diff --git a/49_zkBridge.md b/49_zkBridge.md index dae36b4..2693780 100644 --- a/49_zkBridge.md +++ b/49_zkBridge.md @@ -320,17 +320,19 @@ The GKR protocol, introduced in [GKR08], is a hierarchical proof system where th This allows computations to extend from discrete binary inputs to continuous domains while retaining binary consistency, facilitating efficient operations in large-scale circuits. 2. **Identity Function:** - The **identity function** $\beta(x, y)$ compares two inputs: + The **identity function** $\beta(x, y)$ compares two inputs: - $\beta(x, y) = + $$ + \beta(x, y) = \begin{cases} 1, & \text{if } x = y \\ 0, & \text{otherwise} - \end{cases}$ + \end{cases} + $$ Its multilinear extension generalizes this comparison to polynomial evaluation, aiding in verifying connections between circuit nodes during complex computations. -3. **Sumcheck Protocol:** +4. **Sumcheck Protocol:** The **Sumcheck Protocol** validates the correctness of polynomial computations, particularly for large-scale circuits such as data-parallel architectures. It works by recursively checking each layer of a circuit, aggregating inputs, and simplifying the problem. For a multivariable polynomial $f: F^\ell \to F$, the protocol confirms its sum over all binary inputs: $H = \sum_{b \in \{0,1\}^\ell} f(b)$