deleteat! : check bounds for the first passed index (#36231)

* deleteat! : check bounds for the first passed index

All other indices are bound-checked.
Currently, the behavior looks like:
```julia
julia> deleteat!([1:1000;], [-100])

signal (11): Segmentation fault
[...]

julia>  deleteat!(BigInt[0], [0])
free(): invalid next size (normal)

signal (6): Aborted
[...]

julia> deleteat!(BigInt[0], [-100])
ERROR: UndefRefError: access to undefined reference
[...]

julia> deleteat!([0], [0])
Int64[]

julia> deleteat!([0], [2])
1-element Array{Int64,1}:
 0

julia> deleteat!([0], [3])
ERROR: InexactError: check_top_bit(UInt64, -1)
[...]
```
With this commit, all these expressions throw a `BoundsError`.

* Update base/array.jl

Co-authored-by: Simeon Schaub <simeondavidschaub99@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: Simeon Schaub <simeondavidschaub99@gmail.com>

base/array.jl

@@ -1352,9 +1352,9 @@ function _deleteat!(a::Vector, inds, dltd=Nowhere())
     n = length(a)
     y = iterate(inds)
     y === nothing && return a
-    n == 0 && throw(BoundsError(a, inds))
     (p, s) = y
-    p <= n && push!(dltd, @inbounds a[p])
+    checkbounds(a, p)
+    push!(dltd, @inbounds a[p])
     q = p+1
     while true
         y = iterate(inds, s)

test/arrayops.jl

@@ -1448,11 +1448,15 @@ end
     @test deleteat!(a, [1,3,5,7:10...]) == [2,4,6]
     @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, 13)
     @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, [1,13])
-    @test_throws ArgumentError deleteat!(a, [5,3])
+    @test_throws ArgumentError deleteat!(a, [3,2]) # not sorted
     @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, 5:20)
     @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, Bool[])
     @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, [true])
     @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, falses(11))
+    @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, [0])
+    @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, [4])
+    @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, [5])
+    @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!(a, [5, 3])
 
     @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!([], 1)
     @test_throws BoundsError deleteat!([], [1])