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<h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">安卓小白之ndk编译打包成so供第三方调用</h1>
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<p><strong>版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请注明出处(www.huangjie.name)，保护原创，从我做起.</strong></p>
<hr>
<blockquote>
<p>本文接着上篇文章内容来,主要讲述如何生成so库以及将类编译成jar包供第三方调用<br><a href="http://www.huangjie.name/androidndkstudyfirst.html">安卓小白之ndk入门篇</a><br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="配置"><a href="#配置" class="headerlink" title="配置"></a>配置</h4><p>在build.gradle中<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">externalNativeBuild {</span><br><span class="line"> cmake {</span><br><span class="line"> cppFlags ""</span><br><span class="line"> //在这里指定需要生成什么类型的so</span><br><span class="line"> abiFilters "armeabi","armeabi-v7a"</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>在CMakeList文件中可以指定生成的so库的名称<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">add_library( # Sets the name of the library.</span><br><span class="line"> native-lib #修改此处</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> # Sets the library as a shared library.</span><br><span class="line"> SHARED</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> # Provides a relative path to your source file(s).</span><br><span class="line"> src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">.....</span><br><span class="line">target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.</span><br><span class="line"> native-lib #修改此处</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> # Links the target library to the log library</span><br><span class="line"> # included in the NDK.</span><br><span class="line"> ${log-lib})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>注意<code>add_library</code>的名称和<code>target_link_libraries</code>的名称必须相同<br>还有另外一种配置<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">defaultConfig{</span><br><span class="line"> ndk{</span><br><span class="line"> //指定生成的so库名称</span><br><span class="line"> moduleName "native"</span><br><span class="line"> //在这里指定需要生成什么类型的so</span><br><span class="line"> abiFilters "armeabi","armeabi-v7a"</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>可以直接在gradle中都配置好，不需要更改CMakeList</p>
<p>配置好后，点击<code>Build</code>-><code>Make Project</code>等待编译完成,如果你是通过第一种方法配置的，那么生成的so库位于<code>app</code>-><code>build</code>-><code>intermediates</code>-><code>cmake</code>-><code>debug</code>-><code>obj</code>目录下，如果是第二种方法，那么so库位于<code>app</code>-><code>build</code>-><code>intermediates</code>-><code>ndk</code>-><code>debug</code>-><code>obj</code>目录下。</p>
<h4 id="生成jar包"><a href="#生成jar包" class="headerlink" title="生成jar包"></a>生成jar包</h4><p>看cpp文件里的方法就知道，方法声明都是与包名绑定的，那我要是给第三方app调用呢，总不能让它们用我们的包名吧，所以，我们就需要将我们的类都打成jar包供第三方间接调用，让第三方调用我们的类，我们的类来调用c代码，这样问题就解决啦。</p>
<p>1.要编译jar包，前提条件是你的这个项目必须是一个类库，也就是library,在app gradle<br>的最上面查看是否为<code>apply plugin: 'com.android.library'</code></p>
<p>2.在build defaultConfig目录里加入以下代码:<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">task makeJar(type: Copy) {</span><br><span class="line"> //删除存在的</span><br><span class="line"> delete 'build/libs/jar.jar'</span><br><span class="line"> //设置拷贝的文件</span><br><span class="line"> from('build/intermediates/bundles/debug/')</span><br><span class="line"> //打进jar包后的文件目录</span><br><span class="line"> into('build/libs/')</span><br><span class="line"> //将classes.jar放入build/libs/目录下</span><br><span class="line"> //include ,exclude参数来设置过滤</span><br><span class="line"> //（我们只关心classes.jar这个文件）</span><br><span class="line"> include('classes.jar')</span><br><span class="line"> //重命名</span><br><span class="line"> rename ('classes.jar', 'jar.jar')</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> makeJar.dependsOn(build)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>看注释，名字任意取，然后再Terminal中执行命令<code>gradlew makeJar</code>, Terminal在AndroidStudio的左下角。<br>执行完，提示BUILD SUCCESSFUL后，在以下路径可以找到生成的jar包：<br><code>app/build/intermediates/bundles/debug/</code></p>
<h4 id="调用"><a href="#调用" class="headerlink" title="调用"></a>调用</h4><p>jar包和so库都生成好后，就可以使用了，将jar包放入app->libs目录，将so库放入app->src->main->jinLibs<br><img src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/3468978-e6d758fb1916b250.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240" alt="s"><br>根据你的需要在jinLibs中建立不同的cpu架构目录，一般创建一个armeabi和armeabi-v7a就可以了，注意不要写错，同时注意在gradle中申明你需要的架构类型<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ndk{</span><br><span class="line"> //在这里指定需要生成什么类型的so</span><br><span class="line"> abiFilters "armeabi","armeabi-v7a"</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>都配置好后，重新Sync Project下项目，就能愉快的使用了。</p>
<p>在使用中，有同学经常会遇到so库文件找不到的问题，这时你就需要检查你的架构目录下的so的数量是不是相同的，千万不要出现单个目录没有的情况。这是因为so库都是向下兼容，假如一台v7架构的手机，你把两个需要使用的so库都放到armeabi目录中，没问题，因为系统在v7中找不到会去armeabi目录找。但是如果你将一个so放到armeabi和armeabi-v7a，另一个只放了到了armeabi，当一个v7架构的手机使用的时候，如果发现armeabi-v7中没有是不会去armeabi中找的，因为另一个so也放到了armeabi-v7目录下，代表你兼容了armeabi-v7的情况，此时是不会向下兼容的。所以，解决方案就是要么删除v7里的so,要么把缺少的so补齐。</p>
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