vulninfos.go

/* Vuls - Vulnerability Scanner
Copyright (C) 2016  Future Architect, Inc. Japan.

This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/

package models

import (
	"bytes"
	"fmt"
	"sort"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/future-architect/vuls/config"
)

// VulnInfos has a map of VulnInfo
// Key: CveID
type VulnInfos map[string]VulnInfo

// Find elements that matches the function passed in argument
func (v VulnInfos) Find(f func(VulnInfo) bool) VulnInfos {
	filtered := VulnInfos{}
	for _, vv := range v {
		if f(vv) {
			filtered[vv.CveID] = vv
		}
	}
	return filtered
}

// FindScoredVulns return scored vulnerabilities
func (v VulnInfos) FindScoredVulns() VulnInfos {
	return v.Find(func(vv VulnInfo) bool {
		if 0 < vv.MaxCvss2Score().Value.Score ||
			0 < vv.MaxCvss3Score().Value.Score {
			return true
		}
		return false
	})
}

// ToSortedSlice returns slice of VulnInfos that is sorted by Score, CVE-ID
func (v VulnInfos) ToSortedSlice() (sorted []VulnInfo) {
	for k := range v {
		sorted = append(sorted, v[k])
	}
	sort.Slice(sorted, func(i, j int) bool {
		maxI := sorted[i].MaxCvssScore()
		maxJ := sorted[j].MaxCvssScore()
		if maxI.Value.Score != maxJ.Value.Score {
			return maxJ.Value.Score < maxI.Value.Score
		}
		return sorted[i].CveID < sorted[j].CveID
	})
	return
}

// CountGroupBySeverity summarize the number of CVEs group by CVSSv2 Severity
func (v VulnInfos) CountGroupBySeverity() map[string]int {
	m := map[string]int{}
	for _, vInfo := range v {
		score := vInfo.MaxCvss2Score().Value.Score
		if score < 0.1 {
			score = vInfo.MaxCvss3Score().Value.Score
		}
		switch {
		case 7.0 <= score:
			m["High"]++
		case 4.0 <= score:
			m["Medium"]++
		case 0 < score:
			m["Low"]++
		default:
			m["Unknown"]++
		}
	}
	return m
}

// FormatCveSummary summarize the number of CVEs group by CVSSv2 Severity
func (v VulnInfos) FormatCveSummary() string {
	m := v.CountGroupBySeverity()

	if config.Conf.IgnoreUnscoredCves {
		return fmt.Sprintf("Total: %d (High:%d Medium:%d Low:%d)",
			m["High"]+m["Medium"]+m["Low"], m["High"], m["Medium"], m["Low"])
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("Total: %d (High:%d Medium:%d Low:%d ?:%d)",
		m["High"]+m["Medium"]+m["Low"]+m["Unknown"],
		m["High"], m["Medium"], m["Low"], m["Unknown"])
}

// PackageStatuses is a list of PackageStatus
type PackageStatuses []PackageStatus

// Sort by Name
func (p PackageStatuses) Sort() {
	sort.Slice(p, func(i, j int) bool {
		return p[i].Name < p[j].Name
	})
	return
}

// PackageStatus has name and other status abount the package
type PackageStatus struct {
	Name        string
	NotFixedYet bool
}

// VulnInfo has a vulnerability information and unsecure packages
type VulnInfo struct {
	CveID            string
	Confidence       Confidence
	AffectedPackages PackageStatuses
	DistroAdvisories []DistroAdvisory // for Aamazon, RHEL, FreeBSD
	CpeNames         []string
	CveContents      CveContents
}

// Titles returns tilte (TUI)
func (v VulnInfo) Titles(lang, myFamily string) (values []CveContentStr) {
	if lang == "ja" {
		if cont, found := v.CveContents[JVN]; found && 0 < len(cont.Title) {
			values = append(values, CveContentStr{JVN, cont.Title})
		}
	}

	order := CveContentTypes{NVD, NewCveContentType(myFamily)}
	order = append(order, AllCveContetTypes.Except(append(order, JVN)...)...)
	for _, ctype := range order {
		// Only JVN has meaningful title. so return first 100 char of summary
		if cont, found := v.CveContents[ctype]; found && 0 < len(cont.Summary) {
			summary := strings.Replace(cont.Summary, "\n", " ", -1)
			values = append(values, CveContentStr{
				Type:  ctype,
				Value: summary,
			})
		}
	}

	for _, adv := range v.DistroAdvisories {
		values = append(values, CveContentStr{
			Type:  "Vendor",
			Value: strings.Replace(adv.Description, "\n", " ", -1),
		})
	}

	if len(values) == 0 {
		values = []CveContentStr{{
			Type:  Unknown,
			Value: "-",
		}}
	}
	return
}

// Summaries returns summaries
func (v VulnInfo) Summaries(lang, myFamily string) (values []CveContentStr) {
	if lang == "ja" {
		if cont, found := v.CveContents[JVN]; found && 0 < len(cont.Summary) {
			summary := cont.Title
			summary += "\n" + strings.Replace(
				strings.Replace(cont.Summary, "\n", " ", -1), "\r", " ", -1)
			values = append(values, CveContentStr{JVN, summary})
		}
	}

	order := CveContentTypes{NVD, NewCveContentType(myFamily)}
	order = append(order, AllCveContetTypes.Except(append(order, JVN)...)...)
	for _, ctype := range order {
		if cont, found := v.CveContents[ctype]; found && 0 < len(cont.Summary) {
			summary := strings.Replace(cont.Summary, "\n", " ", -1)
			values = append(values, CveContentStr{
				Type:  ctype,
				Value: summary,
			})
		}
	}

	for _, adv := range v.DistroAdvisories {
		values = append(values, CveContentStr{
			Type:  "Vendor",
			Value: adv.Description,
		})
	}

	if len(values) == 0 {
		return []CveContentStr{{
			Type:  Unknown,
			Value: "-",
		}}
	}

	return
}

// Cvss2Scores returns CVSS V2 Scores
func (v VulnInfo) Cvss2Scores() (values []CveContentCvss) {
	order := []CveContentType{NVD, RedHat, JVN}
	for _, ctype := range order {
		if cont, found := v.CveContents[ctype]; found && 0 < cont.Cvss2Score {
			// https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss
			sev := cont.Severity
			if ctype == NVD {
				sev = cvss2ScoreToSeverity(cont.Cvss2Score)
			}
			values = append(values, CveContentCvss{
				Type: ctype,
				Value: Cvss{
					Type:     CVSS2,
					Score:    cont.Cvss2Score,
					Vector:   cont.Cvss2Vector,
					Severity: strings.ToUpper(sev),
				},
			})
		}
	}

	for _, adv := range v.DistroAdvisories {
		if adv.Severity != "" {
			values = append(values, CveContentCvss{
				Type: "Vendor",
				Value: Cvss{
					Type:                 CVSS2,
					Score:                severityToV2ScoreRoughly(adv.Severity),
					CalculatedBySeverity: true,
					Vector:               "-",
					Severity:             strings.ToUpper(adv.Severity),
				},
			})
		}
	}

	return
}

// Cvss3Scores returns CVSS V3 Score
func (v VulnInfo) Cvss3Scores() (values []CveContentCvss) {
	// TODO implement NVD
	order := []CveContentType{RedHat}
	for _, ctype := range order {
		if cont, found := v.CveContents[ctype]; found && 0 < cont.Cvss3Score {
			// https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss
			sev := cont.Severity
			values = append(values, CveContentCvss{
				Type: ctype,
				Value: Cvss{
					Type:     CVSS3,
					Score:    cont.Cvss3Score,
					Vector:   cont.Cvss3Vector,
					Severity: strings.ToUpper(sev),
				},
			})
		}
	}
	return
}

// MaxCvss3Score returns Max CVSS V3 Score
func (v VulnInfo) MaxCvss3Score() CveContentCvss {
	// TODO implement NVD
	order := []CveContentType{RedHat}
	max := 0.0
	value := CveContentCvss{
		Type:  Unknown,
		Value: Cvss{Type: CVSS3},
	}
	for _, ctype := range order {
		if cont, found := v.CveContents[ctype]; found && max < cont.Cvss3Score {
			// https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss
			sev := cont.Severity
			value = CveContentCvss{
				Type: ctype,
				Value: Cvss{
					Type:     CVSS3,
					Score:    cont.Cvss3Score,
					Vector:   cont.Cvss3Vector,
					Severity: sev,
				},
			}
			max = cont.Cvss3Score
		}
	}
	return value
}

// MaxCvssScore returns max CVSS Score
// If there is no CVSS Score, return Severity as a numerical value.
func (v VulnInfo) MaxCvssScore() CveContentCvss {
	v3Max := v.MaxCvss3Score()
	v2Max := v.MaxCvss2Score()
	max := v3Max
	if max.Type == Unknown {
		return v2Max
	}

	if max.Value.Score < v2Max.Value.Score && !v2Max.Value.CalculatedBySeverity {
		max = v2Max
	}
	return max
}

// MaxCvss2Score returns Max CVSS V2 Score
func (v VulnInfo) MaxCvss2Score() CveContentCvss {
	order := []CveContentType{NVD, RedHat, JVN}
	max := 0.0
	value := CveContentCvss{
		Type:  Unknown,
		Value: Cvss{Type: CVSS2},
	}
	for _, ctype := range order {
		if cont, found := v.CveContents[ctype]; found && max < cont.Cvss2Score {
			// https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss
			sev := cont.Severity
			if ctype == NVD {
				sev = cvss2ScoreToSeverity(cont.Cvss2Score)
			}
			value = CveContentCvss{
				Type: ctype,
				Value: Cvss{
					Type:     CVSS2,
					Score:    cont.Cvss2Score,
					Vector:   cont.Cvss2Vector,
					Severity: sev,
				},
			}
			max = cont.Cvss2Score
		}
	}
	if 0 < max {
		return value
	}

	// If CVSS score isn't on NVD, RedHat and JVN, use OVAL and advisory Severity.
	// Convert severity to cvss srore roughly, then returns max severity.
	// Only Ubuntu, RedHat and Oracle have severity data in OVAL.
	order = []CveContentType{Ubuntu, RedHat, Oracle}
	for _, ctype := range order {
		if cont, found := v.CveContents[ctype]; found && 0 < len(cont.Severity) {
			score := severityToV2ScoreRoughly(cont.Severity)
			if max < score {
				value = CveContentCvss{
					Type: ctype,
					Value: Cvss{
						Type:                 CVSS2,
						Score:                score,
						CalculatedBySeverity: true,
						Vector:               cont.Cvss2Vector,
						Severity:             cont.Severity,
					},
				}
			}
			max = score
		}
	}

	// Only RedHat, Oracle and Amazon has severity data in advisory.
	for _, adv := range v.DistroAdvisories {
		if adv.Severity != "" {
			score := severityToV2ScoreRoughly(adv.Severity)
			if max < score {
				value = CveContentCvss{
					Type: "Vendor",
					Value: Cvss{
						Type:                 CVSS2,
						Score:                score,
						CalculatedBySeverity: true,
						Vector:               "-",
						Severity:             adv.Severity,
					},
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return value
}

// CveContentCvss has CveContentType and Cvss2
type CveContentCvss struct {
	Type  CveContentType
	Value Cvss
}

// CvssType Represent the type of CVSS
type CvssType string

const (
	// CVSS2 means CVSS vesion2
	CVSS2 CvssType = "2"

	// CVSS3 means CVSS vesion3
	CVSS3 CvssType = "3"
)

// Cvss has CVSS Score
type Cvss struct {
	Type                 CvssType
	Score                float64
	CalculatedBySeverity bool
	Vector               string
	Severity             string
}

// Format CVSS Score and Vector
func (c Cvss) Format() string {
	switch c.Type {
	case CVSS2:
		return fmt.Sprintf("%3.1f/%s", c.Score, c.Vector)
	case CVSS3:
		return fmt.Sprintf("%3.1f/CVSS:3.0/%s", c.Score, c.Vector)
	}
	return ""
}

func cvss2ScoreToSeverity(score float64) string {
	if 7.0 <= score {
		return "HIGH"
	} else if 4.0 <= score {
		return "MEDIUM"
	}
	return "LOW"
}

// Amazon Linux Security Advisory
// Critical, Important, Medium, Low
// https://alas.aws.amazon.com/
//
// RedHat, Oracle OVAL
// Critical, Important, Moderate, Low
// https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification
//
// Ubuntu OVAL
// Critical, High, Medium, Low
// https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bugs/Importance
// https://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-security/cve/priority.html
func severityToV2ScoreRoughly(severity string) float64 {
	switch strings.ToUpper(severity) {
	case "CRITICAL":
		return 10.0
	case "IMPORTANT", "HIGH":
		return 8.9
	case "MODERATE", "MEDIUM":
		return 6.9
	case "LOW":
		return 3.9
	}
	return 0
}

// CveContentCvss3 has CveContentType and Cvss3
//  type CveContentCvss3 struct {
//      Type  CveContentType
//      Value Cvss3
//  }

// Cvss3 has CVSS v3 Score, Vector and  Severity
//  type Cvss3 struct {
//      Score    float64
//      Vector   string
//      Severity string
//  }

// Format CVSS Score and Vector
//  func (c Cvss3) Format() string {
//      return fmt.Sprintf("%3.1f/CVSS:3.0/%s", c.Score, c.Vector)
//  }

//  func cvss3ScoreToSeverity(score float64) string {
//      if 9.0 <= score {
//          return "CRITICAL"
//      } else if 7.0 <= score {
//          return "HIGH"
//      } else if 4.0 <= score {
//          return "MEDIUM"
//      }
//      return "LOW"
//  }

// FormatMaxCvssScore returns Max CVSS Score
func (v VulnInfo) FormatMaxCvssScore() string {
	v2Max := v.MaxCvss2Score()
	v3Max := v.MaxCvss3Score()
	if v2Max.Value.Score <= v3Max.Value.Score {
		return fmt.Sprintf("%3.1f %s (%s)",
			v3Max.Value.Score,
			strings.ToUpper(v3Max.Value.Severity),
			v3Max.Type)
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("%3.1f %s (%s)",
		v2Max.Value.Score,
		strings.ToUpper(v2Max.Value.Severity),
		v2Max.Type)
}

// Cvss2CalcURL returns CVSS v2 caluclator's URL
func (v VulnInfo) Cvss2CalcURL() string {
	return "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss/v2-calculator?name=" + v.CveID
}

// Cvss3CalcURL returns CVSS v3 caluclator's URL
func (v VulnInfo) Cvss3CalcURL() string {
	return "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss/v3-calculator?name=" + v.CveID
}

// VendorLinks returns links of vendor support's URL
func (v VulnInfo) VendorLinks(family string) map[string]string {
	links := map[string]string{}
	switch family {
	case config.RedHat, config.CentOS:
		links["RHEL-CVE"] = "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/" + v.CveID
		for _, advisory := range v.DistroAdvisories {
			aidURL := strings.Replace(advisory.AdvisoryID, ":", "-", -1)
			links[advisory.AdvisoryID] = fmt.Sprintf("https://rhn.redhat.com/errata/%s.html", aidURL)
		}
		return links
	case config.Oracle:
		links["Oracle-CVE"] = fmt.Sprintf("https://linux.oracle.com/cve/%s.html", v.CveID)
		for _, advisory := range v.DistroAdvisories {
			links[advisory.AdvisoryID] =
				fmt.Sprintf("https://linux.oracle.com/errata/%s.html", advisory.AdvisoryID)
		}
		return links
	case config.Amazon:
		links["RHEL-CVE"] = "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/" + v.CveID
		for _, advisory := range v.DistroAdvisories {
			links[advisory.AdvisoryID] =
				fmt.Sprintf("https://alas.aws.amazon.com/%s.html", advisory.AdvisoryID)
		}
		return links
	case config.Ubuntu:
		links["Ubuntu-CVE"] = "http://people.ubuntu.com/~ubuntu-security/cve/" + v.CveID
		return links
	case config.Debian:
		links["Debian-CVE"] = "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/" + v.CveID
	case config.SUSEEnterpriseServer:
		links["SUSE-CVE"] = "https://www.suse.com/security/cve/" + v.CveID
	case config.FreeBSD:
		for _, advisory := range v.DistroAdvisories {
			links["FreeBSD-VuXML"] = fmt.Sprintf("https://vuxml.freebsd.org/freebsd/%s.html", advisory.AdvisoryID)

		}
		return links
	}
	return links
}

// NilToEmpty set nil slice or map fields to empty to avoid null in JSON
func (v *VulnInfo) NilToEmpty() *VulnInfo {
	if v.CpeNames == nil {
		v.CpeNames = []string{}
	}
	if v.DistroAdvisories == nil {
		v.DistroAdvisories = []DistroAdvisory{}
	}
	if v.AffectedPackages == nil {
		v.AffectedPackages = PackageStatuses{}
	}
	if v.CveContents == nil {
		v.CveContents = NewCveContents()
	}
	for key := range v.CveContents {
		if v.CveContents[key].Cpes == nil {
			cont := v.CveContents[key]
			cont.Cpes = []Cpe{}
			v.CveContents[key] = cont
		}
	}
	return v
}

// DistroAdvisory has Amazon Linux, RHEL, FreeBSD Security Advisory information.
type DistroAdvisory struct {
	AdvisoryID  string
	Severity    string
	Issued      time.Time
	Updated     time.Time
	Description string
}

// Format the distro advisory information
func (p DistroAdvisory) Format() string {
	if p.AdvisoryID == "" {
		return ""
	}

	var delim bytes.Buffer
	for i := 0; i < len(p.AdvisoryID); i++ {
		delim.WriteString("-")
	}
	buf := []string{p.AdvisoryID, delim.String(), p.Description}
	return strings.Join(buf, "\n")
}

// Confidence is a ranking how confident the CVE-ID was deteted correctly
// Score: 0 - 100
type Confidence struct {
	Score           int
	DetectionMethod DetectionMethod
}

func (c Confidence) String() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%d / %s", c.Score, c.DetectionMethod)
}

// DetectionMethod indicates
// - How to detect the CveID
// - How to get the changelog difference between installed and candidate version
type DetectionMethod string

const (
	// CpeNameMatchStr is a String representation of CpeNameMatch
	CpeNameMatchStr = "CpeNameMatch"

	// YumUpdateSecurityMatchStr is a String representation of YumUpdateSecurityMatch
	YumUpdateSecurityMatchStr = "YumUpdateSecurityMatch"

	// PkgAuditMatchStr is a String representation of PkgAuditMatch
	PkgAuditMatchStr = "PkgAuditMatch"

	// OvalMatchStr is a String representation of OvalMatch
	OvalMatchStr = "OvalMatch"

	// ChangelogExactMatchStr is a String representation of ChangelogExactMatch
	ChangelogExactMatchStr = "ChangelogExactMatch"

	// ChangelogLenientMatchStr is a String representation of ChangelogLenientMatch
	ChangelogLenientMatchStr = "ChangelogLenientMatch"

	// FailedToGetChangelog is a String representation of FailedToGetChangelog
	FailedToGetChangelog = "FailedToGetChangelog"

	// FailedToFindVersionInChangelog is a String representation of FailedToFindVersionInChangelog
	FailedToFindVersionInChangelog = "FailedToFindVersionInChangelog"
)

var (
	// CpeNameMatch is a ranking how confident the CVE-ID was deteted correctly
	CpeNameMatch = Confidence{100, CpeNameMatchStr}

	// YumUpdateSecurityMatch is a ranking how confident the CVE-ID was deteted correctly
	YumUpdateSecurityMatch = Confidence{100, YumUpdateSecurityMatchStr}

	// PkgAuditMatch is a ranking how confident the CVE-ID was deteted correctly
	PkgAuditMatch = Confidence{100, PkgAuditMatchStr}

	// OvalMatch is a ranking how confident the CVE-ID was deteted correctly
	OvalMatch = Confidence{100, OvalMatchStr}

	// ChangelogExactMatch is a ranking how confident the CVE-ID was deteted correctly
	ChangelogExactMatch = Confidence{95, ChangelogExactMatchStr}

	// ChangelogLenientMatch is a ranking how confident the CVE-ID was deteted correctly
	ChangelogLenientMatch = Confidence{50, ChangelogLenientMatchStr}
)