If is for decision making operations. This creates a conditional statement and the code will only run if the condition is met.
Example:
num = 10
if num = 10:
print("Hi Python")
Else provides an alternative solution in case both the if and elif are false.
Example:
x = 10
if x <= 10:
print("x is greater than or equal to 10")
else:
print("x is smaller than 10")
Elif gives an alternative condition so that the code can have another chance to run. Used to create multiple conditional statements.
Example:
food_cost
if food_cost > 400:
print("Insufficient fund")
elif food_cost == 400:
print("Sufficienct fund")
else:
print("You still have money left")
Iteration is when the same procedure is repeated over and over again.
Loops used to run same line of codes several times until condition is met. Loops allow codes to recur, so that our lives will be much easier.
For Loops - repeats a sequence until the condition is satisfied. A sequence can be a list, tuple, dictionary set, or string.
Example:
colors = ["green", "blue", "black", "yellow"]
for x in colors:
print(x)
for x in "string":
print(x)
Continue Statement - skips the value of the variable and proceedes with the rest of the item in the list.
Example:
colors = ["green", "blue", "black", "yellow"]
for x in colors:
if x == "blue":
continue
print(x)
Break Statement - if you want to stop the loop completely
Example:
colors = ["green", "blue", "black", "yellow"]
for x in colors:
print(x)
if x == "black":
break
Range Functions - this provides a sequence of numbers starting from 0 and ending at a number you specify. The code is then looped through that many number of times
Example:
x = range(8) #by default range starts at 0
for y in x:
print(y)
Nested keywoard - is a loop within a loop
Example:
colors = ["green", "blue", "black", "yellow"]
things = ["laptop", "hard drive" "keyboard", "mouse"]
for x in colors:
for y in colors:
print(x,y)
While Loop - these are used to iterate statements until it becomes false
Example:
i = 1
while i <= 10:
print(i)
i += 1
Continue Statement
Example:
i = 0
while i < 5:
i += 1
if i == 4:
continue
print(i)
Else Statement
Example:
i = 1
while i < 7:
print(i)
i += 1
else:
print("i is no longer less than 7")
You can view my 04Conditional.py and 04Loops.py to see an example exercise for this topic.