[SPARK-47938][SQL] MsSQLServer: Cannot find data type BYTE error

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR uses SMALLINT (as TINYINT ranges [0, 255]) instead of BYTE to fix the ByteType mapping for MsSQLServer JDBC

```java
[info]   com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException: Column, parameter, or variable apache#1: Cannot find data type BYTE.
[info]   at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException.makeFromDatabaseError(SQLServerException.java:265)
[info]   at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.getNextResult(SQLServerStatement.java:1662)
[info]   at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.doExecuteStatement(SQLServerStatement.java:898)
[info]   at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement$StmtExecCmd.doExecute(SQLServerStatement.java:793)
[info]   at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.TDSCommand.execute(IOBuffer.java:7417)
[info]   at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerConnection.executeCommand(SQLServerConnection.java:3488)
[info]   at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.executeCommand(SQLServerStatement.java:262)
[info]   at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.executeStatement(SQLServerStatement.java:237)
[info]   at com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerStatement.executeUpdate(SQLServerStatement.java:733)
[info]   at org.apache.spark.sql.jdbc.JdbcDialect.createTable(JdbcDialects.scala:267)
```

### Why are the changes needed?

bugfix

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

no

### How was this patch tested?

new tests
### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

no

Closes apache#46164 from yaooqinn/SPARK-47938.

Lead-authored-by: Kent Yao <yao@apache.org>
Co-authored-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dongjoon@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dhyun@apple.com>

Author: 2 people

connector/docker-integration-tests/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/jdbc/MsSqlServerIntegrationSuite.scala

@@ -437,4 +437,12 @@ class MsSqlServerIntegrationSuite extends DockerJDBCIntegrationSuite {
       .load()
     assert(df.collect().toSet === expectedResult)
   }
+
+  test("SPARK-47938: Fix 'Cannot find data type BYTE' in SQL Server") {
+    spark.sql("select cast(1 as byte) as c0")
+      .write
+      .jdbc(jdbcUrl, "test_byte", new Properties)
+    val df = spark.read.jdbc(jdbcUrl, "test_byte", new Properties)
+    checkAnswer(df, Row(1.toShort))
+  }
 }

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/jdbc/MsSqlServerDialect.scala

@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ private case class MsSqlServerDialect() extends JdbcDialect {
     case BinaryType => Some(JdbcType("VARBINARY(MAX)", java.sql.Types.VARBINARY))
     case ShortType if !SQLConf.get.legacyMsSqlServerNumericMappingEnabled =>
       Some(JdbcType("SMALLINT", java.sql.Types.SMALLINT))
+    case ByteType => Some(JdbcType("SMALLINT", java.sql.Types.TINYINT))
     case _ => None
   }