single_words_test.txt

C
is
the
most
commonly
used
programming
language
for
writing
operating
systems
The
first
operating
system
written
in
C
is
Unix
Later
operating
systems
like
Linux
were
all
written
in
C
Not
only
is
C
the
language
of
operating
systems
it
is
the
precursor
and
inspiration
for
almost
all
of
the
most
popular
high
level
languages
available
today
In
fact
Perl
PHP
Python
and
Ruby
are
all
written
in
C
By
way
of
analogy
let
us
say
that
you
were
going
to
be
learning
Spanish
Italian
French
or
Portuguese
Do
you
think
knowing
Latin
would
be
helpful
Just
as
Latin
was
the
basis
of
all
of
those
languages
knowing
C
will
enable
you
to
understand
and
appreciate
an
entire
family
of
programming
languages
built
upon
the
traditions
of
C
Knowledge
of
C
enables
freedom
Why
C
and
not
assembly
language
While
assembly
language
can
provide
speed
and
maximum
control
of
the
program
C
provides
portability
Different
processors
are
programmed
using
different
assembly
languages
and
having
to
choose
and
learn
only
one
of
them
is
too
arbitrary
In
fact
one
of
the
main
strengths
of
C
is
that
it
combines
universality
and
portability
across
various
computer
architectures
while
retaining
most
of
the
control
of
the
hardware
provided
by
assembly
language
Assembly
while
extremely
powerful
is
simply
too
difficult
to
program
large
applications
and
hard
to
read
or
interpret
in
a
logical
way
C
is
a
compiled
language
which
creates
fast
and
efficient
executable
files
It
is
also
a
small
language
A
C
statement
corresponds
to
at
most
a
handful
of
assembly
statements
everything
else
is
provided
by
library
functions
So
is
it
any
wonder
that
C
is
such
a
popular
language
Like
toppling
dominoes
the
next
generation
of
programs
follows
the
trend
of
its
ancestors
Operating
systems
designed
in
C
always
have
system
libraries
designed
in
C
Those
system
libraries
are
in
turn
used
to
create
higher
level
libraries
and
the
designers
of
those
libraries
often
decide
to
use
the
language
the
system
libraries
used
Application
developers
use
the
higher
level
libraries
to
design
word
processors
games
media
players
and
the
like
Many
of
them
will
choose
to
program
in
the
language
that
the
higher
level
library
uses
And
the
pattern
continues
on
and
on
and
on
Why
C
and
not
another
language
The
primary
design
of
C
is
to
produce
portable
code
while
maintaining
performance
and
minimising
footprint
This
is
useful
for
operating
systems
embedded
systems
or
other
programs
where
performance
matters
a
lot
With
C
it
is
relatively
easy
to
keep
a
mental
picture
of
what
a
given
line
really
does
because
most
of
the
things
are
written
explicitly
in
the
code
C
has
a
big
codebase
for
low
level
applications
It
is
the
native
language
of
unix
which
makes
it
flexible
and
portable
It
is
a
stable
and
mature
language
which
is
unlikely
to
disappear
for
a
long
time
and
has
been
ported
to
most
if
not
all
platforms
One
powerful
reason
is
memory
allocation
Unlike
most
programming
languages
C
allows
the
programmer
to
write
directly
to
memory
Key
constructs
in
C
such
as
structs
pointers
and
arrays
are
designed
to
structure
and
manipulate
memory
in
an
efficient
machine
independent
fashion
In
particular
C
gives
control
over
the
memory
layout
of
data
structures
Moreover
dynamic
Memory
allocation
is
under
the
control
of
the
programmer
which
also
means
that
memory
deallocation
has
to
be
done
by
the
programmer
Languages
like
Java
and
Perl
shield
the
programmer
from
having
to
worry
about
memory
allocation
and
pointers
This
can
be
useful
since
dealing
with
memory
allocation
when
building
a
high
level
program
is
a
highly
error
prone
process
However
when
dealing
with
low
level
code
such
as
the
part
of
the
OS
that
controls
a
device
C
provides
a
uniform
clean
interface
These
capabilities
just
do
not
exist
in
most
other
languages
While
Perl
PHP
Python
and
Ruby
may
be
powerful
and
support
many
features
not
provided
by
default
in
C
they
are
not
normally
implemented
in
their
own
language
Rather
most
such
languages
initially
relied
on
being
written
in
C
and
would
require
their
implementation
be
ported
to
a
new
platform
before
they
can
be
used
As
with
all
programming
languages
whether
you
want
to
choose
C
over
another
high
level
language
is
a
matter
of
opinion
and
both
technical
and
business
requirements
could
dictate
which
language
is
required