fix macros @which, @edit, @functionloc, @less for literal_pow case. (#53713)

The macros `@which`, `@edit`, `@functionloc`, `@less` from `InteractiveUtils`, if
applied to the case of literal powers, like `a^12` or `2^-1` used to direct the
user to function `^`, while the compiler generates code for `Base.literal_pow`.

Now the user is shown the code the compiler generates.

Fixes #53691
Fixes #43337
Fixes #21014

Co-authored-by: Matt Bauman <mbauman@juliahub.com>

Author: KlausC

stdlib/InteractiveUtils/src/macros.jl

@@ -106,6 +106,11 @@ function gen_call_with_extracted_types(__module__, fcn, ex0, kws=Expr[])
                        $(kws...))
             end
         elseif ex0.head === :call
+            if ex0.args[1] === :^ && length(ex0.args) >= 3 && isa(ex0.args[3], Int)
+                return Expr(:call, fcn, :(Base.literal_pow),
+                            Expr(:call, typesof, esc(ex0.args[1]), esc(ex0.args[2]),
+                                 esc(Val(ex0.args[3]))))
+            end
             return Expr(:call, fcn, esc(ex0.args[1]),
                         Expr(:call, typesof, map(esc, ex0.args[2:end])...),
                         kws...)

stdlib/InteractiveUtils/test/runtests.jl

@@ -279,14 +279,50 @@ let x..y = 0
     @test (@which 1..2).name === :..
 end
 
+# issue #53691
+let a = -1
+    @test (@which 2^a).name === :^
+    @test (@which 2^0x1).name === :^
+end
+
+let w = Vector{Any}(undef, 9)
+    @testset "@which x^literal" begin
+        w[1] = @which 2^0
+        w[2] = @which 2^1
+        w[3] = @which 2^2
+        w[4] = @which 2^3
+        w[5] = @which 2^-1
+        w[6] = @which 2^-2
+        w[7] = @which 2^10
+        w[8] = @which big(2.0)^1
+        w[9] = @which big(2.0)^-1
+        @test all(getproperty.(w, :name) .=== :literal_pow)
+        @test length(Set(w)) == length(w) # all methods distinct
+    end
+end
+
+# PR 53713
+if Int === Int64
+    # literal_pow only for exponents x: -2^63 <= x < 2^63 #53860 (all Int)
+    @test (@which 2^-9223372036854775809).name === :^
+    @test (@which 2^-9223372036854775808).name === :literal_pow
+    @test (@which 2^9223372036854775807).name === :literal_pow
+    @test (@which 2^9223372036854775808).name === :^
+elseif Int === Int32
+    # literal_pow only for exponents x: -2^31 <= x < 2^31 #53860 (all Int)
+    @test (@which 2^-2147483649).name === :^
+    @test (@which 2^-2147483648).name === :literal_pow
+    @test (@which 2^2147483647).name === :literal_pow
+    @test (@which 2^2147483648).name === :^
+end
+
 # issue #13464
 try
     @which x = 1
     error("unexpected")
 catch err13464
     @test startswith(err13464.msg, "expression is not a function call")
 end
-
 module MacroTest
 export @macrotest
 macro macrotest(x::Int, y::Symbol) end