ArrayBasedQueue.cs

using System;

namespace DataStructures.Queue
{
    /// <summary>
    ///     Implementation of an array based queue. FIFO style.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">Generic Type.</typeparam>
    public class ArrayBasedQueue<T>
    {
        private readonly T[] queue;
        private int endIndex;
        private bool isEmpty;
        private bool isFull;
        private int startIndex;

        /// <summary>
        ///     Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ArrayBasedQueue{T}" /> class.
        /// </summary>
        public ArrayBasedQueue(int capacity)
        {
            queue = new T[capacity];
            Clear();
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///     Clears the queue.
        /// </summary>
        public void Clear()
        {
            startIndex = 0;
            endIndex = 0;
            isEmpty = true;
            isFull = false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///     Returns the first item in the queue and removes it from the queue.
        /// </summary>
        /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException">Thrown if the queue is empty.</exception>
        public T Dequeue()
        {
            if (IsEmpty())
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("There are no items in the queue.");
            }

            var dequeueIndex = endIndex;
            endIndex++;
            if (endIndex >= queue.Length)
            {
                endIndex = 0;
            }

            isFull = false;
            isEmpty = startIndex == endIndex;

            return queue[dequeueIndex];
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///     Returns a boolean indicating whether the queue is empty.
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsEmpty() => isEmpty;

        /// <summary>
        ///     Returns a boolean indicating whether the queue is full.
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsFull() => isFull;

        /// <summary>
        ///     Returns the first item in the queue and keeps it in the queue.
        /// </summary>
        /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException">Thrown if the queue is empty.</exception>
        public T Peek()
        {
            if (IsEmpty())
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("There are no items in the queue.");
            }

            return queue[endIndex];
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///     Adds an item at the last position in the queue.
        /// </summary>
        /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException">Thrown if the queue is full.</exception>
        public void Enqueue(T item)
        {
            if (IsFull())
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("The queue has reached its capacity.");
            }

            queue[startIndex] = item;

            startIndex++;
            if (startIndex >= queue.Length)
            {
                startIndex = 0;
            }

            isEmpty = false;
            isFull = startIndex == endIndex;
        }
    }
}