Microblogging: From an obfuscated function to a synthesized LLVM IR

[JonathanSalwan]

Introduction

Software are getting more and more complex to analyze, they are bigger and better protected than years ago. So tools must follow this trend and be adapted to provide features that can deal with binaries as smoothly as possible. This is why I've started the Triton project 7 years ago, it is like a Swiss Army knife with one more feature today: the possibility to lift from the Triton AST to the LLVM IR.

Why LLVM IR?

LLVM is a compiler infrastructure which relies on its own IR [0] and provides so many tools and features for code optimization. Code optimizations are useful for deobfuscate parts of binary code and thus break some software protections [1]. Several tools already exist to lift binary code to LLVM IR [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].

Unlike most of binary analysis tools, Triton is a bit different as it works on a dynamic paradigm, it represents the data flow of an execution on its own structured representation and provides some optimizations on it. These optimizations are possible as we can extract concrete information from the execution. For example, we can extract runtime values to simplify the path predicate built by the symbolic engine (useful when attacking virtual-based protection [1]). Second example, last week we introduced another optimization to synthesize obfuscated expressions and thus break MBA [10]. However, optimizations are always hard to develop and are a real academic fields. So what better than enjoying all things already done by the LLVM community on that part! Thus we can combine our optimizations from a dynamic paradigm plus compiler optimizations!

Another point is that when we simplified obfuscated code, in some scenarios it can be useful to translate back the Triton AST to binary code in order to rebuild an unprotected binary. This is the topic of the today.

All these arguments lead us to provide news features (commit: aa1dbb5).

Lifting engines

News classes are born: LiftingEngine, LiftingToLLVM, LiftingToPython, LiftingToSMT and TritonToLLVM.

Lifting the Triton AST to Python and SMT files already existed, but were refactored into new classes. The new feature is the classes LiftingToLLVM and TritonToLLVM. TritonToLLVM converts a triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode to a llvm::Module and can be used as standalone class. This class does not alter your current analysis state. For example, on C++ you have something like this:

void foo(const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode& node)
    /* The LLVM context */
    llvm::LLVMContext context;

    /* The lifter Triton -> LLVM */
    triton::ast::TritonToLLVM lifter(context);

    /* Lift AST to LLVM IR */
    std::shared_ptr<llvm::Module> llvmModule = lifter.convert(node);

    ...
}

Then, once the llvm::Module got, feel free to use the power of the LLVM back-end. The class LiftingToLLVM allows us to stream the llvm::Module into a std::ostream. For example on Python you may have something like below. All your symbolic variables involved in the ecx expression will be passed as an argument to an LLVM-IR function so that ecx = __triton(a, b)

>>> print(ctx.liftToLLVM(ecx))
define i32 @__triton(i32 %a, i32 %b) {
entry:
  %0 = xor i32 %b, -1
  %1 = mul i32 %a, %b
  %2 = and i32 %1, %0
  %3 = add i32 %b, 0
  %4 = xor i32 %1, -1
  [...]
  %36 = shl i32 %35, 8
  %37 = zext i8 %22 to i32
  %38 = or i32 %36, %37
  %39 = zext i32 %38 to i64
  %40 = trunc i64 %39 to i32
  ret i32 %40
}

Concrete example

Let's consider an obfuscated function that takes 2 arguments that the user can control. After a reverse engineering phase, we now that the function wants to hide the computation of those two arguments using MBA. So we:

• Extract the binary code of the function
• Define the AST_OPTIMIZATIONS mode to perform classical AST optimizations during the runtime
• Emulate the function
• Get the data flow of the computation at the return of the function (assigned by the register eax)
• Synthesize the data flow
• Lift to the LLVM IR
• Take a beer 🍺

The script is the following:

#!/usr/bin/env python
## -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys
from triton import *

# The function we want to emulate
CODE  = b"\x55\x48\x89\xE5\x89\x7D\xEC\x89\x75\xE8\x8B\x45\xE8\x23\x45\xEC"
CODE += b"\x89\xC2\x8B\x45\xE8\x0B\x45\xEC\x89\xD1\x0F\xAF\xC8\x8B\x45\xEC"
CODE += b"\xF7\xD0\x23\x45\xE8\x89\xC2\x8B\x45\xE8\xF7\xD0\x23\x45\xEC\x0F"
CODE += b"\xAF\xC2\x01\xC8\x23\x45\xE8\x89\xC2\x8B\x45\xE8\x23\x45\xEC\x89"
CODE += b"\xC1\x8B\x45\xE8\x0B\x45\xEC\x89\xCE\x0F\xAF\xF0\x8B\x45\xEC\xF7"
CODE += b"\xD0\x23\x45\xE8\x89\xC1\x8B\x45\xE8\xF7\xD0\x23\x45\xEC\x0F\xAF"
CODE += b"\xC1\x01\xF0\x0B\x45\xE8\x89\xD6\x0F\xAF\xF0\x8B\x45\xE8\x23\x45"
CODE += b"\xEC\x89\xC2\x8B\x45\xE8\x0B\x45\xEC\x89\xD1\x0F\xAF\xC8\x8B\x45"
CODE += b"\xEC\xF7\xD0\x23\x45\xE8\x89\xC2\x8B\x45\xE8\xF7\xD0\x23\x45\xEC"
CODE += b"\x0F\xAF\xC2\x8D\x14\x01\x8B\x45\xE8\xF7\xD0\x89\xD1\x21\xC1\x8B"
CODE += b"\x45\xE8\x23\x45\xEC\x89\xC2\x8B\x45\xE8\x0B\x45\xEC\x89\xD7\x0F"
CODE += b"\xAF\xF8\x8B\x45\xEC\xF7\xD0\x23\x45\xE8\x89\xC2\x8B\x45\xE8\xF7"
CODE += b"\xD0\x23\x45\xEC\x0F\xAF\xC2\x01\xF8\xF7\xD0\x23\x45\xE8\x0F\xAF"
CODE += b"\xC1\x8D\x14\x06\x8B\x45\xEC\x01\xD0\x83\xC0\x01\x89\x45\xFC\x8B"
CODE += b"\x45\xFC\x5D\xC3"

def emulate(ctx, pc):
    while pc:
        opcode = ctx.getConcreteMemoryAreaValue(pc, 16)
        instruction = Instruction(pc, opcode)
        ctx.processing(instruction)
        pc = ctx.getConcreteRegisterValue(ctx.registers.rip)
    return

def main():
    ctx = TritonContext(ARCH.X86_64)
    ast = ctx.getAstContext()
    ctx.setMode(MODE.AST_OPTIMIZATIONS, True)

    # Arguments of the function we want to symbolize
    a = ast.variable(ctx.symbolizeRegister(ctx.registers.edi, "a"))
    b = ast.variable(ctx.symbolizeRegister(ctx.registers.esi, "b"))

    # Emulate the code
    ctx.setConcreteMemoryAreaValue(0x1000, CODE)
    emulate(ctx, 0x1000)

    # Get the return of the function
    eax = ctx.getRegisterAst(ctx.registers.eax)

    # Lift the returned expression
    deobfu = ctx.synthesize(eax, opaque=False, constant=True, subexpr=True)
    print(ctx.liftToLLVM(deobfu))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.exit(main())

After synthesizing the data flow we know that the computation is ((a + ((a * b) * b)) + 0x1) and the lifting to LLVM IR is the following:

; ModuleID = 'tritonModule'
source_filename = "tritonModule"

define i32 @__triton(i32 %a, i32 %b) {
entry:
  %0 = mul i32 %a, %b
  %1 = mul i32 %0, %b
  %2 = add i32 %a, %1
  %3 = add i32 %2, 1
  ret i32 %3
}

Now we are free to compile this function and to inject opcode into IDA to replace the obfuscated function by a clearer version. Note that at the first shot it may looks as a trivial simplification but without our synthesis implementation the obfuscated computation is the following:

(((((((((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((0x0 + ((((((((((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((((((~(((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((((0x0 + ((((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) * 0x1) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & ((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) * 0x1) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + 0x1) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((0x0 + ((((((((((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((((((~(((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((((0x0 + ((((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) * 0x1) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & ((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) * 0x1) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + 0x1) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((0x0 + ((((((((((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((((((~(((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((((0x0 + ((((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) * 0x1) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & ((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) * 0x1) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + 0x1) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((0x0 + ((((((((((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((((((~(((((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + (((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((((0x0 + ((((((((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) * ((((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff) | (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) + ((((((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) * (((((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | a) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & (((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff))) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) * 0x1) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & ((~(((((((((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 24) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 16) & 0xff)) << 8 | (((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) >> 8) & 0xff)) << 8 | ((((((0x0 >> 32) & 0xffffffff)) << 32 | b) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) * 0x1) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff)) & 0xffffffffffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff)) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) + 0x1) & 0xffffffff) & 0xffffffff) & 0xff)) & 0xffffffff)

In this case, it is not useful to use LLVM optimizations to improve the output as we fully synthesized it, but at least we can re-inject opcodes into IDA and continue the reverse engineering of the target. However, sometime LLVM optimizations are benefical [01] =).

References

[00] https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html
[01] https://github.com/JonathanSalwan/Tigress_protection
[02] https://github.com/lifting-bits/mcsema
[03] https://github.com/avast/retdec
[04] https://github.com/GaloisInc/reopt
[05] https://github.com/revng/revng
[06] https://github.com/cojocar/bin2llvm
[07] https://github.com/zneak/fcd
[08] https://github.com/draperlaboratory/fracture
[09] https://github.com/pgoodman/libbeauty
[10] https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01623849/document

[mrexodia]

Here is a project that also implements Triton -> LLVM: https://github.com/fvrmatteo/TritonASTLLVMIRTranslator

As a sidenote, you can do the CMake a bit nicer since "recent" LLVM versions (10.0 or something): https://github.com/LLVMParty/LLVMCMakeTemplate/blob/master/cmake/LLVM.cmake

The repository is using Hunter, but this is totally optional. Simply use -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/path/to/llvm/install and then the following CMake:

include(LLVM.cmake)

target_link_libraries(myTarget PRIVATE
    LLVM-Wrapper
)

This is the 'idiomatic' CMake and it also works nicely on Windows.

[fvrmatteo]

Here is a project that also implements Triton -> LLVM: https://github.com/fvrmatteo/TritonASTLLVMIRTranslator

And the reverse transformation too (LLVM-IR -> TritonAST), which I found really useful to obtain more optimised ASTs to be propagated during the exploration or simplified ASTs to be fed to the SMT solver to crunch some opaque predicates!

[JonathanSalwan]

And the reverse transformation too (LLVM-IR -> TritonAST), which I found really useful to obtain more optimised ASTs to be propagated during the exploration or simplified ASTs to be fed to the SMT solver to crunch some opaque predicates!

@fvrmatteo, let's do that then :).

@mrexodia thanks mate 👍

[aguinet]

It could be interesting to have an API that takes as input an already existing LLVM module, and lift the expression into a function with a user-provided name. It can help merge multiple liftings easily, other wise you need a potentially expensive cross-module copy of functions, which could be a performance bottleneck in some cases.

[JonathanSalwan]

60     SharedAbstractNode LLVMToTriton::convert(llvm::Module* llvmModule) {

I'm on it mamène. But the "with a user-provided name" is interesting. I will add it!

Cheers mate !

[JonathanSalwan]

@fvrmatteo, @mrexodia, @aguinet, here we are:

/* Init Triton */
triton::API ctx(triton::arch::ARCH_X86_64);
auto actx = ctx.getAstContext();

/* Triton to LLVM */                          
llvm::LLVMContext llvmContext;
triton::ast::TritonToLLVM ttllvm(llvmContext);
auto llvmModule = ttllvm.convert(node); /* llvm::Module */

/* LLVM to Triton */
triton::ast::LLVMToTriton llvmtt(actx);
auto node = llvmtt.convert(llvmModule.get()); /* Triton AST */

Both convert methods can take an llvm function name as argument:

//! LLVM to Triton
TRITON_EXPORT triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode convert(llvm::Module* llvmModule, const std::string& fname="__triton");

//! Triton to LLVM
TRITON_EXPORT std::shared_ptr<llvm::Module> convert(const triton::ast::SharedAbstractNode& node, const std::string& fname="__triton");

Code here

[aguinet]

Nice djo :) const char* could be used instead of std::string const& :)

[trustednstaller]

Is there a particular reason why the lifting to an LLVM in module is limited to a single node (if I'm understanding this correctly)? This is quite limiting and can make sense in the given example, but for instance with the provided function above as a test case, why not be able to lift a list of nodes to an LLVM module instead?