diff --git a/demo/markdownlint-browser.js b/demo/markdownlint-browser.js
index e5694648a..a14c45788 100644
--- a/demo/markdownlint-browser.js
+++ b/demo/markdownlint-browser.js
@@ -6328,7 +6328,10 @@ module.exports = {
           try {
             var _loop = function _loop() {
               var definition = _step4.value;
-              if (definition.text.length > 1 && definition.text.startsWith("#") && !fragments.has(definition.text)) {
+              var endColumn = definition.endColumn,
+                startColumn = definition.startColumn,
+                text = definition.text;
+              if (text.length > 1 && text.startsWith("#") && !fragments.has(text) && !fragments.has("#".concat(encodeURIComponent(text.slice(1))))) {
                 // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef-init
                 var context = undefined;
                 // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef-init
@@ -6339,18 +6342,18 @@ module.exports = {
                   context = link.text;
                   range = [link.startColumn, link.endColumn - link.startColumn];
                   fixInfo = {
-                    "editColumn": definition.startColumn,
-                    "deleteCount": definition.endColumn - definition.startColumn
+                    "editColumn": startColumn,
+                    "deleteCount": endColumn - startColumn
                   };
                 }
-                var definitionTextLower = definition.text.toLowerCase();
+                var textLower = text.toLowerCase();
                 var mixedCaseKey = _toConsumableArray(fragments.keys()).find(function (key) {
-                  return definitionTextLower === key.toLowerCase();
+                  return textLower === key.toLowerCase();
                 });
                 if (mixedCaseKey) {
                   // @ts-ignore
                   (fixInfo || {}).insertText = mixedCaseKey;
-                  addErrorDetailIf(onError, link.startLine, mixedCaseKey, definition.text, undefined, context, range, fixInfo);
+                  addErrorDetailIf(onError, link.startLine, mixedCaseKey, text, undefined, context, range, fixInfo);
                 } else {
                   addError(onError, link.startLine, undefined, context, range);
                 }
diff --git a/lib/md051.js b/lib/md051.js
index 304302086..e8dc2ee53 100644
--- a/lib/md051.js
+++ b/lib/md051.js
@@ -99,10 +99,12 @@ module.exports = {
       for (const link of links) {
         const definitions = filterByTypes(link.children, [ definitionType ]);
         for (const definition of definitions) {
+          const { endColumn, startColumn, text } = definition;
           if (
-            (definition.text.length > 1) &&
-            definition.text.startsWith("#") &&
-            !fragments.has(definition.text)
+            (text.length > 1) &&
+            text.startsWith("#") &&
+            !fragments.has(text) &&
+            !fragments.has(`#${encodeURIComponent(text.slice(1))}`)
           ) {
             // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef-init
             let context = undefined;
@@ -114,13 +116,13 @@ module.exports = {
               context = link.text;
               range = [ link.startColumn, link.endColumn - link.startColumn ];
               fixInfo = {
-                "editColumn": definition.startColumn,
-                "deleteCount": definition.endColumn - definition.startColumn
+                "editColumn": startColumn,
+                "deleteCount": endColumn - startColumn
               };
             }
-            const definitionTextLower = definition.text.toLowerCase();
+            const textLower = text.toLowerCase();
             const mixedCaseKey = [ ...fragments.keys() ]
-              .find((key) => definitionTextLower === key.toLowerCase());
+              .find((key) => textLower === key.toLowerCase());
             if (mixedCaseKey) {
               // @ts-ignore
               (fixInfo || {}).insertText = mixedCaseKey;
@@ -128,7 +130,7 @@ module.exports = {
                 onError,
                 link.startLine,
                 mixedCaseKey,
-                definition.text,
+                text,
                 undefined,
                 context,
                 range,
diff --git a/test/link-fragments.md b/test/link-fragments.md
index 1932a474b..64e1a704d 100644
--- a/test/link-fragments.md
+++ b/test/link-fragments.md
@@ -44,8 +44,16 @@
 
 [Valid](#valid-heading-about-lh%C3%B4pitals-rule)
 
+[Valid](#valid-heading-about-lhôpitals-rule)
+
 [Valid](#en-t%C3%AAte-valide-dans-fran%C3%A7ais-pour-v%C3%A9rification)
 
+[Valid](#en-tête-valide-dans-français-pour-vérification)
+
+[Valid](#%E6%A0%87%E9%A2%98)
+
+[Valid](#标题)
+
 [Valid](#valid-heading-is-a-link)
 
 [Valid](#valid-heading-has-a-link)
@@ -137,6 +145,8 @@ Text
 
 ### En-tête Valide Dans Français Pour Vérification
 
+### 标题
+
 ### [Valid Heading Is a Link](https://example.com)
 
 ### Valid Heading [Has a Link](https://example.com)
diff --git a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-test-scenarios.js.md b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-test-scenarios.js.md
index 3806ff713..0b72e937b 100644
--- a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-test-scenarios.js.md
+++ b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-test-scenarios.js.md
@@ -23969,7 +23969,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             37,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 172,
+          lineNumber: 182,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -23985,7 +23985,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             31,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 174,
+          lineNumber: 184,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24001,7 +24001,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             36,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 176,
+          lineNumber: 186,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24017,7 +24017,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             28,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 178,
+          lineNumber: 188,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24033,7 +24033,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             18,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 180,
+          lineNumber: 190,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24053,7 +24053,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             editColumn: 11,
             insertText: '#HREFandID',
           },
-          lineNumber: 182,
+          lineNumber: 192,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24069,7 +24069,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             34,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 184,
+          lineNumber: 194,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24085,7 +24085,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             34,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 186,
+          lineNumber: 196,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24101,7 +24101,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             39,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 188,
+          lineNumber: 198,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24114,7 +24114,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
           errorDetail: null,
           errorRange: null,
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 190,
+          lineNumber: 200,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24130,7 +24130,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             28,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 195,
+          lineNumber: 205,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24150,7 +24150,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             editColumn: 9,
             insertText: '#valid-fragments',
           },
-          lineNumber: 199,
+          lineNumber: 209,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24170,7 +24170,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             editColumn: 12,
             insertText: '#namedlink',
           },
-          lineNumber: 201,
+          lineNumber: 211,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24183,7 +24183,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
           errorDetail: 'Expected: #namedlink; Actual: #NAMEDLINK',
           errorRange: null,
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 203,
+          lineNumber: 213,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24203,7 +24203,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             editColumn: 13,
             insertText: '#idlink',
           },
-          lineNumber: 208,
+          lineNumber: 218,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24219,7 +24219,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             26,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 243,
+          lineNumber: 253,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24235,7 +24235,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             26,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 245,
+          lineNumber: 255,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24251,7 +24251,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             20,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 247,
+          lineNumber: 257,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24267,7 +24267,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             23,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 249,
+          lineNumber: 259,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24283,7 +24283,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             22,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 251,
+          lineNumber: 261,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24299,7 +24299,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             42,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 253,
+          lineNumber: 263,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24315,7 +24315,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             21,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 255,
+          lineNumber: 265,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24331,7 +24331,7 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
             21,
           ],
           fixInfo: null,
-          lineNumber: 257,
+          lineNumber: 267,
           ruleDescription: 'Link fragments should be valid',
           ruleInformation: 'https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/v0.0.0/doc/md051.md',
           ruleNames: [
@@ -24386,8 +24386,16 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
       ␊
       [Valid](#valid-heading-about-lh%C3%B4pitals-rule)␊
       ␊
+      [Valid](#valid-heading-about-lhôpitals-rule)␊
+      ␊
       [Valid](#en-t%C3%AAte-valide-dans-fran%C3%A7ais-pour-v%C3%A9rification)␊
       ␊
+      [Valid](#en-tête-valide-dans-français-pour-vérification)␊
+      ␊
+      [Valid](#%E6%A0%87%E9%A2%98)␊
+      ␊
+      [Valid](#标题)␊
+      ␊
       [Valid](#valid-heading-is-a-link)␊
       ␊
       [Valid](#valid-heading-has-a-link)␊
@@ -24479,6 +24487,8 @@ Generated by [AVA](https://avajs.dev).
       ␊
       ### En-tête Valide Dans Français Pour Vérification␊
       ␊
+      ### 标题␊
+      ␊
       ### [Valid Heading Is a Link](https://example.com)␊
       ␊
       ### Valid Heading [Has a Link](https://example.com)␊
diff --git a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-test-scenarios.js.snap b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-test-scenarios.js.snap
index 75eb660fb..d041ea7d8 100644
Binary files a/test/snapshots/markdownlint-test-scenarios.js.snap and b/test/snapshots/markdownlint-test-scenarios.js.snap differ