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tea.py
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tea.py
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from util import *
from helper import load_fuel_tech_eff_factor, load_conversion_factors, load_railroad_values, \
load_tea_battery_lookup, load_tea_hydrogen_lookup, elec_rate_state
'''
BATTERY
'''
def tea_battery(peak_loc: float, avg_loc: float, avg_mwh: float, elec_rate: float,
max_util: float = 0.88):
"""
Calculates the breakdown of LCO into capital, O&M, and energy costs as well as the capital investment,
annual O&M + energy cost, and actual average utilization and number of chargers for a battery charging facility
of given throughput and size based on <peak_loc>, <max_util>, and <avg_loc>.
Parameters
----------
peak_loc : float
The peak number of locomotives that need to be charged at the facility
avg_loc : float
The average number of locomotives that need to be charged at the facility
avg_mwh : float
The total average energy consumption of the locomotives at the facility in MWh
elec_rate : float
The cost of electricity in $/kWh
max_util : float, optional
The maximum utilization of the facility, by default 0.88
station_type : str, optional
The type of charging station, by default None
Returns
-------
dict
A dictionary containing the breakdown of LCO, capital investment, annual costs, actual utilization and
number of chargers
"""
# perform interpolation of results for a facility of given <peak_loc>, <max_util>, and <avg_loc> and
# return the breakdown of LCO into: capital, O&M, and energy
# and the capital investment, annual O&M + energy cost, and actual avg utilization and number of chargers
# future versions will include params for charger type (power) locomotive energy storage, etc.
# for selected facilities that do not consume electricity from the grid, but instead from locomotive traffic,
# size them according to their energy demand from the facility_sizing module
df = load_tea_battery_lookup()
charge_time = df.loc[0, 'Total Charging Time per locomotive [hrs]']
if peak_loc == 0 and avg_loc == 0:
return dict(station_LCO=0, om_LCO=0, energy_LCO=0, total_LCO=0, annual_total_cost=0, daily_energy_kwh=0,
annual_energy_kwh=0, station_total=0, annual_om_energy=0, actual_utilization=0, number_chargers=0,
charge_time=charge_time)
locos_p_charger = list(df['Locomotive per charger'].unique())
# isolate station utilization and locomotive per charger to get relationship between util and throughput
df_util_loco_p_charger = df[['Station Utilization', 'Locomotive per charger']].groupby(
by=['Station Utilization', 'Locomotive per charger'], as_index=False).first()
# find maximum number of locomotives per charger for given maximum utilization (discrete throughput)
max_int_loco_p_charger = df_util_loco_p_charger[df_util_loco_p_charger['Station Utilization'] <= max_util].dropna()[
'Locomotive per charger'].max()
# compute number of chargers needed
number_of_charger = np.ceil(peak_loc / max_int_loco_p_charger)
# compute actual (average) number of locomotives per charger for station
actual_loco_p_charger = (avg_loc / number_of_charger)
# compute actual (average) utilization for station
actual_util = actual_loco_p_charger * charge_time / 24
# check if average number of locomotives exceeds values in lookup table and replace
max_loc = max(df['Number of Locomotive'])
avg_loc_multiplier = 1
if avg_loc >= max_loc:
avg_loc_multiplier = avg_loc / max_loc # estimator of cost scaling when number of locomotives is very large
avg_loc = max_loc
elif avg_loc < 1:
avg_loc = 1
avg_loc = int(avg_loc)
value_cols = ['Total energy [MWh]', 'Capital cost [$/kWh]', 'O&M less energy [$/kWh]', 'Energy [$/kWh]',
'Total charging cost [$/kWh]', 'Charging station capital investment',
'Annual O&M cost (w/energy cost)']
df_lookup = df.groupby(by=['Number of Locomotive', 'Locomotive per charger']).first().loc[(avg_loc, slice(None))]
if actual_loco_p_charger <= min(locos_p_charger):
# use min util
lookup_locos = min(locos_p_charger)
df_results = df_lookup.loc[lookup_locos]
elif actual_loco_p_charger >= max(locos_p_charger):
# use max util
lookup_locos = max(locos_p_charger)
df_results = df_lookup.loc[lookup_locos]
else:
# use upper and lower and interpolate
# find maximum number of locomotives per charger for given maximum utilization (discrete throughput)
upper_loco = int(np.ceil(actual_loco_p_charger))
lower_loco = int(np.floor(actual_loco_p_charger))
if upper_loco == lower_loco:
scale = 1
else:
scale = (actual_loco_p_charger - lower_loco) / (upper_loco - lower_loco)
df_upper = df_lookup.loc[upper_loco][value_cols]
df_lower = df_lookup.loc[lower_loco][value_cols]
df_results = df_lower + scale * (df_upper - df_lower)
total_LCO = df_results['Capital cost [$/kWh]'] + df_results['O&M less energy [$/kWh]'] + elec_rate
return dict(station_LCO=df_results['Capital cost [$/kWh]'], om_LCO=df_results['O&M less energy [$/kWh]'],
energy_LCO=elec_rate, total_LCO=total_LCO,
annual_total_cost=(total_LCO * avg_mwh * 1000 * 365),
daily_energy_kwh=avg_mwh * 1000, annual_energy_kwh=avg_mwh * 1000 * 365,
station_total=avg_loc_multiplier * df_results['Charging station capital investment'],
annual_om_energy=avg_loc_multiplier * df_results['Annual O&M cost (w/energy cost)'],
actual_utilization=actual_util, number_chargers=number_of_charger, charge_time=charge_time)
def tea_battery_all_facilities(G: nx.DiGraph, max_util: float = 0.88, clean_energy_cost: float = None,
tender_cost_p_tonmi: float = None, diesel_cost_p_gal: float = None) -> nx.DiGraph:
"""
Compute aggregate statistics for battery technology deployment in all facilities. Use the percentage of ton-mi increase
to calculate all in terms of baseline ton-miles.
Parameters
----------
tender_cost_p_tonmi
G : nx.DiGraph
Graph containing all the facilities and edges.
max_util : float, optional
Maximum station utilization, by default 0.88
station_type : str, optional
Type of station, by default None
clean_energy_cost : float, optional
Cost of clean energy, by default None
Returns
-------
None
"""
# compute aggregate statistics for tech. deployment
# use the percentage of ton-mi increase to calculate all in terms of baseline ton-miles
if clean_energy_cost is None:
clean_energy_cost = 0
# cost of electricity for each node based on state rates in [$/MWh]
cost_p_location = elec_rate_state(G, clean_elec_prem_dolkwh=clean_energy_cost)
# load fuel technology factors
ds = G.graph['scenario']
ft_ef = load_fuel_tech_eff_factor().loc[ds['fuel_type']] # fuel tech efficiency factors
# lookup dataframes for constants
rr_v = load_railroad_values().loc[ds['railroad']]
cf = load_conversion_factors()['Value'] # numerical constants for conversion across units
eff_kwh_p_batt = ds['eff_kwh_p_batt'] # effective battery capacity
# calculate conversion factor from ton-miles to kwh
tonmi2kwh = (rr_v['Energy intensity (btu/ton-mi)'] * (1 / cf['btu/kwh']) *
(1 / rr_v['Energy correction factor']) * (1 / ft_ef['Efficiency factor']) * (1 / ft_ef['Loss']))
# calculate number of batteries per locomotive based on range and effective battery energy capacity
batt_p_loc = tonmi2kwh * rr_v['ton/loc'] * ds['range_mi'] * (1 / eff_kwh_p_batt)
# store listed kwh per battery in graph data
G.graph['scenario']['listed_kwh_p_batt'] = eff_kwh_p_batt * (1 / ft_ef['Effective capacity'])
G.graph['scenario']['batt_p_loc'] = batt_p_loc
comm_list = list({c for u, v in G.edges for c in G.edges[u, v]['battery_avg_ton'].keys()})
# create dictionary of ton-mile deflation factors for each commodity
tonmi_deflation_factor = {c: 1 - G.graph['operations']['perc_tonmi_inc'][c] / 100 for c in comm_list}
# calculate total battery ton-miles for each commodity
battery_tonmi = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v]['battery_avg_ton'][c] * G.edges[u, v]['miles']
for u, v in G.edges]) * tonmi_deflation_factor[c] for c in comm_list}
# replace any zero values with 1
battery_tonmi.update({c: battery_tonmi[c] if battery_tonmi[c] > 0 else 1 for c in comm_list})
# car_dol_hr = 0 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr
# car_dol_hr_im = 0 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr for intermodal
car_dol_hr = 8.42 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr
car_dol_hr_im = 26.95 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr for intermodal
# delay_tonmi for IM
im_share_tonmi = battery_tonmi['IM'] / battery_tonmi['TOTAL'] if battery_tonmi['TOTAL'] != 0 else 0
# for each node in G
for n in G:
# if there is a facilit located at n
if G.nodes[n]['facility'] == 1:
# if the facility is merely an energy transfer point (does not consume energy from the grid)
if 'energy_transfer' in G.nodes[n]['avg'].keys() and G.nodes[n]['avg']['energy_transfer']:
# apply tea_battery function to compute the costs based on the peak and average number of locomotives
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'] = tea_battery(np.ceil(G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc),
np.ceil(G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc),
-G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_demand_mwh'], 0,
max_util=max_util)
# if the facility does consume energy from the grid
else:
# apply tea_battery function to compute the costs based on the peak and average number of locomotives
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'] = tea_battery(np.ceil(G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc),
np.ceil(G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc),
G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_supply_mwh'],
cost_p_location[n] / 1000, max_util=max_util)
# get the time required to charge per locomotive
charge_time = G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['charge_time']
# get the average and peak queue times and lengths
lq_avg, wq_avg = queue_model(G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc / 24,
1 / charge_time,
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_chargers'])
lq_peak, wq_peak = queue_model(G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc / 24,
1 / charge_time,
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_chargers'])
# update the TEA dictionary with the new values
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
charge_time=charge_time,
avg_queue_time_p_loc=wq_avg,
avg_queue_length=lq_avg / batt_p_loc,
peak_queue_time_p_loc=wq_peak,
peak_queue_length=lq_peak / batt_p_loc,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car=(charge_time + wq_avg) * car_dol_hr,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_loc=((charge_time + wq_avg) * car_dol_hr *
(rr_v['car/train'] / rr_v['loc/train'])),
total_daily_delay_cost=((car_dol_hr + (car_dol_hr_im - car_dol_hr) * im_share_tonmi) *
(charge_time + wq_avg) *
(rr_v['car/train'] / rr_v['loc/train']) * G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'])
))
# if there is no facility at node n
else:
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'] = tea_battery(0, 0, 0, 0, max_util=max_util)
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
charge_time=0,
avg_queue_time_p_loc=0,
avg_queue_length=0,
peak_queue_time_p_loc=0,
peak_queue_length=0,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car=0,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_loc=0,
total_daily_delay_cost=0
))
# get the maximum charge time per locomotive of all the station locations
charge_time = max([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['charge_time'] for n in G])
# calculate the battery ton-miles by commodity
battery_tonmi = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v]['battery_avg_ton'][c] * G.edges[u, v]['miles']
for u, v in G.edges]) * tonmi_deflation_factor[c] for c in comm_list}
# calculate the support diesel ton-miles by commodity
support_diesel_tonmi = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v]['support_diesel_avg_ton'][c] * G.edges[u, v]['miles']
for u, v in G.edges]) * tonmi_deflation_factor[c] for c in comm_list}
# calculate the support diesel fuel consumption [gal] by commodity
support_diesel_gal = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v]['support_diesel_avg_gal'][c] for u, v in G.edges]) for c in comm_list}
# calculate the baseline (diesel) ton-miles by commodity
baseline_total_tonmi = {c: battery_tonmi[c] + support_diesel_tonmi[c] for c in comm_list}
# update to remove zero values (division issues)
baseline_total_tonmi.update({c: baseline_total_tonmi[c] if baseline_total_tonmi[c] > 0 else 1 for c in comm_list})
# calculate the average energy consumed [kWh] by commodity
avg_battery_energy_kwh = {c: sum(G.edges[u, v]['battery_avg_kwh'][c] for u, v in G.edges) for c in comm_list}
# calculate the peak energy consumed [kWh] by commodity
peak_battery_energy_kwh = {c: sum(G.edges[u, v]['battery_peak_kwh'][c] for u, v in G.edges) for c in comm_list}
if tender_cost_p_tonmi is None:
tender_cost_p_tonmi = rr_v['battery $/ton-mile']
# load battery $/ton-mi; cost of battery is with respect to nameplate capacity, not effective capacity
battery_LCO_tonmi = batt_p_loc * tender_cost_p_tonmi * (1 / ft_ef['Effective capacity'])
# convert to battery $/kWh by commodity
battery_LCO_kwh = {c: battery_LCO_tonmi * battery_tonmi[c] /
avg_battery_energy_kwh[c] if avg_battery_energy_kwh[c] > 0 else 0 for c in comm_list}
if diesel_cost_p_gal is None:
# load dataframe for cost factors of diesel: index is fuel_type, column is value in [$/gal]
df_dropin = load_tea_dropin_lookup()
diesel_factor = df_dropin.loc['diesel', '$/gal']
else:
diesel_factor = diesel_cost_p_gal
# calculate the total of average number of locomotives
avg_tot_loc = sum([G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
if round(avg_tot_loc) == 0:
avg_tot_loc = 0
# calculate the total of peak number of locomotives
peak_tot_loc = sum([G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
if round(peak_tot_loc) == 0:
peak_tot_loc = 0
# compute and store average TEA calculations as graph attributes
G.graph['energy_source_TEA'] = dict(
# avg station_LCO per kWh should be the total cost of the station (from peak value) over the avg usage
station_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO'] * 1000 * G.nodes[n]['peak']['daily_supply_mwh']
for n in G]) / avg_battery_energy_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# battery cost per kWh
battery_LCO_kwh=battery_LCO_kwh,
# O&M cost per kWh
om_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO'] * 1000 * G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_supply_mwh']
for n in G]) / avg_battery_energy_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# electricity cost per kWh
energy_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO'] * 1000 * G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_supply_mwh']
for n in G]) / avg_battery_energy_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# estimated delay cost of charging and queuing per kWh
delay_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_daily_delay_cost'] for n in G]) /
avg_battery_energy_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# total cost per kWh
total_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_LCO'] * 1000 * G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_supply_mwh'] +
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_daily_delay_cost'] for n in G]) /
avg_battery_energy_kwh['TOTAL'] + battery_LCO_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# amortized station capital cost (annual)
station_annual_cost=365 * sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO'] * 1000 *
G.nodes[n]['peak']['daily_supply_mwh'] for n in G]),
# amortized battery capital cost (annual)
battery_annual_cost={c: 365 * battery_LCO_tonmi * battery_tonmi[c] for c in comm_list},
# station capital cost
station_total=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['station_total'] for n in G])),
# average station utilization over entire network
actual_utilization=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['actual_utilization'] *
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['daily_energy_kwh'] for n in G]) /
avg_battery_energy_kwh['TOTAL']),
# total number of chargers installed
number_chargers=sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_chargers'] for n in G]),
# average number of chargers per station
charger_per_station=round((sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_chargers'] *
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['daily_energy_kwh'] for n in G]) /
avg_battery_energy_kwh['TOTAL']), 1),
# daily energy consumption in kWh
daily_energy_kwh=sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['daily_energy_kwh'] for n in G]),
# annual energy consumption in kWh
annual_energy_kwh=sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['annual_energy_kwh'] for n in G]),
# charge time per locomotive [hrs]
charge_time=charge_time,
# average queue time per locomotive [hrs]
avg_queue_time_p_loc=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['avg_queue_time_p_loc'] *
G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']]) /
avg_tot_loc),
# average queue length [# locomotives]
avg_queue_length=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['avg_queue_length'] *
G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']]) / avg_tot_loc),
# average queue time per locomotive for peak locomotive throughput [hrs]
peak_queue_time_p_loc=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['peak_queue_time_p_loc'] *
G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
/ peak_tot_loc),
# average queue length for peak locomotive throughput [# locomotives]
peak_queue_length=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['peak_queue_length'] *
G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
/ peak_tot_loc),
# average daily delay cost per car
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car'] *
G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']]) /
avg_tot_loc),
# total daily delay cost
total_daily_delay_cost=sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_daily_delay_cost'] for n in G]),
# total annual delay cost
total_annual_delay_cost=365 * sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_daily_delay_cost'] for n in G])
)
# update dictionary with levelized cost calculations computed in terms of [$/ton-mile]
G.graph['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
# avg station_LCO per tonmi should be the total cost of the station (from peak value) over the battery tonmi
station_LCO_tonmi=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_kwh'][c] * peak_battery_energy_kwh[c] / battery_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list])),
# battery levelized cost per ton-mi
battery_LCO_tonmi={c: battery_LCO_tonmi for c in comm_list},
# O&M levelized cost per ton-mi
om_LCO_tonmi=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_kwh'][c] * avg_battery_energy_kwh[c] / battery_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list])),
# energy/electricity levelized cost per ton-mi
energy_LCO_tonmi=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_kwh'][c] * avg_battery_energy_kwh[c] / battery_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list])),
# delay levelized cost per ton-mi
delay_LCO_tonmi=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['delay_LCO_kwh'][c] * avg_battery_energy_kwh[c] / battery_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list]))
))
G.graph['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
# total levelized cost per ton-mi (only for battery costs)
total_LCO_tonmi={c: (G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['delay_LCO_tonmi'][c]) for c in comm_list},
# total levelized cost per ton-mi (for battery and support diesel operations costs)
total_scenario_LCO_tonmi={c: ((G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['delay_LCO_tonmi'][c]) * battery_tonmi[c] +
diesel_factor * support_diesel_gal[c]) / baseline_total_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list},
# total levelized cost (excluding delay costs) per ton-mi (only for battery costs)
total_nodelay_LCO_tonmi={c: (G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c]) for c in comm_list},
# total levelized cost (excluding delay costs) per ton-mi (for battery and support diesel operations costs)
total_scenario_nodelay_LCO_tonmi={c: ((G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c]) * battery_tonmi[c] +
diesel_factor * support_diesel_gal[c]) / baseline_total_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list},
# annual cost related to battery operations
annual_battery_total_cost={c: 365 * (G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c]) * battery_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list},
# annual cost associated with support diesel operations
annual_support_diesel_total_cost={c: 365 * diesel_factor * support_diesel_gal[c] for c in comm_list},
# annual total cost for complete scenario (includes respective batter and support diesel costs)
annual_total_cost={c: 365 * ((G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['delay_LCO_tonmi'][c]) * battery_tonmi[c] +
diesel_factor * support_diesel_gal[c]) for c in comm_list}
))
return G
def tea_hybrid(G: nx.DiGraph, max_util: float = 0.88, station_type: str = None, clean_energy_cost: float = None,
tender_cost_p_tonmi: float = None, diesel_cost_p_gal: float = None) -> nx.DiGraph:
"""
Compute aggregate statistics for battery technology deployment in all facilities. Use the percentage of ton-mi increase
to calculate all in terms of baseline ton-miles.
Parameters
----------
tender_cost_p_tonmi
G : nx.DiGraph
Graph containing all the facilities and edges.
max_util : float, optional
Maximum station utilization, by default 0.88
station_type : str, optional
Type of station, by default None
clean_energy_cost : float, optional
Cost of clean energy, by default None
Returns
-------
None
"""
# compute aggregate statistics for tech. deployment
# use the percentage of ton-mi increase to calculate all in terms of baseline ton-miles
if clean_energy_cost is None:
clean_energy_cost = 0
# cost of electricity for each node based on state rates in [$/MWh]
cost_p_location = elec_rate_state(G, clean_elec_prem_dolkwh=clean_energy_cost)
fuel_type = G.graph['scenario']['fuel_type']
fuel_type_battery = fuel_type + '_battery'
fuel_type_diesel = fuel_type + '_diesel'
# load fuel technology factors
ft_ef = load_fuel_tech_eff_factor().loc['battery'] # fuel tech efficiency factor for battery locos
rr_v = load_railroad_values().loc[G.graph['railroad']]
# number of batteries per locomotive
batt_p_loc = 1
# store listed kwh per battery in graph data
# G.graph['scenario']['listed_kwh_p_batt'] = eff_kwh_p_batt * (1 / ft_ef['Effective capacity'])
G.graph['scenario']['batt_p_loc'] = batt_p_loc
# listed_kwh_p_loc = G.graph['operations']['listed_kwh_p_loc']
comm_list = list({c for u, v in G.edges for c in G.edges[u, v][fuel_type + '_avg_ton'].keys()})
# create dictionary of ton-mile deflation factors for each commodity
tonmi_deflation_factor = {c: 1 - G.graph['operations']['perc_tonmi_inc'][c] / 100 for c in comm_list}
# calculate total battery ton-miles for each commodity
hybrid_tonmi = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v][fuel_type + '_avg_ton'][c] * G.edges[u, v]['miles']
for u, v in G.edges]) * tonmi_deflation_factor[c] for c in comm_list}
# replace any zero values with 1
hybrid_tonmi.update({c: hybrid_tonmi[c] if hybrid_tonmi[c] > 0 else 1 for c in comm_list})
# car_dol_hr = 0 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr
# car_dol_hr_im = 0 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr for intermodal
car_dol_hr = 8.42 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr
car_dol_hr_im = 26.95 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr for intermodal
# delay_tonmi for IM
im_share_tonmi = hybrid_tonmi['IM'] / hybrid_tonmi['TOTAL'] if hybrid_tonmi['TOTAL'] != 0 else 0
# for each node in G
for n in G:
# if there is a facility located at n
if G.nodes[n]['facility'] == 1:
# if the facility is merely an energy transfer point (does not consume energy from the grid)
if 'energy_transfer' in G.nodes[n]['avg'].keys() and G.nodes[n]['avg']['energy_transfer']:
# apply tea_battery function to compute the costs based on the peak and average number of locomotives
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'] = tea_battery(np.ceil(G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc),
np.ceil(G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc),
-G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_demand_mwh'], 0,
max_util=max_util)
# if the facility does consume energy from the grid
else:
# apply tea_battery function to compute the costs based on the peak and average number of locomotives
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'] = tea_battery(np.ceil(G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc),
np.ceil(G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc),
G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_supply_mwh'],
cost_p_location[n] / 1000,
max_util=max_util)
# get the time required to charge per locomotive
charge_time = G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['charge_time']
# get the average and peak queue times and lengths
lq_avg, wq_avg = queue_model(G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc / 24,
1 / charge_time,
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_chargers'])
lq_peak, wq_peak = queue_model(G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] * batt_p_loc / 24,
1 / charge_time,
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_chargers'])
# update the TEA dictionary with the new values
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
charge_time=charge_time,
avg_queue_time_p_loc=wq_avg,
avg_queue_length=lq_avg / batt_p_loc,
peak_queue_time_p_loc=wq_peak,
peak_queue_length=lq_peak / batt_p_loc,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car=(charge_time + wq_avg) * car_dol_hr,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_loc=((charge_time + wq_avg) * car_dol_hr *
(rr_v['car/train'] / rr_v['loc/train'])),
total_daily_delay_cost=((car_dol_hr + (car_dol_hr_im - car_dol_hr) * im_share_tonmi) *
(charge_time + wq_avg) *
(rr_v['car/train'] / rr_v['loc/train']) * G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'])
))
# if there is no facility at node n
else:
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'] = tea_battery(0, 0, 0, 0, max_util=max_util)
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
charge_time=0,
avg_queue_time_p_loc=0,
avg_queue_length=0,
peak_queue_time_p_loc=0,
peak_queue_length=0,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car=0,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_loc=0,
total_daily_delay_cost=0
))
# get the maximum charge time per locomotive of all the station locations
charge_time = max([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['charge_time'] for n in G])
# calculate the support diesel ton-miles by commodity
support_diesel_tonmi = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v]['support_diesel_avg_ton'][c] * G.edges[u, v]['miles']
for u, v in G.edges]) * tonmi_deflation_factor[c] for c in comm_list}
# calculate the support diesel fuel consumption [gal] by commodity
support_diesel_gal = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v]['support_diesel_avg_gal'][c] for u, v in G.edges]) for c in comm_list}
# calculate the baseline (diesel) ton-miles by commodity
baseline_total_tonmi = {c: hybrid_tonmi[c] + support_diesel_tonmi[c] for c in comm_list}
# update to remove zero values (division issues)
baseline_total_tonmi.update({c: baseline_total_tonmi[c] if baseline_total_tonmi[c] > 0 else 1 for c in comm_list})
# calculate the average hybrid energy consumed [kWh] by commodity
avg_hybrid_battery_kwh = {c: sum(G.edges[u, v][fuel_type_battery + '_avg_kwh'][c] for u, v in G.edges)
for c in comm_list}
# calculate the peak hybrid energy consumed [kWh] by commodity
peak_hybrid_battery_kwh = {c: sum(G.edges[u, v][fuel_type_battery + '_peak_kwh'][c] for u, v in G.edges)
for c in comm_list}
# calculate the average gallons of hybrid diesel consumed [gal] by commodity
avg_hybrid_diesel_gal = {c: sum(G.edges[u, v][fuel_type_diesel + '_avg_gal'][c] for u, v in G.edges)
for c in comm_list}
# calculate the peak gallons of hybrid diesel consumed [gal] by commodity
peak_hybrid_diesel_gal = {c: sum(G.edges[u, v][fuel_type_diesel + '_peak_gal'][c] for u, v in G.edges)
for c in comm_list}
if tender_cost_p_tonmi is None:
tender_cost_p_tonmi = rr_v['battery $/ton-mile']
# load battery $/ton-mi; cost of battery is with respect to nameplate capacity, not effective capacity
battery_LCO_tonmi = batt_p_loc * tender_cost_p_tonmi * (1 / ft_ef['Effective capacity'])
# convert to battery $/kWh by commodity
battery_LCO_kwh = {c: (battery_LCO_tonmi * hybrid_tonmi[c] /
avg_hybrid_battery_kwh[c]) if avg_hybrid_battery_kwh[c] > 0 else 0 for c in comm_list}
if diesel_cost_p_gal is None:
# load dataframe for cost factors of diesel: index is fuel_type, column is value in [$/gal]
df_dropin = load_tea_dropin_lookup()
diesel_factor = df_dropin.loc['diesel', '$/gal']
else:
diesel_factor = diesel_cost_p_gal
# calculate the total of average number of locomotives
avg_tot_loc = sum([G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
if round(avg_tot_loc) == 0:
avg_tot_loc = 0
# calculate the total of peak number of locomotives
peak_tot_loc = sum([G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
if round(peak_tot_loc) == 0:
peak_tot_loc = 0
# compute and store average TEA calculations as graph attributes
G.graph['energy_source_TEA'] = dict(
# avg station_LCO per kWh should be the total cost of the station (from peak value) over the avg usage
station_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO'] * 1000 * G.nodes[n]['peak']['daily_supply_mwh']
for n in G]) / avg_hybrid_battery_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# battery cost per kWh
battery_LCO_kwh=battery_LCO_kwh,
# O&M cost per kWh
om_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO'] * 1000 * G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_supply_mwh']
for n in G]) / avg_hybrid_battery_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# electricity cost per kWh
energy_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO'] * 1000 * G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_supply_mwh']
for n in G]) / avg_hybrid_battery_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# estimated delay cost of charging and queuing per kWh
delay_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_daily_delay_cost'] for n in G]) /
avg_hybrid_battery_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# total cost per kWh
total_LCO_kwh=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_LCO'] * 1000 * G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_supply_mwh'] +
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_daily_delay_cost'] for n in G]) /
avg_hybrid_battery_kwh['TOTAL'] + battery_LCO_kwh['TOTAL'] for c in comm_list])),
# amortized station capital cost (annual)
station_annual_cost=365 * sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO'] * 1000 *
G.nodes[n]['peak']['daily_supply_mwh'] for n in G]),
# amortized battery capital cost (annual)
battery_annual_cost={c: 365 * battery_LCO_tonmi * hybrid_tonmi[c] for c in comm_list},
# station capital cost
station_total=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['station_total'] for n in G])),
# average station utilization over entire network
actual_utilization=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['actual_utilization'] *
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['daily_energy_kwh'] for n in G]) /
avg_hybrid_battery_kwh['TOTAL']),
# total number of chargers installed
number_chargers=sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_chargers'] for n in G]),
# average number of chargers per station
charger_per_station=round((sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_chargers'] *
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['daily_energy_kwh'] for n in G]) /
avg_hybrid_battery_kwh['TOTAL']), 1),
# daily energy consumption in kWh
daily_energy_kwh=sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['daily_energy_kwh'] for n in G]),
# annual energy consumption in kWh
annual_energy_kwh=sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['annual_energy_kwh'] for n in G]),
# charge time per locomotive [hrs]
charge_time=charge_time,
# average queue time per locomotive [hrs]
avg_queue_time_p_loc=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['avg_queue_time_p_loc'] *
G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']]) /
avg_tot_loc),
# average queue length [# locomotives]
avg_queue_length=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['avg_queue_length'] *
G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']]) / avg_tot_loc),
# average queue time per locomotive for peak locomotive throughput [hrs]
peak_queue_time_p_loc=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['peak_queue_time_p_loc'] *
G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
/ peak_tot_loc),
# average queue length for peak locomotive throughput [# locomotives]
peak_queue_length=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['peak_queue_length'] *
G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
/ peak_tot_loc),
# average daily delay cost per car
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car=(sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car'] *
G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']]) /
avg_tot_loc),
# total daily delay cost
total_daily_delay_cost=sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_daily_delay_cost'] for n in G]),
# total annual delay cost
total_annual_delay_cost=365 * sum([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['total_daily_delay_cost'] for n in G])
)
# update dictionary with levelized cost calculations computed in terms of [$/ton-mile]
G.graph['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
# avg station_LCO per tonmi should be the total cost of the station (from peak value) over the battery tonmi
station_LCO_tonmi=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_kwh'][c] * peak_hybrid_battery_kwh[c] / hybrid_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list])),
# battery levelized cost per ton-mi
battery_LCO_tonmi={c: battery_LCO_tonmi for c in comm_list},
# O&M levelized cost per ton-mi
om_LCO_tonmi=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_kwh'][c] * avg_hybrid_battery_kwh[c] / hybrid_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list])),
# energy/electricity levelized cost per ton-mi
energy_LCO_tonmi=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_kwh'][c] * avg_hybrid_battery_kwh[c] / hybrid_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list])),
# diesel fuel levelized cost per ton-mi
fuel_LCO_tonmi=dict(zip(
comm_list, [diesel_factor * avg_hybrid_diesel_gal[c] / hybrid_tonmi[c] for c in comm_list])),
# delay levelized cost per ton-mi
delay_LCO_tonmi=dict(zip(
comm_list,
[G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['delay_LCO_kwh'][c] * avg_hybrid_battery_kwh[c] / hybrid_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list]))
))
G.graph['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
# total levelized cost per ton-mi (only for battery costs)
total_LCO_tonmi={c: (G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['fuel_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['delay_LCO_tonmi'][c]) for c in comm_list},
# total levelized cost per ton-mi (for battery and support diesel operations costs)
total_scenario_LCO_tonmi={c: ((G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['fuel_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['delay_LCO_tonmi'][c]) * hybrid_tonmi[c] +
diesel_factor * support_diesel_gal[c]) / baseline_total_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list},
# total levelized cost (excluding delay costs) per ton-mi (only for battery costs)
total_nodelay_LCO_tonmi={c: (G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['fuel_LCO_tonmi'][c]) for c in comm_list},
# total levelized cost (excluding delay costs) per ton-mi (for battery and support diesel operations costs)
total_scenario_nodelay_LCO_tonmi={c: ((G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['fuel_LCO_tonmi'][c]) * hybrid_tonmi[c] +
diesel_factor * support_diesel_gal[c]) / baseline_total_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list},
# annual cost related to battery operations
annual_battery_total_cost={c: 365 * (G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c]) * hybrid_tonmi[c]
for c in comm_list},
# annual cost associated with support diesel operations
annual_support_diesel_total_cost={c: 365 * diesel_factor * support_diesel_gal[c] for c in comm_list},
# annual total cost for complete scenario (includes respective batter and support diesel costs)
annual_total_cost={c: 365 * ((G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['station_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['battery_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['om_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['energy_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['fuel_LCO_tonmi'][c] +
G.graph['energy_source_TEA']['delay_LCO_tonmi'][c]) * hybrid_tonmi[c] +
diesel_factor * support_diesel_gal[c]) for c in comm_list}
))
return G
'''
HYDROGEN
'''
def tea_hydrogen(peak_loc: float, avg_loc: float, avg_kgh2: float, max_util: float = 0.88,
loc2kgh2: float = 4000, station_type: str = 'Cryo-pump', clean_energy_dolkg: float = None):
"""
Calculates the breakdown of LCO into capital, O&M, and energy costs as well as the capital investment,
annual O&M + energy cost, and actual average utilization and number of chargers for a battery charging facility
of given throughput and size based on <peak_loc>, <max_util>, and <avg_loc>.
# perform interpolation of results for a facility of given <peak_loc>, <max_util>, and <avg_loc> and
# return the breakdown of LCO into: capital, O&M, and energy
# and the capital investment, annual O&M + energy cost, and actual avg utilization and number of chargers
# future versions will include params for charger type (power) locomotive energy storage, etc.
# for selected facilities that do not consume electricity from the grid, but instead from locomotive traffic,
# size them according to their energy demand from the facility_sizing module
Parameters
----------
peak_loc : float
The peak number of locomotives that need to be charged at the facility
avg_loc : float
The average number of locomotives that need to be charged at the facility
avg_kgh2 : float
The total average energy consumption of the locomotives at the facility in kg H2
max_util : float, optional
The maximum utilization of the facility, by default 0.88
loc2kgh2 : float, optional
The capacity of kg H2 per locomotive, by default 4000 kg H2 per locomotive
station_type : str, optional
The type of charging station, by default None
clean_energy_dolkg : float, optional
The premium (additional cost) for cleanly-sourced hydrogen in [$/kg H2]
Returns
-------
dict
A dictionary containing the breakdown of LCO, capital investment, annual costs, actual utilization and
number of pumps
"""
if clean_energy_dolkg is None:
clean_energy_dolkg = 0
if peak_loc == 0 and avg_loc == 0:
return dict(station_LCO=0, terminal_LCO=0, liquefier_LCO=0, fuel_LCO=0, total_LCO=0, annual_total_cost=0,
daily_energy_kgh2=0, annual_energy_kgh2=0, station_total=0, annual_om_energy=0,
actual_utilization=0, number_pumps=0, pump_time=0)
# load lookup table and filter out only <station_type> of interest
df = load_tea_hydrogen_lookup().loc[(station_type, slice(None, None))]
# and operation hours of interest
# list of allowable hours per day
hrs = np.array(df.index.get_level_values('Operation Hours').unique())
# max allowable hours per day given the <max_util> param.
op_hr = hrs[max(np.where(hrs <= max_util*24)[0])] if np.where(hrs <= max_util*24)[0].any() else min(hrs)
df = df.loc[op_hr, slice(None)]
pump_rate = 100 # [kgh2/min]
pump_time = (loc2kgh2 / pump_rate) * (1 / 60) # [kgh2/loc] / [kgh2/min] * [hr/60 min] = [hrs/loc]
number_of_pumps = np.ceil(peak_loc * pump_time / op_hr)
max_loc = max(df.index)
min_loc = min(df.index)
avg_number_of_pumps = np.ceil(avg_loc * pump_time / op_hr)
if peak_loc < min_loc:
df = df.loc[min_loc]
tea_d = dict(
station_LCO=df[' Liquid Refueling Station [$/kg] '],
terminal_LCO=df[' Terminal [$/kg] '],
liquefier_LCO=df[' Liquefier [$/kg] '],
fuel_LCO=df[' Production [$/kg] '] + clean_energy_dolkg,
total_LCO=df[' Total Levelized Cost of Refueling [$/kg] '],
annual_total_cost=(df[' Total Levelized Cost of Refueling [$/kg] '] * avg_kgh2 * 365),
daily_energy_kgh2=avg_kgh2,
annual_energy_kgh2=avg_kgh2 * 365,
station_total=df[' Total Capital Investment '],
actual_utilization=avg_number_of_pumps / number_of_pumps,
number_pumps=number_of_pumps,
pump_time=pump_time)
elif peak_loc <= max_loc:
# interpolate
# df.reset_index(inplace=True)
# df.set_index('Number of Dispenser', inplace=True)
df1 = df.loc[df.index[max(np.where(np.array(df.index) <= peak_loc)[0])]]
df2 = df.loc[df.index[min(np.where(np.array(df.index) >= peak_loc)[0])]]
# use these to do interpolation by using number of pumps, not loc, as the x
tea_d = dict(
station_LCO=df1[' Liquid Refueling Station [$/kg] '] + \
((df2[' Liquid Refueling Station [$/kg] '] - df1[
' Liquid Refueling Station [$/kg] ']) *
(number_of_pumps - df1['Number of Dispenser']) /
(df2['Number of Dispenser'] - df1['Number of Dispenser'])),
terminal_LCO=df1[' Terminal [$/kg] '] + \
((df2[' Terminal [$/kg] '] - df1[' Terminal [$/kg] ']) *
(number_of_pumps - df1['Number of Dispenser']) /
(df2['Number of Dispenser'] - df1['Number of Dispenser'])),
liquefier_LCO=df1[' Liquefier [$/kg] '] + \
((df2[' Liquefier [$/kg] '] - df1[' Liquefier [$/kg] ']) *
(number_of_pumps - df1['Number of Dispenser']) /
(df2['Number of Dispenser'] - df1['Number of Dispenser'])),
fuel_LCO=df1[' Production [$/kg] '] + clean_energy_dolkg
)
tea_d.update(dict(
total_LCO=tea_d['station_LCO'] + tea_d['terminal_LCO'] + tea_d['liquefier_LCO'] + tea_d['fuel_LCO'],
annual_total_cost=((tea_d['station_LCO'] + tea_d['terminal_LCO'] + tea_d['liquefier_LCO'] +
tea_d['fuel_LCO']) * avg_kgh2 * 365),
daily_energy_kgh2=avg_kgh2,
annual_energy_kgh2=avg_kgh2 * 365,
station_total=df1[' Total Capital Investment '] + \
((df2[' Total Capital Investment '] - df1[' Total Capital Investment ']) *
(number_of_pumps - df1['Number of Dispenser']) /
(df2['Number of Dispenser'] - df1['Number of Dispenser'])),
actual_utilization=avg_number_of_pumps / number_of_pumps,
number_pumps=number_of_pumps,
pump_time=pump_time))
else:
max_pump = np.ceil(max_loc * pump_time / op_hr)
peak_pump_multiplier = 1
if number_of_pumps > max_pump:
peak_pump_multiplier = number_of_pumps / max_pump
# return the values for 200 loc/day and scale the capital costs accordingly
df = df.loc[max_loc]
tea_d = dict(
station_LCO=df[' Liquid Refueling Station [$/kg] '],
terminal_LCO=df[' Terminal [$/kg] '],
liquefier_LCO=df[' Liquefier [$/kg] '],
fuel_LCO=df[' Production [$/kg] '] + clean_energy_dolkg,
total_LCO=df[' Total Levelized Cost of Refueling [$/kg] '],
annual_total_cost=(df[' Total Levelized Cost of Refueling [$/kg] '] * avg_kgh2 * 365),
daily_energy_kgh2=avg_kgh2,
annual_energy_kgh2=avg_kgh2 * 365,
station_total=peak_pump_multiplier * df[' Total Capital Investment '],
actual_utilization=avg_number_of_pumps / number_of_pumps,
number_pumps=number_of_pumps,
pump_time=pump_time)
return tea_d
def tea_hydrogen_all_facilities(G: nx.DiGraph, max_util: float = 0.88, station_type: str = 'Cryo-pump',
clean_energy_cost: float = None, tender_cost_p_tonmi: float = None,
diesel_cost_p_gal: float = None):
# lookup dataframes for constants
rr_v = load_railroad_values().loc[G.graph['scenario']['railroad']]
# calculate average # batteries per locomotive based on range and effective battery energy capacity
# eff_kwh_p_batt = ds['kwh_p_batt'] * ft_ef['Effective capacity']
comm_list = list({c for u, v in G.edges for c in G.edges[u, v]['hydrogen_avg_ton'].keys()})
tonmi_deflation_factor = {c: 1 - G.graph['operations']['perc_tonmi_inc'][c] / 100 for c in comm_list}
hydrogen_tonmi = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v]['hydrogen_avg_ton'][c] * G.edges[u, v]['miles']
for u, v in G.edges]) * tonmi_deflation_factor[c] for c in comm_list}
hydrogen_tonmi.update({c: hydrogen_tonmi[c] if hydrogen_tonmi[c] > 0 else 1 for c in comm_list})
car_dol_hr = 8.42 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr
car_dol_hr_im = 26.95 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr for intermodal
# car_dol_hr = 0 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr
# car_dol_hr_im = 0 # [$/hr] delay cost per car-hr for intermodal
# delay_tonmi for IM
im_share_tonmi = hydrogen_tonmi['IM'] / hydrogen_tonmi['TOTAL'] if hydrogen_tonmi['TOTAL'] != 0 else 0
for n in G:
if G.nodes[n]['facility'] == 1:
# must supply the number of batteries of 10 MWh effective capacity that need to be charged
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'] = tea_hydrogen(int(G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc']),
int(G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc']),
G.nodes[n]['avg']['daily_supply_kgh2'],
max_util=max_util, station_type=station_type,
clean_energy_dolkg=clean_energy_cost)
if G.nodes[n]['avg']['energy_transfer']:
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
pump_time=0,
avg_queue_time_p_loc=0,
avg_queue_length=0,
peak_queue_time_p_loc=0,
peak_queue_length=0,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car=0,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_loc=0,
total_daily_delay_cost=0
))
else:
pump_time = G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['pump_time']
lq_avg, wq_avg = queue_model(G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] / 24,
1 / pump_time,
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_pumps'])
lq_peak, wq_peak = queue_model(G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] / 24,
1 / pump_time,
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['number_pumps'])
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
pump_time=pump_time,
avg_queue_time_p_loc=wq_avg,
avg_queue_length=lq_avg,
peak_queue_time_p_loc=wq_peak,
peak_queue_length=lq_peak,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car=(pump_time + wq_avg) * car_dol_hr,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_loc=((pump_time + wq_avg) * car_dol_hr *
(rr_v['car/train'] / rr_v['loc/train'])),
total_daily_delay_cost=((car_dol_hr + (car_dol_hr_im - car_dol_hr) * im_share_tonmi) *
(pump_time + wq_avg) *
(rr_v['car/train'] / rr_v['loc/train']) * G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'])
))
else:
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'] = tea_hydrogen(0, 0, 0, max_util=max_util)
G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA'].update(dict(
pump_time=0,
avg_queue_time_p_loc=0,
avg_queue_length=0,
peak_queue_time_p_loc=0,
peak_queue_length=0,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_car=0,
avg_daily_delay_cost_p_loc=0,
total_daily_delay_cost=0
))
pump_time = max([G.nodes[n]['energy_source_TEA']['pump_time'] for n in G])
# compute aggregate statistics for tech. deployment
# use the percentage of ton-mi increase to calculate all in terms of baseline ton-miles
avg_tot_loc = sum([G.nodes[n]['avg']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
if round(avg_tot_loc) == 0:
avg_tot_loc = 0
peak_tot_loc = sum([G.nodes[n]['peak']['number_loc'] for n in G if G.nodes[n]['facility']])
if round(peak_tot_loc) == 0:
peak_tot_loc = 0
support_diesel_tonmi = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v]['support_diesel_avg_ton'][c] * G.edges[u, v]['miles']
for u, v in G.edges]) * tonmi_deflation_factor[c] for c in comm_list}
support_diesel_gal = {c: sum([G.edges[u, v]['support_diesel_avg_gal'][c] for u, v in G.edges]) for c in comm_list}
baseline_total_tonmi = {c: hydrogen_tonmi[c] + support_diesel_tonmi[c] for c in comm_list}
baseline_total_tonmi.update({c: baseline_total_tonmi[c] if baseline_total_tonmi[c] > 0 else 1 for c in comm_list})
avg_hydrogen_energy_kgh2 = {c: sum(G.edges[u, v]['hydrogen_avg_kgh2'][c] for u, v in G.edges) for c in comm_list}
peak_hydrogen_energy_kgh2 = {c: sum(G.edges[u, v]['hydrogen_peak_kgh2'][c] for u, v in G.edges) for c in comm_list}
if tender_cost_p_tonmi is None:
tender_cost_p_tonmi = rr_v[station_type + ' tender $/ton-mile']
# convert to battery $/kWh
tender_LCO_kgh2 = {c: tender_cost_p_tonmi * hydrogen_tonmi[c] / avg_hydrogen_energy_kgh2[c]
if avg_hydrogen_energy_kgh2[c] > 0 else 0 for c in comm_list}
if diesel_cost_p_gal is None:
# load dataframe for cost factors of diesel: index is fuel_type, column is value in [$/gal]
df_dropin = load_tea_dropin_lookup()
diesel_factor = df_dropin.loc['diesel', '$/gal']
else: