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docs(docker): alpine镜像源配置
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‎docs/docker/advanced/[alpine]源配置.md

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# [alpine]源配置
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## 问题
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默认`alpine`源地址可通过`/etc/apk/repositories`文件查看
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```
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$ docker run -it alpine
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/ # cd /etc/apk/
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/etc/apk # pwd
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/etc/apk
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/etc/apk # ls
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arch keys protected_paths.d repositories world
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/etc/apk #
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/etc/apk # cat repositories
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http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.11/main
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http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.11/community
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```
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使用默认源无法下载应用，以`NodeJS`为例
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```
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/etc/apk # apk add nodejs
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fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.11/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
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ERROR: http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.11/main: temporary error (try again later)
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WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.70f61090.tar.gz: No such file or directory
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fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.11/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
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ERROR: http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.11/community: temporary error (try again later)
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WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.ca2fea5b.tar.gz: No such file or directory
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ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
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nodejs (missing):
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required by: world[nodejs]
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```
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## 解析
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参考[Alpine Linux 源使用帮助](https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/alpine.html)，替换成国内镜像源
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```
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/etc/apk # sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apk/repositories
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/etc/apk #
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/etc/apk # cat repositories
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http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.11/main
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http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.11/community
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```
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配置`NodeJS`环境如下
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```
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/etc/apk # apk add nodejs
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fetch http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.11/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
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fetch http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.11/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
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(1/7) Installing ca-certificates (20191127-r1)
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(2/7) Installing c-ares (1.15.0-r0)
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(3/7) Installing libgcc (9.2.0-r3)
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(4/7) Installing nghttp2-libs (1.40.0-r0)
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(5/7) Installing libstdc++ (9.2.0-r3)
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(6/7) Installing libuv (1.34.0-r0)
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(7/7) Installing nodejs (12.15.0-r1)
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Executing busybox-1.31.1-r9.trigger
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Executing ca-certificates-20191127-r1.trigger
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OK: 36 MiB in 21 packages
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/etc/apk #
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/etc/apk # apk add npm
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(1/1) Installing npm (12.15.0-r1)
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Executing busybox-1.31.1-r9.trigger
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OK: 64 MiB in 22 packages
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```
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## dockerfile
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编写一个`Dockerfile`脚本，实现镜像源替换
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```
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FROM alpine:latest
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LABEL maintainer "zhujian <zjzstu@github.com>"
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RUN set -eux && sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apk/repositories
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```
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### 构建
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```
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$ docker build -t zjzstu/alpine:latest .
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Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048kB
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Step 1/3 : FROM alpine:latest
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---> e7d92cdc71fe
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Step 2/3 : LABEL maintainer "zhujian <zjzstu@github.com>"
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---> Running in e887d20623cd
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Removing intermediate container e887d20623cd
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---> 260632029e45
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Step 3/3 : RUN set -eux && sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apk/repositories
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---> Running in 0481eecdd0e9
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+ sed -i s/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g /etc/apk/repositories
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Removing intermediate container 0481eecdd0e9
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---> 6c891a208c35
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Successfully built 6c891a208c35
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```
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### 运行
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```
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$ docker run -it zjzstu/alpine
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/ # node
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/bin/sh: node: not found
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/ # apk add nodejs
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fetch http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.11/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
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fetch http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.11/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
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(1/7) Installing ca-certificates (20191127-r1)
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(2/7) Installing c-ares (1.15.0-r0)
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(3/7) Installing libgcc (9.2.0-r3)
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(4/7) Installing nghttp2-libs (1.40.0-r0)
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(5/7) Installing libstdc++ (9.2.0-r3)
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(6/7) Installing libuv (1.34.0-r0)
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(7/7) Installing nodejs (12.15.0-r1)
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Executing busybox-1.31.1-r9.trigger
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Executing ca-certificates-20191127-r1.trigger
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OK: 36 MiB in 21 packages
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/ #
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/ # node -v
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v12.15.0
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```

‎mkdocs.yml

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- '[docker search]搜索镜像': './docker/advanced/[docker search]搜索镜像.md'
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- '[Docker][SSH]远程登录Ubuntu': './docker/advanced/[Docker][SSH]远程登录Ubuntu.md'
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- '[Ubuntu]nvidia-docker安装': './docker/advanced/[Ubuntu]nvidia-docker安装.md'
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- '[alpine]源配置': './docker/advanced/[alpine]源配置.md'
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- Dockerfile:
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- 'Dockerfile编写': './docker/dockerfile/Dockerfile编写.md'
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- 'FROM': './docker/dockerfile/FROM.md'

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