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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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| --- | ||
| title: SQL Server replication to Azure SQL Database | ||
| description: You can configure an Azure SQL Database as the push subscriber in a one-way transactional or snapshot replication topology. | ||
| services: sql-database | ||
| ms.service: sql-database | ||
| ms.subservice: data-movement | ||
| ms.custom: seo-lt-2019, sqldbrb=1 | ||
| ms.devlang: | ||
| ms.topic: conceptual | ||
| author: stevestein | ||
| ms.author: sstein | ||
| ms.reviewer: mathoma | ||
| ms.date: 04/28/2020 | ||
| --- | ||
| # Replication to Azure SQL Database | ||
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| You can configure an Azure SQL Database as the push subscriber in a one-way transactional or snapshot replication topology. | ||
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| > [!NOTE] | ||
| > This article describes the use of [transactional replication](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/transactional/transactional-replication) in Azure SQL Database. It is unrelated to [active geo-replication](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/sql-database/sql-database-active-geo-replication), an Azure SQL Database feature that allows you to create complete readable replicas of individual databases. | ||
| ## Supported Configurations | ||
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| - Azure SQL Database can only be the push subscriber of a SQL Server publisher and distributor. | ||
| - The SQL Server acting as publisher and/or distributor can be an instance of [SQL Server running on-premises](https://www.microsoft.com/sql-server/sql-server-downloads), an [Azure SQL Managed Instance](../azure-sql/managed-instance/instance-create-quickstart.md), or an instance of [SQL Server running on an Azure virtual machine in the cloud](../virtual-machines/windows/sql-vm-create-portal-quickstart.md). | ||
| - The distribution database and the replication agents cannot be placed on an Azure SQL database. | ||
| - [Snapshot](/sql/relational-databases/replication/snapshot-replication) and [one-way transactional](/sql/relational-databases/replication/transactional/transactional-replication) replication are supported. Peer-to-peer transactional replication and merge replication are not supported. | ||
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| ### Versions | ||
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| To successfully replicate to an Azure SQL Database, SQL Server publishers and distributors must be using (at least) one of the following versions: | ||
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| Publishing to any Azure SQL Database from an on-premises SQL Server is supported by the following versions of SQL Server: | ||
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| - SQL Server 2016 and greater | ||
| - SQL Server 2014 [RTM CU10 (12.0.4427.24)](https://support.microsoft.com/help/3094220/cumulative-update-10-for-sql-server-2014) or [SP1 CU3 (12.0.2556.4)](https://support.microsoft.com/help/3094221/cumulative-update-3-for-sql-server-2014-service-pack-1) | ||
| - SQL Server 2012 [SP2 CU8 (11.0.5634.1)](https://support.microsoft.com/help/3082561/cumulative-update-8-for-sql-server-2012-sp2) or [SP3 (11.0.6020.0)](https://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=49996) | ||
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| > [!NOTE] | ||
| > Attempting to configure replication using an unsupported version can result in error number MSSQL_REPL20084 (The process could not connect to Subscriber.) and MSSQL_REPL40532 (Cannot open server \<name> requested by the login. The login failed.). | ||
| To use all the features of Azure SQL Database, you must be using the latest versions of [SQL Server Management Studio](/sql/ssms/download-sql-server-management-studio-ssms) and [SQL Server Data Tools](/sql/ssdt/download-sql-server-data-tools-ssdt). | ||
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| ### Types of replication | ||
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| There are different [types of replication](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/types-of-replication): | ||
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| | Replication | Azure SQL Database | Azure SQL Managed Instance | | ||
| | :----| :------------- | :--------------- | | ||
| | [**Standard Transactional**](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/transactional/transactional-replication) | Yes (only as subscriber) | Yes | | ||
| | [**Snapshot**](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/snapshot-replication) | Yes (only as subscriber) | Yes| | ||
| | [**Merge replication**](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/merge/merge-replication) | No | No| | ||
| | [**Peer-to-peer**](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/transactional/peer-to-peer-transactional-replication) | No | No| | ||
| | [**Bidirectional**](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/transactional/bidirectional-transactional-replication) | No | Yes| | ||
| | [**Updatable subscriptions**](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/transactional/updatable-subscriptions-for-transactional-replication) | No | No| | ||
| | | | | | ||
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| ## Remarks | ||
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| - Only push subscriptions to Azure SQL Database are supported. | ||
| - Replication can be configured by using [SQL Server Management Studio](/sql/ssms/download-sql-server-management-studio-ssms) or by executing Transact-SQL statements on the publisher. You cannot configure replication by using the Azure portal. | ||
| - Replication can only use SQL Server authentication logins to connect to Azure SQL Database. | ||
| - Replicated tables must have a primary key. | ||
| - You must have an existing Azure subscription. | ||
| - The Azure SQL Database subscriber can be in any region. | ||
| - A single publication on SQL Server can support both Azure SQL Database and SQL Server (on-premises and SQL Server in an Azure virtual machine) subscribers. | ||
| - Replication management, monitoring, and troubleshooting must be performed from SQL Server rather than Azure SQL Database. | ||
| - Only `@subscriber_type = 0` is supported in **sp_addsubscription** for SQL Database. | ||
| - Azure SQL Database does not support bi-directional, immediate, updatable, or peer-to-peer replication. | ||
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| ## Replication Architecture | ||
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|  | ||
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| ## Scenarios | ||
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| ### Typical Replication Scenario | ||
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| 1. Create a transactional replication publication on an on-premises SQL Server database. | ||
| 2. On the on-premises SQL Server use the **New Subscription Wizard** or Transact-SQL statements to create a push to subscription to Azure SQL Database. | ||
| 3. With single and pooled databases in Azure SQL Database, the initial data set is a snapshot that is created by the Snapshot Agent and distributed and applied by the Distribution Agent. With a SQL Managed Instance publisher, you can also use a database backup to seed the Azure SQL Database subscriber. | ||
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| ### Data Migration Scenario | ||
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| 1. Use transactional replication to replicate data from an on-premises SQL Server database to Azure SQL Database. | ||
| 2. Redirect the client or middle-tier applications to update the Azure SQL database copy. | ||
| 3. Stop updating the SQL Server version of the table and remove the publication. | ||
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| ## Limitations | ||
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| The following options are not supported for Azure SQL Database subscriptions: | ||
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| - Copy file groups association | ||
| - Copy table partitioning schemes | ||
| - Copy index partitioning schemes | ||
| - Copy user defined statistics | ||
| - Copy default bindings | ||
| - Copy rule bindings | ||
| - Copy fulltext indexes | ||
| - Copy XML XSD | ||
| - Copy XML indexes | ||
| - Copy permissions | ||
| - Copy spatial indexes | ||
| - Copy filtered indexes | ||
| - Copy data compression attribute | ||
| - Copy sparse column attribute | ||
| - Convert filestream to MAX data types | ||
| - Convert hierarchyid to MAX data types | ||
| - Convert spatial to MAX data types | ||
| - Copy extended properties | ||
| - Copy permissions | ||
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| ### Limitations to be determined | ||
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| - Copy collation | ||
| - Execution in a serialized transaction of the SP | ||
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| ## Examples | ||
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| Create a publication and a push subscription. For more information, see: | ||
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| - [Create a Publication](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/publish/create-a-publication) | ||
| - [Create a Push Subscription](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/create-a-push-subscription/) by using the server name as the subscriber (for example **N'azuresqldbdns.database.windows.net'**) and the Azure SQL Database name as the destination database (for example **AdventureWorks**). | ||
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| ## See Also | ||
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| - [Transactional replication](../managed-instance/replication-transactional-overview.md) | ||
| - [Create a Publication](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/publish/create-a-publication) | ||
| - [Create a Push Subscription](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/create-a-push-subscription/) | ||
| - [Types of Replication](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/types-of-replication) | ||
| - [Monitoring (Replication)](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/monitor/monitoring-replication) | ||
| - [Initialize a Subscription](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/relational-databases/replication/initialize-a-subscription) |
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