These are called advanced search operators.
# Keywords
"keyword" # Must include keyword
"foo bar baz" # Must include phrase
-keyword # Must exclude keyword
-foo -bar -baz # Must exclude keywords
# Content
intitle: foo # Single
allintitle: foo bar # Multiple
inurl: foo # Single
allinurl: foo bar # Multiple
intext: foo # Single
allintext: foo bar # Multiple
# Specific website
website.com: query
site:website.com query
link:example.com # Sites linking to example.com
# Files
filetype: pdf
ext: pdf
# Period
after: 2017
before: 2018
2017..2018 # Between dates
# Utilities
define: meaning
weather: berlin
map: place
stocks: aapl
Google Dorking, also known as Google Hacking, is a technique that utilizes advanced search operators to uncover information on the internet that may not be readily available through standard search queries.
Examples:
intitle: webcampxp 5
filetype:env "DB_PASSWORD"