In this we are first given a file that contains a hexdump.
We need to convert the hexdump back to a binary file. This can be done using xxd -r. We can pipe this into file - to see what the data is.
cat data.txt | xxd -r | file -
This tells us that the hexdump is gzip compressed data. We can decompress this using the command gunzip.
cat data.txt | xxd -r | gunzip | file -
We now have some bzip2 compressed data. This can be decompressed with bunzip2.
cat data.txt | xxd -r | gunzip | bunzip2 | file -
The next level down is another gzip file, and inside that there is a .tar archive. tar archives can be decompressed on the command line using tar xO.
cat data.txt | xxd -r | gunzip | bunzip2 | gunzip | tar xO | file -
Inside that we have another tar archive, then another bzip2 file, then another tar archive. Inside that is gzip data and then finally we have ASCII text.
cat data.txt | xxd -r | gunzip | bunzip2 | gunzip | tar -xO | tar -xO | bunzip2 | tar -xO | gunzip | file -
Removing the | file - reveals the password: wbWdlBxEir4CaE8LaPhauuOo6pwRmrDw