diff --git a/drogon_ctl/create_model.cc b/drogon_ctl/create_model.cc
index 5827f93039..5b12d505c3 100644
--- a/drogon_ctl/create_model.cc
+++ b/drogon_ctl/create_model.cc
@@ -637,10 +637,9 @@ void create_model::createModelClassFromSqlite3(
         data["primaryKeyType"] = pkTypes;
     }
     data["columns"] = cols;
-    std::ofstream headerFile(path + "/" + className + ".h",
-                                std::ofstream::out);
+    std::ofstream headerFile(path + "/" + className + ".h", std::ofstream::out);
     std::ofstream sourceFile(path + "/" + className + ".cc",
-                                std::ofstream::out);
+                             std::ofstream::out);
     auto templ = DrTemplateBase::newTemplate("model_h.csp");
     headerFile << templ->genText(data);
     templ = DrTemplateBase::newTemplate("model_cc.csp");
diff --git a/lib/src/HttpRequestImpl.cc b/lib/src/HttpRequestImpl.cc
index fe71416c45..9b79131cf0 100644
--- a/lib/src/HttpRequestImpl.cc
+++ b/lib/src/HttpRequestImpl.cc
@@ -314,10 +314,11 @@ void HttpRequestImpl::appendToBuffer(trantor::MsgBuffer *output) const
     if (!passThrough_ && (!content.empty() || !content_.empty()))
     {
         char buf[64];
-        auto len = snprintf(buf,
-                            sizeof(buf),
-                            contentLengthFormatString<decltype(content.length())>(),
-                            content.length() + content_.length());
+        auto len =
+            snprintf(buf,
+                     sizeof(buf),
+                     contentLengthFormatString<decltype(content.length())>(),
+                     content.length() + content_.length());
         output->append(buf, len);
         if (contentTypeString_.empty())
         {
diff --git a/lib/src/HttpResponseImpl.cc b/lib/src/HttpResponseImpl.cc
index abd8a17240..09bb49b60e 100644
--- a/lib/src/HttpResponseImpl.cc
+++ b/lib/src/HttpResponseImpl.cc
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ using namespace drogon;
 
 namespace drogon
 {
-
 // "Fri, 23 Aug 2019 12:58:03 GMT" length = 29
 static const size_t httpFullDateStringLength = 29;
 static inline void doResponseCreateAdvices(
@@ -284,10 +283,11 @@ void HttpResponseImpl::makeHeaderString(trantor::MsgBuffer &buffer)
                 LOG_SYSERR << sendfileName_ << " stat error";
                 return;
             }
-            len = snprintf(buffer.beginWrite(),
-                           buffer.writableBytes(),
-                           contentLengthFormatString<decltype(filestat.st_size)>(),
-                           filestat.st_size);
+            len = snprintf(
+                buffer.beginWrite(),
+                buffer.writableBytes(),
+                contentLengthFormatString<decltype(filestat.st_size)>(),
+                filestat.st_size);
         }
         buffer.hasWritten(len);
         if (headers_.find("Connection") == headers_.end())
diff --git a/orm_lib/inc/drogon/orm/Result.h b/orm_lib/inc/drogon/orm/Result.h
index b686380470..628d384911 100644
--- a/orm_lib/inc/drogon/orm/Result.h
+++ b/orm_lib/inc/drogon/orm/Result.h
@@ -124,6 +124,10 @@ class Result
      */
     unsigned long long insertId() const noexcept;
 
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+    Result() = default;
+#endif
+
   private:
     ResultImplPtr resultPtr_;
 
@@ -142,14 +146,6 @@ class Result
     const char *getValue(SizeType row, RowSizeType column) const;
     bool isNull(SizeType row, RowSizeType column) const;
     FieldSizeType getLength(SizeType row, RowSizeType column) const;
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-  public:
-#else
-  protected:
-#endif
-    Result()
-    {
-    }
 };
 inline void swap(Result &one, Result &two) noexcept
 {
diff --git a/orm_lib/src/ResultImpl.h b/orm_lib/src/ResultImpl.h
index 7018bfabf9..42508e91c3 100644
--- a/orm_lib/src/ResultImpl.h
+++ b/orm_lib/src/ResultImpl.h
@@ -20,10 +20,13 @@ namespace drogon
 {
 namespace orm
 {
-class ResultImpl : public trantor::NonCopyable, public Result
+class ResultImpl : public trantor::NonCopyable
 {
   public:
     ResultImpl() = default;
+    using SizeType = Result::SizeType;
+    using RowSizeType = Result::RowSizeType;
+    using FieldSizeType = Result::FieldSizeType;
     virtual SizeType size() const noexcept = 0;
     virtual RowSizeType columns() const noexcept = 0;
     virtual const char *columnName(RowSizeType Number) const = 0;