`create table t(
	b int(10)
	) partition by range columns (b) (
		partition p0 values less than ('g'),
		partition p3 values less than ('k')
	)`, dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)

	tk.MustGetDBError(`create table t(
	b char(10)
	) partition by range columns (b) (
		partition p0 values less than (30),
		partition p3 values less than (60)
	)`, dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)

	err = tk.ExecToErr(`create table t(
	b datetime
	) partition by range columns (b) (
		partition p0 values less than ('g'),
		partition p3 values less than ('m')
	)`)
	require.Error(t, err)
}

func TestAddPartitionForTableWithWrongType(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test")
	tk.MustExec("drop tables if exists t_int, t_char, t_date")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t_int(b int(10))
	partition by range columns (b) (
		partition p0 values less than (10)
	)`)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t_char(b char(10))
	partition by range columns (b) (
		partition p0 values less than ('a')
	)`)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t_date(b datetime)
	partition by range columns (b) (
		partition p0 values less than ('2020-09-01')
	)`)

	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table t_int add partition (partition p1 values less than ('g'))", dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table t_int add partition (partition p1 values less than (0x20))", dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table t_char add partition (partition p1 values less than (0x20))", dbterror.ErrRangeNotIncreasing)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table t_char add partition (partition p1 values less than (10))", dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table t_date add partition (partition p1 values less than ('m'))", dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table t_date add partition (partition p1 values less than (0x20))", dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)
	tk.MustGetDBError("alter table t_date add partition (partition p1 values less than (20))", dbterror.ErrWrongTypeColumnValue)
}

func TestPartitionListWithTimeType(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustExec("create table t_list1(a date) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('2010-02-02', '20180203'), partition p1 values in ('20200202'));")
	tk.MustExec("insert into t_list1(a) values (20180203);")
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t_list1 partition (p0);`).Check(testkit.Rows("2018-02-03"))
}

func TestPartitionListWithNewCollation(t *testing.T) {
	failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/planner/core/forceDynamicPrune", `return(true)`)
	defer failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/planner/core/forceDynamicPrune")

	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create table t (a char(10) collate utf8mb4_general_ci) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('a', 'A'));`, mysql.ErrMultipleDefConstInListPart)
	tk.MustExec("create table t11(a char(10) collate utf8mb4_general_ci) partition by list columns (a) (partition p0 values in ('a', 'b'), partition p1 values in ('C', 'D'));")
	tk.MustExec("insert into t11(a) values ('A'), ('c'), ('C'), ('d'), ('B');")
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t11 order by a;`).Check(testkit.Rows("A", "B", "c", "C", "d"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t11 partition (p0);`).Check(testkit.Rows("A", "B"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t11 partition (p1);`).Check(testkit.Rows("c", "C", "d"))
	str := tk.MustQuery(`desc select * from t11 where a = 'b';`).Rows()[0][3].(string)
	require.True(t, strings.Contains(str, "partition:p0"))
}

func TestAddTableWithPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	// for global temporary table
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists global_partition_table;")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("create global temporary table global_partition_table (a int, b int) partition by hash(a) partitions 3 ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS;", errno.ErrPartitionNoTemporary)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists global_partition_table;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_table;")
	_, err := tk.Exec("create table partition_table (a int, b int) partition by hash(a) partitions 3;")
	require.NoError(t, err)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_table;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_range_table;")
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create global temporary table partition_range_table (c1 smallint(6) not null, c2 char(5) default null) partition by range ( c1 ) (
			partition p0 values less than (10),
			partition p1 values less than (20),
			partition p2 values less than (30),
			partition p3 values less than (MAXVALUE)
	) ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS;`, errno.ErrPartitionNoTemporary)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_range_table;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_list_table;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create global temporary table partition_list_table (id int) partition by list  (id) (
	    partition p0 values in (1,2),
	    partition p1 values in (3,4),
	    partition p3 values in (5,null)
	) ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS;`, errno.ErrPartitionNoTemporary)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_list_table;")

	// for local temporary table
	tk.MustExec("use test;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists local_partition_table;")
	tk.MustGetErrCode("create temporary table local_partition_table (a int, b int) partition by hash(a) partitions 3;", errno.ErrPartitionNoTemporary)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists local_partition_table;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_table;")
	tk.MustExec("create table partition_table (a int, b int) partition by hash(a) partitions 3;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists partition_table;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists local_partition_range_table;")
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create temporary table local_partition_range_table (c1 smallint(6) not null, c2 char(5) default null) partition by range ( c1 ) (
			partition p0 values less than (10),
			partition p1 values less than (20),
			partition p2 values less than (30),
			partition p3 values less than (MAXVALUE)
	);`, errno.ErrPartitionNoTemporary)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists local_partition_range_table;")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists local_partition_list_table;")
	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tidb_enable_list_partition = ON")
	tk.MustGetErrCode(`create temporary table local_partition_list_table (id int) partition by list  (id) (
	    partition p0 values in (1,2),
	    partition p1 values in (3,4),
	    partition p3 values in (5,null)
	);`, errno.ErrPartitionNoTemporary)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists local_partition_list_table;")
}

func TestTruncatePartitionMultipleTimes(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists test.t;")
	tk.MustExec(`create table test.t (a int primary key) partition by range (a) (
		partition p0 values less than (10),
		partition p1 values less than (maxvalue));`)
	dom := domain.GetDomain(tk.Session())
	originHook := dom.DDL().GetHook()
	defer dom.DDL().SetHook(originHook)
	hook := &ddl.TestDDLCallback{}
	dom.DDL().SetHook(hook)
	injected := false
	hook.OnJobRunBeforeExported = func(job *model.Job) {
		if job.Type == model.ActionTruncateTablePartition && job.SnapshotVer == 0 && !injected {
			injected = true
			time.Sleep(30 * time.Millisecond)
		}
	}
	var errCount int32
	onJobUpdatedExportedFunc := func(job *model.Job) {
		if job.Type == model.ActionTruncateTablePartition && job.Error != nil {
			atomic.AddInt32(&errCount, 1)
		}
	}
	hook.OnJobUpdatedExported.Store(&onJobUpdatedExportedFunc)
	done1 := make(chan error, 1)
	go backgroundExec(store, "alter table test.t truncate partition p0;", done1)
	done2 := make(chan error, 1)
	go backgroundExec(store, "alter table test.t truncate partition p0;", done2)
	<-done1
	<-done2
	require.LessOrEqual(t, errCount, int32(1))
}

func TestAddPartitionReplicaBiggerThanTiFlashStores(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("create database if not exists test_partition2")
	tk.MustExec("use test_partition2")
	tk.MustExec("drop table if exists t1")
	// Build a tableInfo with replica count = 1 while there is no real tiFlash store.
	require.NoError(t, failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/infoschema/mockTiFlashStoreCount", `return(true)`))
	tk.MustExec(`create table t1 (c int) partition by range(c) (
			partition p0 values less than (100),
			partition p1 values less than (200))`)
	tk.MustExec("alter table t1 set tiflash replica 1")
	require.NoError(t, failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/infoschema/mockTiFlashStoreCount"))
	// Mock partitions replica as available.
	t1 := external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test_partition2", "t1")
	partition := t1.Meta().Partition
	require.Equal(t, 2, len(partition.Definitions))
	err := domain.GetDomain(tk.Session()).DDL().UpdateTableReplicaInfo(tk.Session(), partition.Definitions[0].ID, true)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	err = domain.GetDomain(tk.Session()).DDL().UpdateTableReplicaInfo(tk.Session(), partition.Definitions[1].ID, true)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	t1 = external.GetTableByName(t, tk, "test_partition2", "t1")
	require.True(t, t1.Meta().TiFlashReplica.Available)
	// Since there is no real TiFlash store (less than replica count), adding a partition will error here.
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t1 add partition (partition p2 values less than (300));")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.EqualError(t, err, "[ddl:-1][ddl] the tiflash replica count: 1 should be less than the total tiflash server count: 0")
	// Test `add partition` waiting TiFlash replica can exit when its retry count is beyond the limitation.
	originErrCountLimit := variable.GetDDLErrorCountLimit()
	tk.MustExec("set @@global.tidb_ddl_error_count_limit = 3")
	defer func() {
		tk.MustExec(fmt.Sprintf("set @@global.tidb_ddl_error_count_limit = %v", originErrCountLimit))
	}()
	require.NoError(t, failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/ddl/mockWaitTiFlashReplica", `return(true)`))
	defer func() {
		require.NoError(t, failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/ddl/mockWaitTiFlashReplica"))
	}()
	require.True(t, t1.Meta().TiFlashReplica.Available)
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t1 add partition (partition p3 values less than (300));")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:-1]DDL job rollback, error msg: [ddl] add partition wait for tiflash replica to complete", err.Error())
}

func TestDuplicatePartitionNames(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)

	tk.MustExec("create database DuplicatePartitionNames")
	defer tk.MustExec("drop database DuplicatePartitionNames")
	tk.MustExec("use DuplicatePartitionNames")

	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_list_partition=on")
	tk.MustExec("create table t1 (a int) partition by list (a) (partition p1 values in (1), partition p2 values in (2), partition p3 values in (3))")
	tk.MustExec("insert into t1 values (1),(2),(3)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table t1 truncate partition p1,p1")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t1").Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("2", "3"))
	tk.MustExec("insert into t1 values (1)")
	err := tk.ExecToErr("alter table t1 drop partition p1,p1")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1507]Error in list of partitions to DROP", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t1 drop partition p1,p9")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1507]Error in list of partitions to DROP", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t1 drop partition p1,p1,p1")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1508]Cannot remove all partitions, use DROP TABLE instead", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t1 drop partition p1,p9,p1")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1508]Cannot remove all partitions, use DROP TABLE instead", err.Error())
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t1").Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("1", "2", "3"))
	tk.MustExec("alter table t1 drop partition p1")
	tk.MustQuery("select * from t1").Sort().Check(testkit.Rows("2", "3"))
	tk.MustQuery("Show create table t1").Check(testkit.Rows("" +
		"t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (\n" +
		"  `a` int(11) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		"PARTITION BY LIST (`a`)\n" +
		"(PARTITION `p2` VALUES IN (2),\n" +
		" PARTITION `p3` VALUES IN (3))"))
}

func checkCreateSyntax(t *testing.T, tk *testkit.TestKit, ok bool, sql, showCreate string) {
	for i, sqlStmt := range []string{sql, showCreate} {
		_, err := tk.Exec(sqlStmt)
		// ignore warnings for now
		if ok {
			require.NoError(t, err, "%d sql: %s", i, sql)
		} else {
			require.Error(t, err, "sql: %s", sql)
			// If not ok, no need to check anything else
			return
		}
		res := tk.MustQuery("show create table t")
		require.Equal(t, showCreate, res.Rows()[0][1], "Compatible! (%d) sql: %s", i, sqlStmt)
		tk.MustExec("drop table t")
	}
}

func TestCreateIntervalPartitionSyntax(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)

	tk.MustExec("create database IntervalPartitionSyntax")
	defer tk.MustExec("drop database IntervalPartitionSyntax")
	tk.MustExec("use IntervalPartitionSyntax")

	type testCase struct {
		sql        string
		ok         bool
		showCreate string
	}

	cases := []testCase{

		{
			"CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
				"  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
				") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
				"PARTITION BY RANGE (`id`)\n" +
				"(PARTITION `pNull` VALUES LESS THAN (-9223372036854775808),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_0` VALUES LESS THAN (0),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_10000000` VALUES LESS THAN (10000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_20000000` VALUES LESS THAN (20000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_30000000` VALUES LESS THAN (30000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_40000000` VALUES LESS THAN (40000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_50000000` VALUES LESS THAN (50000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_60000000` VALUES LESS THAN (60000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_70000000` VALUES LESS THAN (70000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_80000000` VALUES LESS THAN (80000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_90000000` VALUES LESS THAN (90000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_Maxvalue` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))",
			true,
			"CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
				"  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
				") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
				"PARTITION BY RANGE (`id`)\n" +
				"(PARTITION `pNull` VALUES LESS THAN (-9223372036854775808),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_0` VALUES LESS THAN (0),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_10000000` VALUES LESS THAN (10000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_20000000` VALUES LESS THAN (20000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_30000000` VALUES LESS THAN (30000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_40000000` VALUES LESS THAN (40000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_50000000` VALUES LESS THAN (50000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_60000000` VALUES LESS THAN (60000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_70000000` VALUES LESS THAN (70000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_80000000` VALUES LESS THAN (80000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_90000000` VALUES LESS THAN (90000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_Maxvalue` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))",
		},

		{
			"CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
				"  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
				") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
				"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`id`)\n" +
				"(PARTITION `pNull` VALUES LESS THAN (-2147483648),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_0` VALUES LESS THAN (0),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_10000000` VALUES LESS THAN (10000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_20000000` VALUES LESS THAN (20000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_30000000` VALUES LESS THAN (30000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_40000000` VALUES LESS THAN (40000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_50000000` VALUES LESS THAN (50000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_60000000` VALUES LESS THAN (60000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_70000000` VALUES LESS THAN (70000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_80000000` VALUES LESS THAN (80000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_90000000` VALUES LESS THAN (90000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `pMaxvalue` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))",
			true,
			"CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
				"  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
				") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
				"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`id`)\n" +
				"(PARTITION `pNull` VALUES LESS THAN (-2147483648),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_0` VALUES LESS THAN (0),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_10000000` VALUES LESS THAN (10000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_20000000` VALUES LESS THAN (20000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_30000000` VALUES LESS THAN (30000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_40000000` VALUES LESS THAN (40000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_50000000` VALUES LESS THAN (50000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_60000000` VALUES LESS THAN (60000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_70000000` VALUES LESS THAN (70000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_80000000` VALUES LESS THAN (80000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `p_90000000` VALUES LESS THAN (90000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `pMaxvalue` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))",
		},

		{
			"create table t (id int) partition by range (id) interval (10000000) first partition less than (0) last partition less than (90000000) NULL PARTITION maxvalue partition",
			true,
			"CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
				"  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
				") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
				"PARTITION BY RANGE (`id`)\n" +
				"(PARTITION `P_NULL` VALUES LESS THAN (-9223372036854775808),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_0` VALUES LESS THAN (0),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_10000000` VALUES LESS THAN (10000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_20000000` VALUES LESS THAN (20000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_30000000` VALUES LESS THAN (30000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_40000000` VALUES LESS THAN (40000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_50000000` VALUES LESS THAN (50000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_60000000` VALUES LESS THAN (60000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_70000000` VALUES LESS THAN (70000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_80000000` VALUES LESS THAN (80000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_90000000` VALUES LESS THAN (90000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_MAXVALUE` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))",
		},
		{
			"create table t (id int) partition by range columns (id) interval (10000000) first partition less than (0) last partition less than (90000000) NULL PARTITION maxvalue partition",
			true,
			"CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
				"  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
				") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
				"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`id`)\n" +
				"(PARTITION `P_NULL` VALUES LESS THAN (-2147483648),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_0` VALUES LESS THAN (0),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_10000000` VALUES LESS THAN (10000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_20000000` VALUES LESS THAN (20000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_30000000` VALUES LESS THAN (30000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_40000000` VALUES LESS THAN (40000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_50000000` VALUES LESS THAN (50000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_60000000` VALUES LESS THAN (60000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_70000000` VALUES LESS THAN (70000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_80000000` VALUES LESS THAN (80000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_LT_90000000` VALUES LESS THAN (90000000),\n" +
				" PARTITION `P_MAXVALUE` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))",
		},
	}
	for _, tt := range cases {
		checkCreateSyntax(t, tk, tt.ok, tt.sql, tt.showCreate)
	}
}

func TestCreateAndAlterIntervalPartition(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)

	tk.MustExec("create database IntervalPartition")
	defer tk.MustExec("drop database IntervalPartition")
	tk.MustExec("use IntervalPartition")
	tk.MustExec("create table ipt (id bigint unsigned primary key, val varchar(255), key (val)) partition by range (id) INTERVAL (10) FIRST PARTITION LESS THAN (10) LAST PARTITION LESS THAN (90) MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt values (0, '0'), (1, '1'), (2, '2')")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 10, concat('1', val) FROM ipt")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 20, concat('2', val) FROM ipt where id < 10")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 30, concat('3', val) FROM ipt where id < 10")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 40, concat('4', val) FROM ipt where id < 10")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 50, concat('5', val) FROM ipt where id < 10")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 60, concat('6', val) FROM ipt where id < 10")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 70, concat('7', val) FROM ipt where id < 10")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 80, concat('8', val) FROM ipt where id < 10")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 90, concat('9', val) FROM ipt where id < 10")
	tk.MustExec("insert into ipt select id + 100, concat('10', val) FROM ipt where id < 10")
	tk.MustQuery("SHOW CREATE TABLE ipt").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"ipt CREATE TABLE `ipt` (\n" +
			"  `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) /*T![clustered_index] CLUSTERED */,\n" +
			"  KEY `val` (`val`)\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE (`id`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_LT_10` VALUES LESS THAN (10),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_20` VALUES LESS THAN (20),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_30` VALUES LESS THAN (30),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_40` VALUES LESS THAN (40),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_50` VALUES LESS THAN (50),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_60` VALUES LESS THAN (60),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_70` VALUES LESS THAN (70),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_80` VALUES LESS THAN (80),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_90` VALUES LESS THAN (90),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_MAXVALUE` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))"))

	err := tk.ExecToErr("alter table ipt LAST partition less than (100)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported LAST PARTITION when MAXVALUE partition exists", err.Error())

	tk.MustExec("alter table ipt first partition less than (30)")
	tk.MustQuery("select count(*) from ipt").Check(testkit.Rows("27"))
	tk.MustQuery("SHOW CREATE TABLE ipt").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"ipt CREATE TABLE `ipt` (\n" +
			"  `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) /*T![clustered_index] CLUSTERED */,\n" +
			"  KEY `val` (`val`)\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE (`id`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_LT_30` VALUES LESS THAN (30),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_40` VALUES LESS THAN (40),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_50` VALUES LESS THAN (50),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_60` VALUES LESS THAN (60),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_70` VALUES LESS THAN (70),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_80` VALUES LESS THAN (80),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_90` VALUES LESS THAN (90),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_MAXVALUE` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))"))

	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table ipt merge first partition less than (60)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported MERGE FIRST PARTITION", err.Error())

	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table ipt split maxvalue partition less than (140)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported SPLIT LAST PARTITION", err.Error())

	tk.MustQuery("select count(*) from ipt").Check(testkit.Rows("27"))

	tk.MustExec("create table idpt (id date primary key, val varchar(255), key (val)) partition by range COLUMNS (id) INTERVAL (1 week) FIRST PARTITION LESS THAN ('2022-02-01') LAST PARTITION LESS THAN ('2022-03-29') NULL PARTITION MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	tk.MustQuery("SHOW CREATE TABLE idpt").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"idpt CREATE TABLE `idpt` (\n" +
			"  `id` date NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  KEY `val` (`val`),\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) /*T![clustered_index] NONCLUSTERED */\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`id`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_NULL` VALUES LESS THAN ('0000-01-01'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-02-01` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-02-01'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-02-08` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-02-08'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-02-15` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-02-15'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-02-22` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-02-22'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-03-01` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-03-01'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-03-08` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-03-08'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-03-15` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-03-15'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-03-22` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-03-22'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-03-29` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-03-29'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_MAXVALUE` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))"))

	// Notice that '2022-01-31' + INTERVAL n MONTH returns '2022-02-28', '2022-03-31' etc.
	// So having a range of the last of the month (normally what you want is LESS THAN first of the months) will work
	// if using a month with 31 days.
	// But managing partitions with the day-part of 29, 30 or 31 will be troublesome, since once the FIRST is not 31
	// both the ALTER TABLE t FIRST PARTITION and MERGE FIRST PARTITION will have issues
	tk.MustExec("create table t (id date primary key, val varchar(255), key (val)) partition by range COLUMNS (id) INTERVAL (1 MONTH) FIRST PARTITION LESS THAN ('2022-01-31') LAST PARTITION LESS THAN ('2022-05-31')")
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `id` date NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  KEY `val` (`val`),\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) /*T![clustered_index] NONCLUSTERED */\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`id`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_LT_2022-01-31` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-01-31'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-02-28` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-02-28'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-03-31` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-03-31'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-04-30` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-04-30'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-05-31` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-05-31'))"))
	tk.MustExec("alter table t first partition less than ('2022-02-28')")
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `id` date NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  KEY `val` (`val`),\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) /*T![clustered_index] NONCLUSTERED */\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`id`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_LT_2022-02-28` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-02-28'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-03-31` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-03-31'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-04-30` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-04-30'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-05-31` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-05-31'))"))
	// Now we are stuck, since we will use the current FIRST PARTITION to check the INTERVAL!
	// Should we check and limit FIRST PARTITION for QUARTER and MONTH to not have day part in (29,30,31)?
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t first partition less than ('2022-03-31')")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported FIRST PARTITION, does not seem like an INTERVAL partitioned table", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t last partition less than ('2022-06-30')")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported LAST PARTITION, does not seem like an INTERVAL partitioned table", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t last partition less than ('2022-07-31')")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported LAST PARTITION, does not seem like an INTERVAL partitioned table", err.Error())
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `id` date NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  KEY `val` (`val`),\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) /*T![clustered_index] NONCLUSTERED */\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(`id`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_LT_2022-02-28` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-02-28'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-03-31` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-03-31'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-04-30` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-04-30'),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_2022-05-31` VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-05-31'))"))
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")

	tk.MustExec("create table t2 (id bigint unsigned primary key, val varchar(255), key (val)) partition by range (id) INTERVAL (10) FIRST PARTITION LESS THAN (10) LAST PARTITION LESS THAN (90)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table t2 first partition less than (20)")
	tk.MustExec("alter table t2 LAST partition less than (110)")
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t2 merge first partition less than (60)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported MERGE FIRST PARTITION", err.Error())

	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t2 split maxvalue partition less than (140)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported SPLIT LAST PARTITION", err.Error())

	tk.MustQuery("show create table t2").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (\n" +
			"  `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) /*T![clustered_index] CLUSTERED */,\n" +
			"  KEY `val` (`val`)\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE (`id`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_LT_20` VALUES LESS THAN (20),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_30` VALUES LESS THAN (30),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_40` VALUES LESS THAN (40),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_50` VALUES LESS THAN (50),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_60` VALUES LESS THAN (60),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_70` VALUES LESS THAN (70),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_80` VALUES LESS THAN (80),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_90` VALUES LESS THAN (90),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_100` VALUES LESS THAN (100),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_110` VALUES LESS THAN (110))"))
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t2 first partition less than (20)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported FIRST PARTITION, given value does not generate a list of partition names to be dropped", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t2 first partition less than (10)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL: expr (10) not matching FIRST + n INTERVALs (20 + n * 10)", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t2 last partition less than (110)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL: expr (110) not matching FIRST + n INTERVALs (110 + n * 10)", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t2 last partition less than (100)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL: expr (100) not matching FIRST + n INTERVALs (110 + n * 10)", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec("drop table t2")

	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id timestamp, val varchar(255)) partition by range columns (id) interval (1 minute) first partition less than ('2022-01-01 00:01:00') last partition less than ('2022-01-01 01:00:00')")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1659]Field 'id' is of a not allowed type for this type of partitioning", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id timestamp, val varchar(255)) partition by range (TO_SECONDS(id)) interval (3600) first partition less than (TO_SECONDS('2022-01-01 00:00:00')) last partition less than ('2022-01-02 00:00:00')")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1486]Constant, random or timezone-dependent expressions in (sub)partitioning function are not allowed", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec("set @@time_zone = 'Europe/Amsterdam'")
	tk.MustExec("create table t (id timestamp, val varchar(255)) partition by range (unix_timestamp(id)) interval (3600) first partition less than (unix_timestamp('2022-01-01 00:00:00')) last partition less than (unix_timestamp('2022-01-02 00:00:00'))")
	tk.MustExec("set @@time_zone = default")
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `id` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE (UNIX_TIMESTAMP(`id`))\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_LT_1640991600` VALUES LESS THAN (1640991600),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1640995200` VALUES LESS THAN (1640995200),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1640998800` VALUES LESS THAN (1640998800),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641002400` VALUES LESS THAN (1641002400),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641006000` VALUES LESS THAN (1641006000),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641009600` VALUES LESS THAN (1641009600),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641013200` VALUES LESS THAN (1641013200),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641016800` VALUES LESS THAN (1641016800),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641020400` VALUES LESS THAN (1641020400),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641024000` VALUES LESS THAN (1641024000),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641027600` VALUES LESS THAN (1641027600),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641031200` VALUES LESS THAN (1641031200),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641034800` VALUES LESS THAN (1641034800),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641038400` VALUES LESS THAN (1641038400),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641042000` VALUES LESS THAN (1641042000),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641045600` VALUES LESS THAN (1641045600),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641049200` VALUES LESS THAN (1641049200),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641052800` VALUES LESS THAN (1641052800),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641056400` VALUES LESS THAN (1641056400),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641060000` VALUES LESS THAN (1641060000),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641063600` VALUES LESS THAN (1641063600),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641067200` VALUES LESS THAN (1641067200),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641070800` VALUES LESS THAN (1641070800),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641074400` VALUES LESS THAN (1641074400),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_1641078000` VALUES LESS THAN (1641078000))"))
	tk.MustExec("alter table t drop partition P_LT_1640995200")

	tk.MustExec("drop table t")

	// OK with out-of-range partitions, see https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/issues/36022
	tk.MustExec("create table t (id tinyint, val varchar(255)) partition by range (id) interval (50) first partition less than (-300) last partition less than (300)")
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `id` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE (`id`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_LT_-300` VALUES LESS THAN (-300),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_-250` VALUES LESS THAN (-250),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_-200` VALUES LESS THAN (-200),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_-150` VALUES LESS THAN (-150),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_-100` VALUES LESS THAN (-100),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_-50` VALUES LESS THAN (-50),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_0` VALUES LESS THAN (0),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_50` VALUES LESS THAN (50),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_100` VALUES LESS THAN (100),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_150` VALUES LESS THAN (150),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_200` VALUES LESS THAN (200),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_250` VALUES LESS THAN (250),\n" +
			" PARTITION `P_LT_300` VALUES LESS THAN (300))"))
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")

	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val float, comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range columns (val) interval (1000 * 1000)" +
		" first partition less than (0)" +
		" last partition less than (100 * 1000 * 1000) NULL PARTITION MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1659]Field 'val' is of a not allowed type for this type of partitioning", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range columns (val) interval (1000 * 1000)" +
		" first partition less than ('0')" +
		" last partition less than ('10000000') NULL PARTITION MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL partitioning, only supports Date, Datetime and INT types", err.Error())

	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range columns (id) interval (-1000 * 1000)" +
		" first partition less than (0)" +
		" last partition less than (10000000) NULL PARTITION MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL, should be a positive number", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval (0)" +
		" first partition less than (0)" +
		" last partition less than (10000000) NULL PARTITION MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL, should be a positive number", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval ('1000000')" +
		" first partition less than (0)" +
		" last partition less than (10000000) NULL PARTITION MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL, should be a positive number", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval (01000000)" +
		" first partition less than (0)" +
		" last partition less than (10000000) MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")

	// Null partition and first partition collides
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval (01000000)" +
		" first partition less than (0)" +
		" last partition less than (10000000) NULL PARTITION MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1493]VALUES LESS THAN value must be strictly increasing for each partition", err.Error())

	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval (NULL)" +
		" first partition less than (0)" +
		" last partition less than (10000000) NULL PARTITION MAXVALUE PARTITION")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL, should be a positive number", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval (1000000)" +
		" first partition less than (NULL)" +
		" last partition less than (10000000)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL partitioning: Error when generating partition values", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval (1000000)" +
		" first partition less than (0)" +
		" last partition less than (NULL)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL: expr () not matching FIRST + n INTERVALs (0 + n * 1000000)", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec("create table t (id int, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval (100)" +
		" first partition less than (-1000)" +
		" last partition less than (-1000)")
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  `val` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  `comment` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE (`id`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `P_LT_-1000` VALUES LESS THAN (-1000))"))
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t last partition less than (0)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported LAST PARTITION, does not seem like an INTERVAL partitioned table", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec("alter table t add partition (partition `P_LT_0` values less than (-900))")
	err = tk.ExecToErr("alter table t last partition less than (0)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1517]Duplicate partition name P_LT_0", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval (100)" +
		" first partition less than (-100)" +
		" last partition less than (250)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL: expr (250) not matching FIRST + n INTERVALs (-100 + n * 100)", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr("create table t (id int unsigned, val varchar(255), comment varchar(255))" +
		" partition by range (id) interval (33)" +
		" first partition less than (100)" +
		" last partition less than (67)")
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported INTERVAL: expr (67) not matching FIRST + n INTERVALs (100 + n * 33)", err.Error())

	// Non-partitioned tables does not support ALTER of FIRST/LAST PARTITION
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a int, b varchar(255))`)
	err = tk.ExecToErr(`ALTER TABLE t FIRST PARTITION LESS THAN (10)`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1505]Partition management on a not partitioned table is not possible", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr(`ALTER TABLE t LAST PARTITION LESS THAN (10)`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1505]Partition management on a not partitioned table is not possible", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec(`drop table t`)
	// HASH/LIST [COLUMNS] does not support ALTER of FIRST/LAST PARTITION
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a int, b varchar(255)) partition by hash (a) partitions 4`)
	err = tk.ExecToErr(`ALTER TABLE t FIRST PARTITION LESS THAN (10)`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported FIRST PARTITION, does not seem like an INTERVAL partitioned table", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr(`ALTER TABLE t LAST PARTITION LESS THAN (10)`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported add partitions", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec(`drop table t`)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a int, b varchar(255)) partition by list (a) (partition p0 values in (1,2,3), partition p1 values in (22,23,24))`)
	err = tk.ExecToErr(`ALTER TABLE t FIRST PARTITION LESS THAN (0)`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported FIRST PARTITION, does not seem like an INTERVAL partitioned table", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr(`ALTER TABLE t LAST PARTITION LESS THAN (100)`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1492]For LIST partitions each partition must be defined", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec(`drop table t`)

	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a int, b varchar(255)) partition by list columns (b) (partition p0 values in ("1","2","3"), partition p1 values in ("22","23","24"))`)
	err = tk.ExecToErr(`ALTER TABLE t FIRST PARTITION LESS THAN (10)`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:8200]Unsupported FIRST PARTITION, does not seem like an INTERVAL partitioned table", err.Error())
	err = tk.ExecToErr(`ALTER TABLE t LAST PARTITION LESS THAN (10)`)
	require.Error(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "[ddl:1492]For LIST partitions each partition must be defined", err.Error())
	tk.MustExec(`drop table t`)
}

func TestPartitionTableWithAnsiQuotes(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("create database partitionWithAnsiQuotes")
	defer tk.MustExec("drop database partitionWithAnsiQuotes")
	tk.MustExec("use partitionWithAnsiQuotes")
	tk.MustExec("SET SESSION sql_mode='ANSI_QUOTES'")

	// Test single quotes.
	tk.MustExec(`create table t(created_at datetime) PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(created_at) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN ('2021-12-01 00:00:00'),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-01-01 00:00:00'))`)
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows("t CREATE TABLE \"t\" (\n" +
		"  \"created_at\" datetime DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		"PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(\"created_at\")\n" +
		"(PARTITION \"p0\" VALUES LESS THAN ('2021-12-01 00:00:00'),\n" +
		" PARTITION \"p1\" VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-01-01 00:00:00'))"))
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")

	// Test expression with single quotes.
	tk.MustExec("set @@time_zone = 'Asia/Shanghai'")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t(created_at timestamp) PARTITION BY RANGE (unix_timestamp(created_at)) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2021-12-01 00:00:00')),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2022-01-01 00:00:00')))`)
	tk.MustExec("set @@time_zone = default")
	// FIXME: should be "created_at" instead of `created_at`, see #35389.
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows("t CREATE TABLE \"t\" (\n" +
		"  \"created_at\" timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		"PARTITION BY RANGE (UNIX_TIMESTAMP(`created_at`))\n" +
		"(PARTITION \"p0\" VALUES LESS THAN (1638288000),\n" +
		" PARTITION \"p1\" VALUES LESS THAN (1640966400))"))
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")
	tk.MustExec("set @@time_zone = default")

	// Test values in.
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t (a int DEFAULT NULL, b varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL) PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS(a,b) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES IN ((1,'1'),(2,'2')),
 		PARTITION p1 VALUES IN ((10,'10'),(11,'11')))`)
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows("t CREATE TABLE \"t\" (\n" +
		"  \"a\" int(11) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
		"  \"b\" varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		"PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS(\"a\",\"b\")\n" +
		"(PARTITION \"p0\" VALUES IN ((1,'1'),(2,'2')),\n" +
		" PARTITION \"p1\" VALUES IN ((10,'10'),(11,'11')))"))
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")

	// Test escaped characters in single quotes.
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t (a varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL) PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS(a) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES IN ('\'','\'\'',''''''''),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES IN ('""','\\','\\\'\t\n'))`)
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows("t CREATE TABLE \"t\" (\n" +
		"  \"a\" varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		"PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS(\"a\")\n" +
		`(PARTITION "p0" VALUES IN ('''','''''',''''''''),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p1" VALUES IN ('""','\\','\\''\t\n'))`))
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (0x5c27090a),('\\''\t\n')`)
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t (a varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL) PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS(a) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES IN ('\'','\'\'',''''''''),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES IN ('\"\"','\\',0x5c27090a))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (0x5c27090a),('\\''\t\n')`)
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows("t CREATE TABLE \"t\" (\n" +
		"  \"a\" varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		"PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS(\"a\")\n" +
		`(PARTITION "p0" VALUES IN ('''','''''',''''''''),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p1" VALUES IN ('""','\\',x'5c27090a'))`))
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t (a varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL) PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS(a) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES IN ('\'','\'\'',''''''''),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES IN ('""','\\',x'5c27090a'))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (0x5c27090a),('\\''\t\n')`)
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows("t CREATE TABLE \"t\" (\n" +
		"  \"a\" varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		"PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS(\"a\")\n" +
		`(PARTITION "p0" VALUES IN ('''','''''',''''''''),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p1" VALUES IN ('""','\\',x'5c27090a'))`))

	// https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/issues/37692
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t (a varchar(255)) PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(a) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN ('"'),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ('""'),
		PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN ('\''),
		PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (''''''),
		PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN ('\\''\t\n'),
		PARTITION pMax VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))`)
	//PARTITION p4 VALUES IN (x'5c27090a'))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (0x5c27090a),('\\''\t\n')`)
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows("t CREATE TABLE \"t\" (\n" +
		"  \"a\" varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		`PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS("a")` + "\n" +
		`(PARTITION "p0" VALUES LESS THAN ('"'),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p1" VALUES LESS THAN ('""'),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p2" VALUES LESS THAN (''''),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p3" VALUES LESS THAN (''''''),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p4" VALUES LESS THAN ('\\''\t\n'),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "pMax" VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))`))
	tk.MustExec("drop table t")
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t (a varchar(255)) PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(a) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN ('"'),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ('""'),
		PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN ('\''),
		PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (''''''),
		PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (0x5c27090a),
		PARTITION pMax VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (0x5c27090a),('\\''\t\n')`)
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows("t CREATE TABLE \"t\" (\n" +
		"  \"a\" varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		`PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS("a")` + "\n" +
		`(PARTITION "p0" VALUES LESS THAN ('"'),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p1" VALUES LESS THAN ('""'),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p2" VALUES LESS THAN (''''),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p3" VALUES LESS THAN (''''''),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p4" VALUES LESS THAN (x'5c27090a'),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "pMax" VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))`))

	tk.MustExec("drop table t")
	tk.MustExec(`CREATE TABLE t (a varchar(255), b varchar(255)) PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(a,b) (
		PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN ('"','"'),
		PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ('""','""'),
		PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN ('\'','\''),
		PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN ('''''',''''''),
		PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN ('\\''\t\n',0x5c27090a),
		PARTITION pMax VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE,maxvalue))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (0x5c27090a,'\\''\t\n')`)
	tk.MustQuery("show create table t").Check(testkit.Rows("t CREATE TABLE \"t\" (\n" +
		"  \"a\" varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
		"  \"b\" varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL\n" +
		") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
		`PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS("a","b")` + "\n" +
		`(PARTITION "p0" VALUES LESS THAN ('"','"'),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p1" VALUES LESS THAN ('""','""'),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p2" VALUES LESS THAN ('''',''''),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p3" VALUES LESS THAN ('''''',''''''),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "p4" VALUES LESS THAN ('\\''\t\n','\\''\t\n'),` + "\n" +
		` PARTITION "pMax" VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE,MAXVALUE))`))
}
func TestAlterModifyColumnOnPartitionedTable(t *testing.T) {
	store := testkit.CreateMockStore(t)
	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(t, store)
	tk.MustExec("create database AlterPartTable")
	tk.MustExec("use AlterPartTable")
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a int unsigned PRIMARY KEY, b varchar(255), key (b))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (7, "07"), (8, "08"),(23,"23"),(34,"34💥"),(46,"46"),(57,"57")`)
	tk.MustQuery(`show create table t`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `a` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `b` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`a`) /*T![clustered_index] CLUSTERED */,\n" +
			"  KEY `b` (`b`)\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin"))
	// TODO: Why does it allow 💥 as a latin1 character?
	tk.MustQuery(`select hex(b) from t where a = 34`).Check(testkit.Rows("3334F09F92A5"))
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t modify b varchar(200) charset latin1`)
	tk.MustQuery(`show create table t`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `a` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `b` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_bin DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`a`) /*T![clustered_index] CLUSTERED */,\n" +
			"  KEY `b` (`b`)\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select hex(b) from t where a = 34`).Check(testkit.Rows("3334F09F92A5"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(""+
		"23 23",
		"34 34💥",
		"46 46",
		"57 57",
		"7 07",
		"8 08"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t order by b`).Check(testkit.Rows(""+
		"7 07",
		"8 08",
		"23 23",
		"34 34💥",
		"46 46",
		"57 57"))
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t change b c varchar(200) charset utf8mb4`)
	tk.MustExec(`drop table t`)
	tk.MustExec(`create table t (a int unsigned PRIMARY KEY, b varchar(255), key (b)) partition by range (a) ` +
		`(partition p0 values less than (10),` +
		` partition p1 values less than (20),` +
		` partition p2 values less than (30),` +
		` partition pMax values less than (MAXVALUE))`)
	tk.MustExec(`insert into t values (7, "07"), (8, "08"),(23,"23"),(34,"34💥"),(46,"46"),(57,"57")`)
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(""+
		"23 23",
		"34 34💥",
		"46 46",
		"57 57",
		"7 07",
		"8 08"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t order by b`).Check(testkit.Rows(""+
		"7 07",
		"8 08",
		"23 23",
		"34 34💥",
		"46 46",
		"57 57"))
	tk.MustQuery(`show create table t`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `a` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `b` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`a`) /*T![clustered_index] CLUSTERED */,\n" +
			"  KEY `b` (`b`)\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE (`a`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `p0` VALUES LESS THAN (10),\n" +
			" PARTITION `p1` VALUES LESS THAN (20),\n" +
			" PARTITION `p2` VALUES LESS THAN (30),\n" +
			" PARTITION `pMax` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))"))
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t modify b varchar(200) charset latin1`)
	tk.MustQuery(`show create table t`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `a` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `b` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_bin DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`a`) /*T![clustered_index] CLUSTERED */,\n" +
			"  KEY `b` (`b`)\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE (`a`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `p0` VALUES LESS THAN (10),\n" +
			" PARTITION `p1` VALUES LESS THAN (20),\n" +
			" PARTITION `p2` VALUES LESS THAN (30),\n" +
			" PARTITION `pMax` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(""+
		"23 23",
		"34 34💥",
		"46 46",
		"57 57",
		"7 07",
		"8 08"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t order by b`).Check(testkit.Rows(""+
		"7 07",
		"8 08",
		"23 23",
		"34 34💥",
		"46 46",
		"57 57"))
	tk.MustExec(`alter table t change b c varchar(150) charset utf8mb4`)
	tk.MustQuery(`show create table t`).Check(testkit.Rows(
		"t CREATE TABLE `t` (\n" +
			"  `a` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,\n" +
			"  `c` varchar(150) DEFAULT NULL,\n" +
			"  PRIMARY KEY (`a`) /*T![clustered_index] CLUSTERED */,\n" +
			"  KEY `b` (`c`)\n" +
			") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin\n" +
			"PARTITION BY RANGE (`a`)\n" +
			"(PARTITION `p0` VALUES LESS THAN (10),\n" +
			" PARTITION `p1` VALUES LESS THAN (20),\n" +
			" PARTITION `p2` VALUES LESS THAN (30),\n" +
			" PARTITION `pMax` VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t`).Sort().Check(testkit.Rows(""+
		"23 23",
		"34 34💥",
		"46 46",
		"57 57",
		"7 07",
		"8 08"))
	tk.MustQuery(`select * from t order by c`).Check(testkit.Rows(""+
		"7 07",
		"8 08",
		"23 23",
		"34 34💥",
		"46 46",
		"57 57"))
}