[Backend]: Support device backend registration for a wide range of third-party hardware

[zhiyuan1i]

What does this PR do?

Thank you to the lightning team for providing such an easy-to-use, clearly designed library.

The pr draft hopes to provide better registration support for a wide range of third-party hardware, and the pr is designed to integrate third-party hardware with minimal intrusive changes, including intel XPU and more.

Fixes #<issue_number>

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://pytorch-lightning--20349.org.readthedocs.build/en/20349/

[zhiyuan1i]

Examples here: https://github.com/uniartisan/RWKV-PEFT/blob/device-enhance/train.py#L499

There are a lot of things to be checked, I will try to do it later and make it more clear in documentation

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 71.87500% with 27 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 86%. Comparing base (b6442c5) to head (4195883).
Report is 4 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           master   #20349    +/-   ##
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- Coverage      87%      86%    -1%     
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  Files         268      268            
  Lines       23442    23521    +79     
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- Hits        20394    20287   -107     
- Misses       3048     3234   +186     

[fritol]

will you add DirectML?

[zhiyuan1i]

will you add DirectML?

What I've added is the code for plug-in registration, which means you can register Direct ML by yourself. Just write a few simple function 🤓

[lantiga]

Thank you @uniartisan!

[stale]

This pull request has been automatically marked as stale because it has not had recent activity. It will be closed in 7 days if no further activity occurs. If you need further help see our docs: https://lightning.ai/docs/pytorch/latest/generated/CONTRIBUTING.html#pull-request or ask the assistance of a core contributor here or on Discord. Thank you for your contributions.

[stale]

This pull request is going to be closed. Please feel free to reopen it or create a new one based on top of the 'master' branch.

[zhiyuan1i]

@lantiga Hello, since pytorch 2.3, it has started to support Intel's SYCL post-computing device, alias torch.xpu, so I wonder if we can promote the landing of this PR. Is there anything I can do?