md4_ronald_rivest.c

/* GLOBAL.H - RSAREF types and constants
 */

/* PROTOTYPES should be set to one if and only if the compiler supports
     function argument prototyping.
   The following makes PROTOTYPES default to 0 if it has not already
     been defined with C compiler flags.
 */
#ifndef PROTOTYPES
#define PROTOTYPES 0
#endif

/* POINTER defines a generic pointer type */
typedef unsigned char *POINTER;

/* UINT2 defines a two byte word */
typedef unsigned short int UINT2;

/* UINT4 defines a four byte word */
typedef unsigned long int UINT4;

/* PROTO_LIST is defined depending on how PROTOTYPES is defined above.
   If using PROTOTYPES, then PROTO_LIST returns the list, otherwise it
     returns an empty list. */

#if PROTOTYPES
#define PROTO_LIST(list) list
#else
#define PROTO_LIST(list) ()
#endif

A.2 md4.h

/* MD4.H - header file for MD4C.C
 */

/* Copyright (C) 1991-2, RSA Data Security, Inc. Created 1991. All
   rights reserved.

   License to copy and use this software is granted provided that it
   is identified as the "RSA Data Security, Inc. MD4 Message-Digest
   Algorithm" in all material mentioning or referencing this software
   or this function.



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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


   License is also granted to make and use derivative works provided
   that such works are identified as "derived from the RSA Data
   Security, Inc. MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm" in all material
   mentioning or referencing the derived work.

   RSA Data Security, Inc. makes no representations concerning either
   the merchantability of this software or the suitability of this
   software for any particular purpose. It is provided "as is"
   without express or implied warranty of any kind.

   These notices must be retained in any copies of any part of this
   documentation and/or software.
 */

/* MD4 context. */
typedef struct {
  UINT4 state[4];                                   /* state (ABCD) */
  UINT4 count[2];        /* number of bits, modulo 2^64 (lsb first) */
  unsigned char buffer[64];                         /* input buffer */
} MD4_CTX;

void MD4Init PROTO_LIST ((MD4_CTX *));
void MD4Update PROTO_LIST
  ((MD4_CTX *, unsigned char *, unsigned int));
void MD4Final PROTO_LIST ((unsigned char [16], MD4_CTX *));

/* MD4C.C - RSA Data Security, Inc., MD4 message-digest algorithm */

/* Copyright (C) 1990-2, RSA Data Security, Inc. All rights reserved.

   License to copy and use this software is granted provided that it
   is identified as the "RSA Data Security, Inc. MD4 Message-Digest
   Algorithm" in all material mentioning or referencing this software
   or this function.

   License is also granted to make and use derivative works provided
   that such works are identified as "derived from the RSA Data
   Security, Inc. MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm" in all material
   mentioning or referencing the derived work.

   RSA Data Security, Inc. makes no representations concerning either
   the merchantability of this software or the suitability of this
   software for any particular purpose. It is provided "as is"
   without express or implied warranty of any kind.

RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992

   These notices must be retained in any copies of any part of this
   documentation and/or software. */

#include "global.h"
#include "md4.h"

/* Constants for MD4Transform routine. */
#define S11 3
#define S12 7
#define S13 11
#define S14 19
#define S21 3
#define S22 5
#define S23 9
#define S24 13
#define S31 3
#define S32 9
#define S33 11
#define S34 15

static void MD4Transform PROTO_LIST ((UINT4 [4], unsigned char [64]));
static void Encode PROTO_LIST  ((unsigned char *, UINT4 *, unsigned int));
static void Decode PROTO_LIST  ((UINT4 *, unsigned char *, unsigned int));
static void MD4_memcpy PROTO_LIST ((POINTER, POINTER, unsigned int));
static void MD4_memset PROTO_LIST ((POINTER, int, unsigned int));

static unsigned char PADDING[64] = {
  0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
};

/* F, G and H are basic MD4 functions.
 */
#define F(x, y, z) (((x) & (y)) | ((~x) & (z)))
#define G(x, y, z) (((x) & (y)) | ((x) & (z)) | ((y) & (z)))
#define H(x, y, z) ((x) ^ (y) ^ (z))

/* ROTATE_LEFT rotates x left n bits.
 */
#define ROTATE_LEFT(x, n) (((x) << (n)) | ((x) >> (32-(n))))

/* FF, GG and HH are transformations for rounds 1, 2 and 3 */
/* Rotation is separate from addition to prevent recomputation */



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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


#define FF(a, b, c, d, x, s) { \
    (a) += F ((b), (c), (d)) + (x); \
    (a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
  }
#define GG(a, b, c, d, x, s) { \
    (a) += G ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)0x5a827999; \
    (a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
  }
#define HH(a, b, c, d, x, s) { \
    (a) += H ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)0x6ed9eba1; \
    (a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
  }

/* MD4 initialization. Begins an MD4 operation, writing a new context.
 */
void MD4Init (context)
MD4_CTX *context;                                        /* context */
{
  context->count[0] = context->count[1] = 0;

  /* Load magic initialization constants.
   */
  context->state[0] = 0x67452301;
  context->state[1] = 0xefcdab89;
  context->state[2] = 0x98badcfe;
  context->state[3] = 0x10325476;
}

/* MD4 block update operation. Continues an MD4 message-digest
     operation, processing another message block, and updating the
     context.
 */
void MD4Update (context, input, inputLen)
MD4_CTX *context;                                        /* context */
unsigned char *input;                                /* input block */
unsigned int inputLen;                     /* length of input block */
{
  unsigned int i, index, partLen;

  /* Compute number of bytes mod 64 */
  index = (unsigned int)((context->count[0] >> 3) & 0x3F);
  /* Update number of bits */
  if ((context->count[0] += ((UINT4)inputLen << 3))
      < ((UINT4)inputLen << 3))
    context->count[1]++;
  context->count[1] += ((UINT4)inputLen >> 29);

  partLen = 64 - index;



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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


  /* Transform as many times as possible.
   */
  if (inputLen >= partLen) {
    MD4_memcpy
      ((POINTER)&context->buffer[index], (POINTER)input, partLen);
    MD4Transform (context->state, context->buffer);

    for (i = partLen; i + 63 < inputLen; i += 64)
      MD4Transform (context->state, &input[i]);

    index = 0;
  }
  else
    i = 0;

  /* Buffer remaining input */
  MD4_memcpy
    ((POINTER)&context->buffer[index], (POINTER)&input[i],
     inputLen-i);
}

/* MD4 finalization. Ends an MD4 message-digest operation, writing the
     the message digest and zeroizing the context.
 */
void MD4Final (digest, context)
unsigned char digest[16];                         /* message digest */
MD4_CTX *context;                                        /* context */
{
  unsigned char bits[8];
  unsigned int index, padLen;

  /* Save number of bits */
  Encode (bits, context->count, 8);

  /* Pad out to 56 mod 64.
   */
  index = (unsigned int)((context->count[0] >> 3) & 0x3f);
  padLen = (index < 56) ? (56 - index) : (120 - index);
  MD4Update (context, PADDING, padLen);

  /* Append length (before padding) */
  MD4Update (context, bits, 8);
  /* Store state in digest */
  Encode (digest, context->state, 16);

  /* Zeroize sensitive information.
   */
  MD4_memset ((POINTER)context, 0, sizeof (*context));



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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


}

/* MD4 basic transformation. Transforms state based on block.
 */
static void MD4Transform (state, block)
UINT4 state[4];
unsigned char block[64];
{
  UINT4 a = state[0], b = state[1], c = state[2], d = state[3], x[16];

  Decode (x, block, 64);

  /* Round 1 */
  FF (a, b, c, d, x[ 0], S11); /* 1 */
  FF (d, a, b, c, x[ 1], S12); /* 2 */
  FF (c, d, a, b, x[ 2], S13); /* 3 */
  FF (b, c, d, a, x[ 3], S14); /* 4 */
  FF (a, b, c, d, x[ 4], S11); /* 5 */
  FF (d, a, b, c, x[ 5], S12); /* 6 */
  FF (c, d, a, b, x[ 6], S13); /* 7 */
  FF (b, c, d, a, x[ 7], S14); /* 8 */
  FF (a, b, c, d, x[ 8], S11); /* 9 */
  FF (d, a, b, c, x[ 9], S12); /* 10 */
  FF (c, d, a, b, x[10], S13); /* 11 */
  FF (b, c, d, a, x[11], S14); /* 12 */
  FF (a, b, c, d, x[12], S11); /* 13 */
  FF (d, a, b, c, x[13], S12); /* 14 */
  FF (c, d, a, b, x[14], S13); /* 15 */
  FF (b, c, d, a, x[15], S14); /* 16 */

  /* Round 2 */
  GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 0], S21); /* 17 */
  GG (d, a, b, c, x[ 4], S22); /* 18 */
  GG (c, d, a, b, x[ 8], S23); /* 19 */
  GG (b, c, d, a, x[12], S24); /* 20 */
  GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 1], S21); /* 21 */
  GG (d, a, b, c, x[ 5], S22); /* 22 */
  GG (c, d, a, b, x[ 9], S23); /* 23 */
  GG (b, c, d, a, x[13], S24); /* 24 */
  GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 2], S21); /* 25 */
  GG (d, a, b, c, x[ 6], S22); /* 26 */
  GG (c, d, a, b, x[10], S23); /* 27 */
  GG (b, c, d, a, x[14], S24); /* 28 */
  GG (a, b, c, d, x[ 3], S21); /* 29 */
  GG (d, a, b, c, x[ 7], S22); /* 30 */
  GG (c, d, a, b, x[11], S23); /* 31 */
  GG (b, c, d, a, x[15], S24); /* 32 */




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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


  /* Round 3 */
  HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 0], S31); /* 33 */
  HH (d, a, b, c, x[ 8], S32); /* 34 */
  HH (c, d, a, b, x[ 4], S33); /* 35 */
  HH (b, c, d, a, x[12], S34); /* 36 */
  HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 2], S31); /* 37 */
  HH (d, a, b, c, x[10], S32); /* 38 */
  HH (c, d, a, b, x[ 6], S33); /* 39 */
  HH (b, c, d, a, x[14], S34); /* 40 */
  HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 1], S31); /* 41 */
  HH (d, a, b, c, x[ 9], S32); /* 42 */
  HH (c, d, a, b, x[ 5], S33); /* 43 */
  HH (b, c, d, a, x[13], S34); /* 44 */
  HH (a, b, c, d, x[ 3], S31); /* 45 */
  HH (d, a, b, c, x[11], S32); /* 46 */
  HH (c, d, a, b, x[ 7], S33); /* 47 */
  HH (b, c, d, a, x[15], S34); /* 48 */

  state[0] += a;
  state[1] += b;
  state[2] += c;
  state[3] += d;

  /* Zeroize sensitive information.
   */
  MD4_memset ((POINTER)x, 0, sizeof (x));
}

/* Encodes input (UINT4) into output (unsigned char). Assumes len is
     a multiple of 4.
 */
static void Encode (output, input, len)
unsigned char *output;
UINT4 *input;
unsigned int len;
{
  unsigned int i, j;

  for (i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i++, j += 4) {
    output[j] = (unsigned char)(input[i] & 0xff);
    output[j+1] = (unsigned char)((input[i] >> 8) & 0xff);
    output[j+2] = (unsigned char)((input[i] >> 16) & 0xff);
    output[j+3] = (unsigned char)((input[i] >> 24) & 0xff);
  }
}

/* Decodes input (unsigned char) into output (UINT4). Assumes len is
     a multiple of 4.



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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


 */
static void Decode (output, input, len)

UINT4 *output;
unsigned char *input;
unsigned int len;
{
  unsigned int i, j;

  for (i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i++, j += 4)
    output[i] = ((UINT4)input[j]) | (((UINT4)input[j+1]) << 8) |
      (((UINT4)input[j+2]) << 16) | (((UINT4)input[j+3]) << 24);
}

/* Note: Replace "for loop" with standard memcpy if possible.
 */
static void MD4_memcpy (output, input, len)
POINTER output;
POINTER input;
unsigned int len;
{
  unsigned int i;

  for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
    output[i] = input[i];
}

/* Note: Replace "for loop" with standard memset if possible.
 */
static void MD4_memset (output, value, len)
POINTER output;
int value;
unsigned int len;
{
  unsigned int i;

  for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
    ((char *)output)[i] = (char)value;
}

A.4 mddriver.c

/* MDDRIVER.C - test driver for MD2, MD4 and MD5
 */

/* Copyright (C) 1990-2, RSA Data Security, Inc. Created 1990. All
   rights reserved.




Rivest                                                         [Page 14]

 
RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


   RSA Data Security, Inc. makes no representations concerning either
   the merchantability of this software or the suitability of this
   software for any particular purpose. It is provided "as is"
   without express or implied warranty of any kind.

   These notices must be retained in any copies of any part of this
   documentation and/or software.

 */

/* The following makes MD default to MD5 if it has not already been
     defined with C compiler flags.
 */
#ifndef MD
#define MD MD5
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "global.h"
#if MD == 2
#include "md2.h"
#endif
#if MD == 4
#include "md4.h"
#endif
#if MD == 5
#include "md5.h"
#endif

/* Length of test block, number of test blocks.
 */
#define TEST_BLOCK_LEN 1000
#define TEST_BLOCK_COUNT 1000

static void MDString PROTO_LIST ((char *));
static void MDTimeTrial PROTO_LIST ((void));
static void MDTestSuite PROTO_LIST ((void));
static void MDFile PROTO_LIST ((char *));
static void MDFilter PROTO_LIST ((void));
static void MDPrint PROTO_LIST ((unsigned char [16]));

#if MD == 2
#define MD_CTX MD2_CTX
#define MDInit MD2Init
#define MDUpdate MD2Update
#define MDFinal MD2Final



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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


#endif
#if MD == 4
#define MD_CTX MD4_CTX
#define MDInit MD4Init
#define MDUpdate MD4Update
#define MDFinal MD4Final
#endif
#if MD == 5
#define MD_CTX MD5_CTX
#define MDInit MD5Init
#define MDUpdate MD5Update
#define MDFinal MD5Final
#endif

/* Main driver.

   Arguments (may be any combination):
     -sstring - digests string
     -t       - runs time trial
     -x       - runs test script
     filename - digests file
     (none)   - digests standard input
 */
int main (argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
  int i;

  if (argc > 1)
    for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
      if (argv[i][0] == '-' && argv[i][1] == 's')
        MDString (argv[i] + 2);
      else if (strcmp (argv[i], "-t") == 0)
        MDTimeTrial ();
      else if (strcmp (argv[i], "-x") == 0)
        MDTestSuite ();
      else
        MDFile (argv[i]);
  else
    MDFilter ();

  return (0);
}

/* Digests a string and prints the result.
 */
static void MDString (string)



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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


char *string;
{
  MD_CTX context;
  unsigned char digest[16];
  unsigned int len = strlen (string);

  MDInit (&context);
  MDUpdate (&context, string, len);
  MDFinal (digest, &context);

  printf ("MD%d (\"%s\") = ", MD, string);
  MDPrint (digest);
  printf ("\n");
}

/* Measures the time to digest TEST_BLOCK_COUNT TEST_BLOCK_LEN-byte
     blocks.
 */
static void MDTimeTrial ()
{
  MD_CTX context;
  time_t endTime, startTime;
  unsigned char block[TEST_BLOCK_LEN], digest[16];
  unsigned int i;

  printf
    ("MD%d time trial. Digesting %d %d-byte blocks ...", MD,
     TEST_BLOCK_LEN, TEST_BLOCK_COUNT);

  /* Initialize block */
  for (i = 0; i < TEST_BLOCK_LEN; i++)
    block[i] = (unsigned char)(i & 0xff);

  /* Start timer */
  time (&startTime);

  /* Digest blocks */
  MDInit (&context);
  for (i = 0; i < TEST_BLOCK_COUNT; i++)
    MDUpdate (&context, block, TEST_BLOCK_LEN);
  MDFinal (digest, &context);

  /* Stop timer */
  time (&endTime);

  printf (" done\n");
  printf ("Digest = ");
  MDPrint (digest);



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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


  printf ("\nTime = %ld seconds\n", (long)(endTime-startTime));
  printf
    ("Speed = %ld bytes/second\n",
     (long)TEST_BLOCK_LEN * (long)TEST_BLOCK_COUNT/(endTime-startTime));
}

/* Digests a reference suite of strings and prints the results.
 */
static void MDTestSuite ()
{
  printf ("MD%d test suite:\n", MD);

  MDString ("");
  MDString ("a");
  MDString ("abc");
  MDString ("message digest");
  MDString ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
  MDString
    ("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789");
  MDString

    ("1234567890123456789012345678901234567890\
1234567890123456789012345678901234567890");
}

/* Digests a file and prints the result.
 */
static void MDFile (filename)
char *filename;
{
  FILE *file;
  MD_CTX context;
  int len;
  unsigned char buffer[1024], digest[16];

  if ((file = fopen (filename, "rb")) == NULL)
    printf ("%s can't be opened\n", filename);

  else {
    MDInit (&context);
    while (len = fread (buffer, 1, 1024, file))
      MDUpdate (&context, buffer, len);
    MDFinal (digest, &context);

    fclose (file);

    printf ("MD%d (%s) = ", MD, filename);
    MDPrint (digest);



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RFC 1320              MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm            April 1992


    printf ("\n");
  }
}

/* Digests the standard input and prints the result.
 */
static void MDFilter ()
{
  MD_CTX context;
  int len;
  unsigned char buffer[16], digest[16];

  MDInit (&context);
  while (len = fread (buffer, 1, 16, stdin))
    MDUpdate (&context, buffer, len);
  MDFinal (digest, &context);

  MDPrint (digest);
  printf ("\n");
}

/* Prints a message digest in hexadecimal.
 */
static void MDPrint (digest)
unsigned char digest[16];

{
  unsigned int i;

  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
    printf ("%02x", digest[i]);
}

A.5 Test suite

   The MD4 test suite (driver option "-x") should print the following
   results:

MD4 test suite:
MD4 ("") = 31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0
MD4 ("a") = bde52cb31de33e46245e05fbdbd6fb24
MD4 ("abc") = a448017aaf21d8525fc10ae87aa6729d
MD4 ("message digest") = d9130a8164549fe818874806e1c7014b
MD4 ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz") = d79e1c308aa5bbcdeea8ed63df412da9
MD4 ("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789") =
043f8582f241db351ce627e153e7f0e4
MD4 ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456
78901234567890") = e33b4ddc9c38f2199c3e7b164fcc0536