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Merge pull request #4 from ProgressJava/develop
Add Java Major Releases section with detailed release information and…
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‎resources/java-major-releases/_category_.json‎

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{
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"label": "Java Major Releases",
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"position": 3,
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"link": {
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"type": "generated-index",
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"description": "Information about Java major releases including LTS and non-LTS versions."
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}
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}
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‎resources/java-major-releases/index.md‎

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---
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sidebar_position: 1
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title: Java Major Releases
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description: Overview of Java major releases
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---
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# Java Major Releases
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This section provides information about Java major releases, including LTS (Long-Term Support) and non-LTS versions.
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## Releases
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- [Java 8 (LTS)](./java-8)
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- [Java 9–10 (non-LTS)](./java-9-10)
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- [Java 11 (LTS)](./java-11)
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- [Java 12–16 (non-LTS)](./java-12-16)
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- [Java 17 (LTS)](./java-17)
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- [Java 18–20 (non-LTS)](./java-18-20)
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- [Java 21 (LTS)](./java-21)
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- [Java 22 (non-LTS)](./java-22)
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- [Java 23 (non-LTS)](./java-23)
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- [Java 24 (non-LTS)](./java-24)
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- [Java 25 (LTS)](./java-25)

‎resources/java-major-releases/java-11.md‎

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---
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sidebar_position: 4
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title: Java 11 (LTS)
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description: Java 11 Long-Term Support release information
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---
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# Java 11 (LTS)
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## Brief Release Summary
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Java 11 was the first LTS release after Java 8 and introduced significant changes including the removal of deprecated modules, new HTTP client, and improved performance. It's widely adopted in production environments.
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## Release Date
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**September 25, 2018**
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## Key Features Released
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- **HTTP Client (Standard)** - HTTP/2 and WebSocket support, now part of `java.net.http`
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- **Removal of Java EE and CORBA Modules** - Cleanup of deprecated modules
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- **Epsilon Garbage Collector** - No-op GC for performance testing
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- **ZGC (Experimental)** - Low-latency garbage collector
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- **Local-Variable Syntax for Lambda Parameters** - Enhanced `var` support
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- **Nest-Based Access Control** - Better support for nested classes
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- **Dynamic Class-File Constants** - Performance improvements
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- **Launch Single-File Source-Code Programs** - Run Java files directly without compilation
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- **Unicode 10 Support** - Updated Unicode support
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- **TLS 1.3 Support** - Enhanced security
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## References
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- [OpenJDK JDK 11 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/11/)

‎resources/java-major-releases/java-12-16.md‎

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---
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sidebar_position: 5
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title: Java 12–16 (non-LTS)
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description: Java 12 through 16 non-LTS releases information
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---
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# Java 12–16 (non-LTS)
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## Brief Release Summary
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These releases continued the rapid 6-month release cycle, introducing pattern matching, records, sealed classes, text blocks, and many performance improvements. These features laid the groundwork for modern Java development.
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## Release Dates
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- **Java 12**: March 19, 2019
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- **Java 13**: September 17, 2019
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- **Java 14**: March 17, 2020
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- **Java 15**: September 15, 2020
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- **Java 16**: March 16, 2021
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## Key Features Released
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### Java 12
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- **Switch Expressions (Preview)** - Enhanced switch statements
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- **Shenandoah GC (Experimental)** - Low-pause-time garbage collector
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- **Microbenchmark Suite** - JDK microbenchmark suite
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### Java 13
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- **Text Blocks (Preview)** - Multi-line string literals
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- **Switch Expressions (Preview)** - Continued preview
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- **ZGC Improvements** - Uncommitting unused memory
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- **Dynamic CDS Archives** - Application class-data sharing
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### Java 14
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- **Pattern Matching for instanceof (Preview)** - Simplified type checking and casting
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- **Records (Preview)** - Data classes for immutable data
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- **Text Blocks (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Helpful NullPointerExceptions** - Better error messages
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- **Packaging Tool (Incubator)** - Native package creation
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### Java 15
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- **Sealed Classes (Preview)** - Restricted class hierarchies
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- **Hidden Classes** - Framework-friendly hidden classes
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- **Text Blocks (Standard)** - Text blocks finalized
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- **ZGC and Shenandoah** - Production-ready alternative GCs
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- **Records (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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### Java 16
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- **Records (Standard)** - Records finalized
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- **Pattern Matching for instanceof (Standard)** - Pattern matching finalized
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- **Sealed Classes (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Vector API (Incubator)** - SIMD operations
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- **Foreign Linker API (Incubator)** - Native interop improvements
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- **Elastic Metaspace** - Better memory management
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## References
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- [OpenJDK JDK 12 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/12/)
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- [OpenJDK JDK 13 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/13/)
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- [OpenJDK JDK 14 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/14/)
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- [OpenJDK JDK 15 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/15/)
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- [OpenJDK JDK 16 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/16/)

‎resources/java-major-releases/java-17.md‎

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---
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sidebar_position: 6
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title: Java 17 (LTS)
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description: Java 17 Long-Term Support release information
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---
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# Java 17 (LTS)
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## Brief Release Summary
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Java 17 is the current LTS release, finalizing many preview features from previous versions including sealed classes, pattern matching, and records. It's the recommended version for production deployments.
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## Release Date
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**September 14, 2021**
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## Key Features Released
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- **Sealed Classes (Standard)** - Finalized sealed classes for controlled inheritance
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- **Pattern Matching for switch (Preview)** - Enhanced pattern matching
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- **Foreign Function & Memory API (Incubator)** - Improved native interop
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- **Vector API (Second Incubator)** - Continued SIMD operations
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- **Strongly Encapsulate JDK Internals** - Better security and modularity
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- **New macOS Rendering Pipeline** - Metal-based rendering
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- **macOS/AArch64 Port** - Native support for Apple Silicon
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- **Enhanced Pseudo-Random Number Generators** - New PRNG algorithms
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- **Context-Specific Deserialization Filters** - Better security
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- **Deprecate Applet API for Removal** - Cleanup of legacy APIs
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## References
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- [OpenJDK JDK 17 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/17/)

‎resources/java-major-releases/java-18-20.md‎

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---
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sidebar_position: 7
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title: Java 18–20 (non-LTS)
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description: Java 18 through 20 non-LTS releases information
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---
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# Java 18–20 (non-LTS)
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## Brief Release Summary
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These releases continued to refine Java with pattern matching improvements, virtual threads (Project Loom), structured concurrency, and scoped values. These features modernize Java's concurrency model.
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## Release Dates
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- **Java 18**: March 22, 2022
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- **Java 19**: September 20, 2022
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- **Java 20**: March 21, 2023
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## Key Features Released
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### Java 18
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- **UTF-8 by Default** - UTF-8 as default charset
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- **Simple Web Server** - HTTP server for prototyping
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- **Code Snippets in Java API Documentation** - Enhanced Javadoc
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- **Reimplement Core Reflection with Method Handles** - Performance improvements
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- **Internet-Address Resolution SPI** - Pluggable resolver
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- **Foreign Function & Memory API (Second Incubator)** - Continued native interop
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### Java 19
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- **Virtual Threads (Preview)** - Lightweight threads (Project Loom)
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- **Pattern Matching for switch (Third Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Record Patterns (Preview)** - Pattern matching for records
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- **Foreign Function & Memory API (Third Incubator)** - Continued improvements
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- **Structured Concurrency (Incubator)** - Simplified concurrent programming
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- **Vector API (Fourth Incubator)** - Continued SIMD operations
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### Java 20
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- **Scoped Values (Preview)** - Thread-local variables alternative
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- **Record Patterns (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Pattern Matching for switch (Fourth Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Foreign Function & Memory API (Fourth Incubator)** - Continued improvements
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- **Virtual Threads (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Structured Concurrency (Second Incubator)** - Continued improvements
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## References
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- [OpenJDK JDK 18 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/18/)
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- [OpenJDK JDK 19 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/19/)
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- [OpenJDK JDK 20 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/20/)

‎resources/java-major-releases/java-21.md‎

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title: Java 21 (LTS)
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description: Java 21 Long-Term Support release information
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---
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# Java 21 (LTS)
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## Brief Release Summary
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Java 21 is the latest LTS release, finalizing virtual threads, pattern matching, and records. It represents a major milestone in Java's evolution with significant concurrency improvements and modern language features.
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## Release Date
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**September 19, 2023**
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## Key Features Released
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- **Virtual Threads (Standard)** - Finalized lightweight threads for high-throughput concurrent applications
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- **Sequenced Collections** - New interfaces for ordered collections
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- **Record Patterns (Standard)** - Finalized pattern matching for records
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- **Pattern Matching for switch (Standard)** - Finalized pattern matching
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- **String Templates (Preview)** - String interpolation
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- **Scoped Values (Preview)** - Thread-local variables alternative
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- **Structured Concurrency (Preview)** - Simplified concurrent programming
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- **Foreign Function & Memory API (Preview)** - Native interop improvements
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- **Key Encapsulation Mechanism API** - Post-quantum cryptography
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- **Generational ZGC** - Improved garbage collection
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- **Deprecate Windows 32-bit x86 Port** - Platform cleanup
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## References
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- [OpenJDK JDK 21 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/21/)

‎resources/java-major-releases/java-22.md‎

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title: Java 22 (non-LTS)
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description: Java 22 non-LTS release information
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---
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# Java 22 (non-LTS)
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## Brief Release Summary
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Java 22 continued to refine preview features and introduced new capabilities including class-file API, stream gatherers, and improvements to foreign function and memory API.
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## Release Date
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**March 19, 2024**
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## Key Features Released
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- **String Templates (Second Preview)** - Continued string interpolation improvements
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- **Statements before super() (Preview)** - More flexible constructor initialization
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- **Structured Concurrency (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Scoped Values (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Foreign Function & Memory API (Second Preview)** - Continued native interop
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- **Class-File API (Preview)** - Programmatic access to class files
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- **Stream Gatherers (Preview)** - Custom intermediate stream operations
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- **Implicitly Declared Classes and Instance Main Methods (Second Preview)** - Simplified Java programs
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- **Region Pinning for G1 GC** - Performance improvements
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- **Launch Multi-File Source-Code Programs** - Run multiple Java files
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## References
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- [OpenJDK JDK 22 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/22/)

‎resources/java-major-releases/java-23.md‎

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title: Java 23 (non-LTS)
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description: Java 23 non-LTS release information
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---
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# Java 23 (non-LTS)
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## Brief Release Summary
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Java 23 introduced further refinements to preview features and new capabilities including vector API improvements, enhanced foreign function support, and continued evolution of modern Java features.
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## Release Date
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**September 17, 2024**
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## Key Features Released
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- **String Templates (Third Preview)** - Continued string interpolation improvements
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- **Statements before super() (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Structured Concurrency (Third Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Scoped Values (Third Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Foreign Function & Memory API (Third Preview)** - Continued native interop
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- **Class-File API (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Stream Gatherers (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Vector API (Seventh Incubator)** - Continued SIMD operations
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- **Primitive Types in Patterns, instanceof, and switch (Preview)** - Enhanced pattern matching
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- **Flexible Constructor Bodies (Preview)** - More flexible constructor syntax
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## References
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- [OpenJDK JDK 23 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/23/)

‎resources/java-major-releases/java-24.md‎

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title: Java 24 (non-LTS)
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description: Java 24 non-LTS release information
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---
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# Java 24 (non-LTS)
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## Brief Release Summary
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Java 24 continued the evolution of preview features with improvements to string templates, foreign function API, and new experimental features preparing for future releases.
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## Release Date
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**March 18, 2025**
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## Key Features Released
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- **String Templates (Fourth Preview)** - Continued string interpolation improvements
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- **Statements before super() (Third Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Structured Concurrency (Fourth Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Scoped Values (Fourth Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Foreign Function & Memory API (Fourth Preview)** - Continued native interop
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- **Class-File API (Third Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Stream Gatherers (Third Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Primitive Types in Patterns (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Flexible Constructor Bodies (Second Preview)** - Continued improvements
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- **Value Objects (Preview)** - Immutable value types
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## References
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- [OpenJDK JDK 24 Release Page](https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/24/)

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