Most of the heavy lifting is done in the configuration builder with some configuration being done in the web.config.
First, try running the WebSite project normally in Visual Studio. You can check out the configuration and try changing some values in the custom configuration section (<website>...</website>). You'll see information being put in the footer, external links being put in the navbar, and the name of the application changing.
Now run it in docker
$ docker build --rm -t solid/docker-demo-site -f WebSite/Dockerfile .
$ docker run -d --rm -p 8080:80 `
-e ASPNET__website__name='Dockerized' `
-e ASPNET__website__container__name='solid/docker-demo-site' `
-e ASPNET__website__externalLinks__link[1]__name='Solid softworks' `
-e ASPNET__website__externalLinks__link[1]__url='https//solidsoft.works' `
solid/docker-demo-site
We blogged about this.