Excel-10 is a comprehensive guide to Excel's Lookup & Reference Functions, including VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, XLOOKUP, INDEX, MATCH, XMATCH, CHOOSE, and OFFSET.
Find practical tips, clear explanations, and screenshots to master data lookup in Excel!
📚 Goal: Help you use Excel’s lookup and reference functions with confidence—suitable for both beginners and advanced users!
Looks for a value in the leftmost column and returns a value in the same row from a specified column.
Syntax:
=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])
lookup_value: Value to search for.table_array: Range to search.col_index_num: Column number to return value from.[range_lookup]: Optional; TRUE for approximate match, FALSE for exact match.
📝 Tip: VLOOKUP matches the first instance if there are duplicates, is case-insensitive, and supports wildcards.
Searches for a value in the top row and returns a value from a specified row.
Syntax:
=HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup])
lookup_value: Value to search for.table_array: Range to search.row_index_num: Row number to return value from.[range_lookup]: Optional; TRUE for approximate match, FALSE for exact match.
Returns the position of a value in a range.
Syntax:
=MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type])
lookup_value: Value to search for.lookup_array: Range to search.[match_type]: Optional; 0 for exact match, 1/-1 for approximate.
Returns the value at a specified position in a range.
Syntax:
=INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num])
array: Range to search.row_num: Row number.[column_num]: Optional; column number.
Returns a value from a list, based on a position number.
Syntax:
=CHOOSE(index_num, value1, [value2], ...)
index_num: Position to choose.value1, ...: Values to choose from.
Modern replacement for VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP; easier and more flexible.
Syntax:
=XLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, [if_not_found], [match_mode], [search_mode])
lookup_value: Value to search for.lookup_array: Array to search.return_array: Array to return value from.[if_not_found]: Optional; value if not found.[match_mode]: Optional; exact or approximate match.[search_mode]: Optional; search direction.
ℹ️ Note: Only available in Excel 365/2021.
Returns a cell/range offset from a reference cell.
Syntax:
=OFFSET(reference, rows, cols, [height], [width])
reference: Starting cell/range.rows: Number of rows to move.cols: Number of columns to move.[height],[width]: Optional; size of the returned range.
Enhanced MATCH function for arrays; supports reverse and wildcard matching.
Syntax:
=XMATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_mode], [search_mode])
lookup_value: Value to search for.lookup_array: Array to search.[match_mode]: Optional; exact, next smaller/larger, wildcard.[search_mode]: Optional; first-to-last or last-to-first.
ℹ️ Note: Only available in Excel 365/2021.
All screenshots are in the /Screenshots folder.
- Microsoft Excel (recommended: 2021/365 for all functions)
- Windows OS
Project and documentation by Kuba27x
Repository: Kuba27x/Excel-10








