[release-1.10] Backports for Julia 1.10.0-x (#50971)

Backported PRs:
- [x] #48625 <!-- add replace(io, str, patterns...) -->
- [x] #48387 <!-- Improve documentation of sort-related functions -->
- [x] #48363 <!-- Revise sort.md and docstrings in sort.jl -->
- [x] #48977 <!-- Update SparseArrays.jl stdlib for SuiteSparse 7 -->
- [x] #50719 <!-- fix `CyclePadding(::DataType)` -->
- [x] #50694 <!-- inference: permit recursive type traits -->
- [x] #50860 <!-- Add `Base.get_extension` to docs/API -->
- [x] #50594 <!-- Disallow non-index Integer types in isassigned -->
- [x] #50802 <!-- Makes IntrusiveLinkedListSynchronized mutable to avoid
allocation on poptask -->
- [x] #50858 <!-- Add a `threadpool` parameter to `Channel` constructor
-->
- [x] #50874 <!-- Restrict COFF to a single thread when symbol count is
high -->
- [x] #50822 <!-- Add default method for setmodifiers! -->
- [x] #50730 <!-- Fix integer overflow in `isapprox` -->
- [x] #50850 <!-- Remove weird Rational dispatch and add pi functions to
list -->
- [x] #50809 <!-- Limit type-printing in MethodError -->
- [x] #50915 <!-- Add note the `Task` about sticky bit -->
- [x] #50929 <!-- when widening tuple types in tmerge, only widen the
complex parts -->
- [x] #50928 <!-- Bump JuliaSyntax to 0.4.6 -->
- [x] #50959 <!-- Update libssh2 patches -->
- [x] #50823 <!-- Make ranges more robust with unsigned indexes. -->
- [x] #48542 <!-- Add docs on task-specific buffering using
multithreading -->
- [x] #50912 <!-- Separate foreign threads into a :foreign threadpool
-->
- [x] #51010 <!-- Add ORIGIN to SuiteSparse rpath on Linux/FreeBSD -->
- [x] #50753 <!-- cat: remove unused promote_eltype methods that confuse
inference -->
- [x] #51027 <!-- Implement realloc accounting correctly -->
- [x] #51019 <!-- fix a case of potentially use of undefined variable
when handling error in distributed message processing -->
- [x] #51039 <!-- Revert "Optimize findall(f, ::AbstractArray{Bool})
(#42202)" -->
- [x] #51036 <!-- add missing invoke edge for nospecialize targets -->
- [x] #51042 <!-- inference: fix return_type_tfunc modeling of concrete
functions -->
- [x] #51114 <!-- Workaround upstream FreeBSD issue #272992 -->
- [x] #50892 <!-- Add `JL_DLLIMPORT` to `small_typeof` declaration -->
- [x] #51154 <!-- broadcast: use recursion rather than ntuple to map
over a tuple -->
- [x] #51153 <!-- fix debug typo in "add missing invoke edge for
nospecialize targets (#51036)" -->
- [x] #51222 <!-- Check again if the tty is open inside the IO lock -->
- [x] #51236 <!-- Add lock around uv_unref during init -->
- [x] #51243 <!-- GMP: Gracefully handle more overflows. -->
- [x] #51254 <!-- Ryu: make sure adding zeros does not overwrite
trailing dot -->
- [x] #51175 <!-- shorten stale_age for cachefile lock -->
- [x] #51300 <!-- fix method definition error for bad vararg -->
- [x] #51307 <!-- fix force-throw ctrl-C on Windows -->
- [x] #51303 <!-- ensure revising structs is safe -->
- [x] #51393 
- [x] #51403 

Need manual backport:
- [x] #51009 <!-- fix #50562, regression in `in` of tuple of Symbols -->
- [x] #51053 <!-- Bump Statistics stdlib -->
- [x] #51013 <!-- fix #50709, type bound error due to free typevar in
sparam env -->
- [x] #51305 <!-- reduce test time for rounding and floatfuncs -->

Contains multiple commits, manual intervention needed:
- [ ] #50663 <!-- Fix Expr(:loopinfo) codegen -->
- [ ] #51035 <!-- refactor GC scanning code to reflect jl_binding_t are
now first class -->
- [ ] #51092 <!-- inference: fix bad effects for recursion -->
- [x] #51247 <!-- Check if malloc has succeeded before incrementing gc
stats -->
- [x] #51294 <!-- use LibGit2_jll for LibGit2 library -->

Non-merged PRs with backport label:
- [ ] #51132 <!-- Handle `AbstractQ` in concatenation -->
- [x] #51029 <!-- testdefs: make sure that if a test set changes the
active project, they change it back when they're done -->
- [ ] #50919 <!-- Code loading: do the "skipping mtime check for stdlib"
check regardless of the value of `ispath(f)` -->
- [ ] #50824 <!-- Add some aliasing warnings to docstrings for mutating
functions -->
- [x] #50385 <!-- Precompile pidlocks: add to NEWS and docs -->
- [ ] #49805 <!-- Limit TimeType subtraction to AbstractDateTime -->

Make.inc

@@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ endif
 
 # We need python for things like BB triplet recognition.  We don't really care
 # about version, generally, so just find something that works:
-PYTHON := "$(shell which python 2>/dev/null || which python3 2>/dev/null || which python2 2>/dev/null || echo not found)"
+PYTHON := $(shell which python 2>/dev/null || which python3 2>/dev/null || which python2 2>/dev/null || echo not found)
 PYTHON_SYSTEM := $(shell $(PYTHON) -c 'from __future__ import print_function; import platform; print(platform.system())')
 
 # If we're running on Cygwin, but using a native-windows Python, we need to use cygpath -w

NEWS.md

@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ Compiler/Runtime improvements
 * The mark phase of the garbage collector is now multi-threaded ([#48600]).
 * [JITLink](https://llvm.org/docs/JITLink.html) is enabled by default on Linux aarch64 when Julia is linked to LLVM 15 or later versions ([#49745]).
   This should resolve many segmentation faults previously observed on this platform.
+* The precompilation process now uses pidfile locks and orchestrates multiple julia processes to only have one process
+  spend effort precompiling while the others wait. Previously all would do the work and race to overwrite the cache files.
+  ([#49052])
 
 Command-line option changes
 ---------------------------

base/abstractarray.jl

@@ -1584,10 +1584,12 @@ replace_in_print_matrix(A::AbstractVector,i::Integer,j::Integer,s::AbstractStrin
 eltypeof(x) = typeof(x)
 eltypeof(x::AbstractArray) = eltype(x)
 
-promote_eltypeof() = Bottom
+promote_eltypeof() = error()
+promote_eltypeof(v1) = eltypeof(v1)
 promote_eltypeof(v1, vs...) = promote_type(eltypeof(v1), promote_eltypeof(vs...))
 
-promote_eltype() = Bottom
+promote_eltype() = error()
+promote_eltype(v1) = eltype(v1)
 promote_eltype(v1, vs...) = promote_type(eltype(v1), promote_eltype(vs...))
 
 #TODO: ERROR CHECK

base/array.jl

@@ -2487,42 +2487,19 @@ function findall(A)
 end
 
 # Allocating result upfront is faster (possible only when collection can be iterated twice)
-function _findall(f::Function, A::AbstractArray{Bool})
-    n = count(f, A)
+function findall(A::AbstractArray{Bool})
+    n = count(A)
     I = Vector{eltype(keys(A))}(undef, n)
-    isempty(I) && return I
-    _findall(f, I, A)
-end
-
-function _findall(f::Function, I::Vector, A::AbstractArray{Bool})
-    cnt = 1
-    len = length(I)
-    for (k, v) in pairs(A)
-        @inbounds I[cnt] = k
-        cnt += f(v)
-        cnt > len && return I
-    end
-    # In case of impure f, this line could potentially be hit. In that case,
-    # we can't assume I is the correct length.
-    resize!(I, cnt - 1)
-end
-
-function _findall(f::Function, I::Vector, A::AbstractVector{Bool})
-    i = firstindex(A)
     cnt = 1
-    len = length(I)
-    while cnt ≤ len
-        @inbounds I[cnt] = i
-        cnt += f(@inbounds A[i])
-        i = nextind(A, i)
+    for (i,a) in pairs(A)
+        if a
+            I[cnt] = i
+            cnt += 1
+        end
     end
-    cnt - 1 == len ? I : resize!(I, cnt - 1)
+    I
 end
 
-findall(f::Function, A::AbstractArray{Bool}) = _findall(f, A)
-findall(f::Fix2{typeof(in)}, A::AbstractArray{Bool}) = _findall(f, A)
-findall(A::AbstractArray{Bool}) = _findall(identity, A)
-
 findall(x::Bool) = x ? [1] : Vector{Int}()
 findall(testf::Function, x::Number) = testf(x) ? [1] : Vector{Int}()
 findall(p::Fix2{typeof(in)}, x::Number) = x in p.x ? [1] : Vector{Int}()

base/broadcast.jl

@@ -750,8 +750,8 @@ _broadcast_getindex_eltype(A) = eltype(A)  # Tuple, Array, etc.
 eltypes(::Tuple{}) = Tuple{}
 eltypes(t::Tuple{Any}) = Iterators.TupleOrBottom(_broadcast_getindex_eltype(t[1]))
 eltypes(t::Tuple{Any,Any}) = Iterators.TupleOrBottom(_broadcast_getindex_eltype(t[1]), _broadcast_getindex_eltype(t[2]))
-# eltypes(t::Tuple) = (TT = eltypes(tail(t)); TT === Union{} ? Union{} : Iterators.TupleOrBottom(_broadcast_getindex_eltype(t[1]), TT.parameters...))
-eltypes(t::Tuple) = Iterators.TupleOrBottom(ntuple(i -> _broadcast_getindex_eltype(t[i]), Val(length(t)))...)
+eltypes(t::Tuple) = (TT = eltypes(tail(t)); TT === Union{} ? Union{} : Iterators.TupleOrBottom(_broadcast_getindex_eltype(t[1]), TT.parameters...))
+# eltypes(t::Tuple) = Iterators.TupleOrBottom(ntuple(i -> _broadcast_getindex_eltype(t[i]), Val(length(t)))...)
 
 # Inferred eltype of result of broadcast(f, args...)
 function combine_eltypes(f, args::Tuple)

base/channels.jl

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Channel(sz=0) = Channel{Any}(sz)
 
 # special constructors
 """
-    Channel{T=Any}(func::Function, size=0; taskref=nothing, spawn=false)
+    Channel{T=Any}(func::Function, size=0; taskref=nothing, spawn=false, threadpool=nothing)
 
 Create a new task from `func`, bind it to a new channel of type
 `T` and size `size`, and schedule the task, all in a single call.
@@ -70,9 +70,14 @@ The channel is automatically closed when the task terminates.
 If you need a reference to the created task, pass a `Ref{Task}` object via
 the keyword argument `taskref`.
 
-If `spawn = true`, the Task created for `func` may be scheduled on another thread
+If `spawn=true`, the `Task` created for `func` may be scheduled on another thread
 in parallel, equivalent to creating a task via [`Threads.@spawn`](@ref).
 
+If `spawn=true` and the `threadpool` argument is not set, it defaults to `:default`.
+
+If the `threadpool` argument is set (to `:default` or `:interactive`), this implies
+that `spawn=true` and the new Task is spawned to the specified threadpool.
+
 Return a `Channel`.
 
 # Examples
@@ -117,6 +122,9 @@ true
     In earlier versions of Julia, Channel used keyword arguments to set `size` and `T`, but
     those constructors are deprecated.
 
+!!! compat "Julia 1.9"
+    The `threadpool=` argument was added in Julia 1.9.
+
 ```jldoctest
 julia> chnl = Channel{Char}(1, spawn=true) do ch
            for c in "hello world"
@@ -129,12 +137,18 @@ julia> String(collect(chnl))
 "hello world"
 ```
 """
-function Channel{T}(func::Function, size=0; taskref=nothing, spawn=false) where T
+function Channel{T}(func::Function, size=0; taskref=nothing, spawn=false, threadpool=nothing) where T
     chnl = Channel{T}(size)
     task = Task(() -> func(chnl))
+    if threadpool === nothing
+        threadpool = :default
+    else
+        spawn = true
+    end
     task.sticky = !spawn
     bind(chnl, task)
     if spawn
+        Threads._spawn_set_thrpool(task, threadpool)
         schedule(task) # start it on (potentially) another thread
     else
         yield(task) # immediately start it, yielding the current thread
@@ -149,17 +163,17 @@ Channel(func::Function, args...; kwargs...) = Channel{Any}(func, args...; kwargs
 # of course not deprecated.)
 # We use `nothing` default values to check which arguments were set in order to throw the
 # deprecation warning if users try to use `spawn=` with `ctype=` or `csize=`.
-function Channel(func::Function; ctype=nothing, csize=nothing, taskref=nothing, spawn=nothing)
+function Channel(func::Function; ctype=nothing, csize=nothing, taskref=nothing, spawn=nothing, threadpool=nothing)
     # The spawn= keyword argument was added in Julia v1.3, and cannot be used with the
     # deprecated keyword arguments `ctype=` or `csize=`.
-    if (ctype !== nothing || csize !== nothing) && spawn !== nothing
-        throw(ArgumentError("Cannot set `spawn=` in the deprecated constructor `Channel(f; ctype=Any, csize=0)`. Please use `Channel{T=Any}(f, size=0; taskref=nothing, spawn=false)` instead!"))
+    if (ctype !== nothing || csize !== nothing) && (spawn !== nothing || threadpool !== nothing)
+        throw(ArgumentError("Cannot set `spawn=` or `threadpool=` in the deprecated constructor `Channel(f; ctype=Any, csize=0)`. Please use `Channel{T=Any}(f, size=0; taskref=nothing, spawn=false, threadpool=nothing)` instead!"))
     end
     # Set the actual default values for the arguments.
     ctype === nothing && (ctype = Any)
     csize === nothing && (csize = 0)
     spawn === nothing && (spawn = false)
-    return Channel{ctype}(func, csize; taskref=taskref, spawn=spawn)
+    return Channel{ctype}(func, csize; taskref=taskref, spawn=spawn, threadpool=threadpool)
 end
 
 closed_exception() = InvalidStateException("Channel is closed.", :closed)

base/client.jl

@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ scrub_repl_backtrace(stack::ExceptionStack) =
     ExceptionStack(Any[(;x.exception, backtrace = scrub_repl_backtrace(x.backtrace)) for x in stack])
 
 istrivialerror(stack::ExceptionStack) =
-    length(stack) == 1 && length(stack[1].backtrace) ≤ 1
-    # frame 1 = top level; assumes already went through scrub_repl_backtrace
+    length(stack) == 1 && length(stack[1].backtrace) ≤ 1 && !isa(stack[1].exception, MethodError)
+    # frame 1 = top level; assumes already went through scrub_repl_backtrace; MethodError see #50803
 
 function display_error(io::IO, stack::ExceptionStack)
     printstyled(io, "ERROR: "; bold=true, color=Base.error_color())

base/compiler/abstractinterpretation.jl

@@ -1869,39 +1869,50 @@ function abstract_call_builtin(interp::AbstractInterpreter, f::Builtin, (; fargs
 end
 
 function abstract_call_unionall(interp::AbstractInterpreter, argtypes::Vector{Any})
-    if length(argtypes) == 3
-        canconst = true
+    na = length(argtypes)
+    if isvarargtype(argtypes[end])
+        if na ≤ 2
+            return CallMeta(Any, EFFECTS_THROWS, NoCallInfo())
+        elseif na > 4
+            return CallMeta(Bottom, EFFECTS_THROWS, NoCallInfo())
+        end
+        a2 = argtypes[2]
+        a3 = unwrapva(argtypes[3])
+        nothrow = false
+    elseif na == 3
         a2 = argtypes[2]
         a3 = argtypes[3]
         ⊑ᵢ = ⊑(typeinf_lattice(interp))
         nothrow = a2 ⊑ᵢ TypeVar && (a3 ⊑ᵢ Type || a3 ⊑ᵢ TypeVar)
-        if isa(a3, Const)
-            body = a3.val
-        elseif isType(a3)
-            body = a3.parameters[1]
+    else
+        return CallMeta(Bottom, EFFECTS_THROWS, NoCallInfo())
+    end
+    canconst = true
+    if isa(a3, Const)
+        body = a3.val
+    elseif isType(a3)
+        body = a3.parameters[1]
+        canconst = false
+    else
+        return CallMeta(Any, Effects(EFFECTS_TOTAL; nothrow), NoCallInfo())
+    end
+    if !(isa(body, Type) || isa(body, TypeVar))
+        return CallMeta(Any, EFFECTS_THROWS, NoCallInfo())
+    end
+    if has_free_typevars(body)
+        if isa(a2, Const)
+            tv = a2.val
+        elseif isa(a2, PartialTypeVar)
+            tv = a2.tv
             canconst = false
         else
-            return CallMeta(Any, Effects(EFFECTS_TOTAL; nothrow), NoCallInfo())
-        end
-        if !(isa(body, Type) || isa(body, TypeVar))
             return CallMeta(Any, EFFECTS_THROWS, NoCallInfo())
         end
-        if has_free_typevars(body)
-            if isa(a2, Const)
-                tv = a2.val
-            elseif isa(a2, PartialTypeVar)
-                tv = a2.tv
-                canconst = false
-            else
-                return CallMeta(Any, EFFECTS_THROWS, NoCallInfo())
-            end
-            isa(tv, TypeVar) || return CallMeta(Any, EFFECTS_THROWS, NoCallInfo())
-            body = UnionAll(tv, body)
-        end
-        ret = canconst ? Const(body) : Type{body}
-        return CallMeta(ret, Effects(EFFECTS_TOTAL; nothrow), NoCallInfo())
+        isa(tv, TypeVar) || return CallMeta(Any, EFFECTS_THROWS, NoCallInfo())
+        body = UnionAll(tv, body)
     end
-    return CallMeta(Bottom, EFFECTS_THROWS, NoCallInfo())
+    ret = canconst ? Const(body) : Type{body}
+    return CallMeta(ret, Effects(EFFECTS_TOTAL; nothrow), NoCallInfo())
 end
 
 function abstract_invoke(interp::AbstractInterpreter, (; fargs, argtypes)::ArgInfo, si::StmtInfo, sv::AbsIntState)
@@ -2182,6 +2193,12 @@ function sp_type_rewrap(@nospecialize(T), linfo::MethodInstance, isreturn::Bool)
                         T = UnionAll(v, T)
                     end
                 end
+                if has_free_typevars(T)
+                    fv = ccall(:jl_find_free_typevars, Vector{Any}, (Any,), T)
+                    for v in fv
+                        T = UnionAll(v, T)
+                    end
+                end
             else
                 T = rewrap_unionall(T, spsig)
             end

base/compiler/ssair/inlining.jl

@@ -817,8 +817,8 @@ end
 function compileable_specialization(mi::MethodInstance, effects::Effects,
         et::InliningEdgeTracker, @nospecialize(info::CallInfo); compilesig_invokes::Bool=true)
     mi_invoke = mi
+    method, atype, sparams = mi.def::Method, mi.specTypes, mi.sparam_vals
     if compilesig_invokes
-        method, atype, sparams = mi.def::Method, mi.specTypes, mi.sparam_vals
         new_atype = get_compileable_sig(method, atype, sparams)
         new_atype === nothing && return nothing
         if atype !== new_atype
@@ -836,7 +836,8 @@ function compileable_specialization(mi::MethodInstance, effects::Effects,
             return nothing
         end
     end
-    add_inlining_backedge!(et, mi)
+    add_inlining_backedge!(et, mi) # to the dispatch lookup
+    push!(et.edges, method.sig, mi_invoke) # add_inlining_backedge to the invoke call
     return InvokeCase(mi_invoke, effects, info)
 end
 

base/compiler/tfuncs.jl

@@ -2620,13 +2620,15 @@ function return_type_tfunc(interp::AbstractInterpreter, argtypes::Vector{Any}, s
 
     if length(argtypes) == 3
         aft = widenslotwrapper(argtypes[2])
-        if !isa(aft, Const) && !(isType(aft) && !has_free_typevars(aft)) &&
-                !(isconcretetype(aft) && !(aft <: Builtin))
-            return UNKNOWN
-        end
         argtypes_vec = Any[aft, af_argtype.parameters...]
     else
         argtypes_vec = Any[af_argtype.parameters...]
+        isempty(argtypes_vec) && push!(argtypes_vec, Union{})
+        aft = argtypes_vec[1]
+    end
+    if !(isa(aft, Const) || (isType(aft) && !has_free_typevars(aft)) ||
+            (isconcretetype(aft) && !(aft <: Builtin) && !iskindtype(aft)))
+        return UNKNOWN
     end
 
     if contains_is(argtypes_vec, Union{})
@@ -2659,8 +2661,7 @@ function return_type_tfunc(interp::AbstractInterpreter, argtypes::Vector{Any}, s
         # in two ways: both as being a subtype of this, and
         # because of LimitedAccuracy causes
         return CallMeta(Type{<:rt}, EFFECTS_TOTAL, info)
-    elseif (isa(tt, Const) || isconstType(tt)) &&
-        (isa(aft, Const) || isconstType(aft))
+    elseif isa(tt, Const) || isconstType(tt)
         # input arguments were known for certain
         # XXX: this doesn't imply we know anything about rt
         return CallMeta(Const(rt), EFFECTS_TOTAL, info)