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‎File_IO_in_Python.ipynb‎

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{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "602c3bd6",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"#### **3. Opening and Closing Files in Python**\n",
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"\n",
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"To work with files in Python, we use the `open()` function.\n",
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"\n",
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"### 🔤 Syntax:\n",
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"```python\n",
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"file = open('filename.txt', 'mode')\n",
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"# Perform operations on the file\n",
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"file.close()\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "80cd34e1",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### **✅ Always close the file after opening it to free up system resources!**"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 2,
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"id": "f4af7a7c",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# Open the file 'example.txt' in write mode ('w')\n",
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"# If the file doesn't exist, it will be created.\n",
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"# If it does exist, its contents will be overwritten.\n",
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"file = open('example.txt', 'w')\n",
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"\n",
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"# Write a line of text into the file\n",
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"file.write('Hello, this is a sample file sk beekhani!')\n",
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"\n",
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"# Close the file to ensure data is saved and resources are released\n",
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"file.close()"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "7a7c8024",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### **4. Reading from and Writing to Files**\n",
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"\n",
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"We can use different **modes** while working with files:\n",
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"\n",
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"- `'r'` → **Read mode** (default)\n",
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"- `'w'` → **Write mode** (creates a new file or overwrites an existing one)\n",
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"- `'a'` → **Append mode** (adds data without deleting existing content)\n",
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"- `'r+'` → **Read and write mode**\n",
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"\n",
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"---\n",
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"\n",
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"### **✍️ Example: Writing and Reading a File in Python**"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "6d05dd33",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"#### 📘 Example: Read Mode (`'r'`)\n",
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"\n",
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"**Read Mode** (`'r'`) opens a file for reading. \n",
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"⚠️ The file **must exist**, otherwise a `FileNotFoundError` will be raised.\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 4,
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"id": "b4c45857",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"File Content: Hello, this is a sample file sk beekhani!\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# Now, let's open the file in read mode ('r') to read its contents\n",
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"try:\n",
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" with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:\n",
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" content = file.read()\n",
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" print('File Content:', content)\n",
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"except FileNotFoundError:\n",
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" print('Error: The file does not exist!')\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "c13c7e7d",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"#### ✍️ Example: Write Mode (`'w'`)\n",
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"\n",
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"**Write Mode** (`'w'`) opens a file for writing. \n",
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"- If the file exists, it **overwrites** the content. \n",
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"- If it doesn't exist, a **new file is created**."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 5,
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"id": "54c36dbc",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"File written successfully.\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"\n",
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"try:\n",
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" with open('example.txt', 'w') as file:\n",
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" file.write(\"This content will overwrite any existing text.\")\n",
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" print(\"File written successfully.\")\n",
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"except IOError:\n",
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" print(\"Error: Unable to write to the file.\")\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "dd41625d",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"#### ➕ Example: Append Mode (`'a'`)\n",
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"\n",
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"**Append Mode** (`'a'`) opens a file for appending. \n",
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"- If the file exists, new content is **added to the end** without deleting existing content. \n",
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"- If the file doesn't exist, it will be **created**."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 6,
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"id": "868816b2",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Content appended successfully.\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"try:\n",
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" with open('example.txt', 'a') as file:\n",
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" file.write(\"\\nThis line is added using append mode.\")\n",
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" print(\"Content appended successfully.\")\n",
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"except IOError:\n",
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" print(\"Error: Unable to append to the file.\")\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 8,
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"id": "995588eb",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"This content will overwrite any existing text.\n",
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"This line is added using append mode.\n",
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"Overwritten content.\n",
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"New line added.\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# Read mode\n",
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"with open('example.txt', 'r') as f:\n",
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" print(f.read())\n",
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"\n",
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"# Write mode\n",
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"with open('example.txt', 'w') as f:\n",
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" f.write(\"Overwritten content.\")\n",
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"\n",
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"# Append mode\n",
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"with open('example.txt', 'a') as f:\n",
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" f.write(\"\\nNew line added.\")\n",
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"\n",
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"# Read and Write mode\n",
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"with open('example.txt', 'r+') as f:\n",
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" print(f.read())\n",
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" f.write(\"\\nAdding more content with r+ mode.\")\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "03283591",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"#### 5. Working with JSON Files in Python\n",
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"\n",
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"JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a popular format for storing and exchanging data. Python provides a built-in `json` module to handle JSON files easily.\n",
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"\n",
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"### Example: Storing and Loading Data Using JSON Files\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 11,
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"id": "40ae465e",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Data has been written to 'data.json'.\n",
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"Data loaded from 'data.json': {'name': 'Suresh', 'age': 25, 'city': 'Lahore'}\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"\n",
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"import json\n",
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"\n",
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"# Sample dictionary\n",
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"data = {'name': 'Suresh', 'age': 25, 'city': 'Lahore'}\n",
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"\n",
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"# Writing data to a JSON file\n",
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"with open('data.json', 'w') as file:\n",
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" json.dump(data, file) # Convert dictionary to JSON and write to file\n",
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"\n",
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"print(\"Data has been written to 'data.json'.\")\n",
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"\n",
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"# Reading data from a JSON file\n",
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"with open('data.json', 'r') as file:\n",
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" loaded_data = json.load(file) # Read JSON data from file and convert to dictionary\n",
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" print(\"Data loaded from 'data.json':\", loaded_data)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "6b4a1fbe",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"#### 6. Handling File Exceptions\n",
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"\n",
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"Sometimes, errors occur while working with files. For example:\n",
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"- The file does not exist.\n",
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"- The program lacks permission to read/write.\n",
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"- The file is already in use by another program.\n",
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"\n",
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"To handle these issues, we can use the `try-except` block to catch and handle file-related exceptions.\n",
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"\n",
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"##### Example: Handling File Not Found and Permission Errors\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 12,
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"id": "98796842",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Error: The file does not exist!\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"try:\n",
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" with open('non_existent_file.txt', 'r') as file:\n",
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" content = file.read()\n",
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" print(content)\n",
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"\n",
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"except FileNotFoundError:\n",
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" print(\"Error: The file does not exist!\")\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"metadata": {
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"kernelspec": {
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"display_name": "Python 3",
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"language": "python",
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"name": "python3"
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},
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"language_info": {
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"codemirror_mode": {
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"name": "ipython",
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"version": 3
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},
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"file_extension": ".py",
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"mimetype": "text/x-python",
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"name": "python",
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"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
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"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
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"version": "3.10.16"
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}
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},
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"nbformat": 4,
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"nbformat_minor": 5
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}

‎data.json‎

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{"name": "Suresh", "age": 25, "city": "Lahore"}

‎example.txt‎

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Overwritten content.
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New line added.
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Adding more content with r+ mode.

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