item_25.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3

# Copyright 2014 Brett Slatkin, Pearson Education Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Preamble to mimick book environment
import logging
from pprint import pprint
from sys import stdout as STDOUT


# Example 1
class MyBaseClass(object):
    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value

class MyChildClass(MyBaseClass):
    def __init__(self):
        MyBaseClass.__init__(self, 5)

    def times_two(self):
        return self.value * 2

foo = MyChildClass()
print(foo.times_two())


# Example 2
class TimesTwo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.value *= 2

class PlusFive(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.value += 5


# Example 3
class OneWay(MyBaseClass, TimesTwo, PlusFive):
    def __init__(self, value):
        MyBaseClass.__init__(self, value)
        TimesTwo.__init__(self)
        PlusFive.__init__(self)


# Example 4
foo = OneWay(5)
print('First ordering is (5 * 2) + 5 =', foo.value)


# Example 5
class AnotherWay(MyBaseClass, PlusFive, TimesTwo):
    def __init__(self, value):
        MyBaseClass.__init__(self, value)
        TimesTwo.__init__(self)
        PlusFive.__init__(self)


# Example 6
bar = AnotherWay(5)
print('Second ordering still is', bar.value)


# Example 7
class TimesFive(MyBaseClass):
    def __init__(self, value):
        MyBaseClass.__init__(self, value)
        self.value *= 5

class PlusTwo(MyBaseClass):
    def __init__(self, value):
        MyBaseClass.__init__(self, value)
        self.value += 2


# Example 8
class ThisWay(TimesFive, PlusTwo):
    def __init__(self, value):
        TimesFive.__init__(self, value)
        PlusTwo.__init__(self, value)

foo = ThisWay(5)
print('Should be (5 * 5) + 2 = 27 but is', foo.value)


# Example 11
# This is pretending to be Python 2 but it's not
class MyBaseClass(object):
    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value

class TimesFiveCorrect(MyBaseClass):
    def __init__(self, value):
        super(TimesFiveCorrect, self).__init__(value)
        self.value *= 5

class PlusTwoCorrect(MyBaseClass):
    def __init__(self, value):
        super(PlusTwoCorrect, self).__init__(value)
        self.value += 2

class GoodWay(TimesFiveCorrect, PlusTwoCorrect):
    def __init__(self, value):
        super(GoodWay, self).__init__(value)

before_pprint = pprint
pprint(GoodWay.mro())
from pprint import pprint
pprint(GoodWay.mro())
pprint = pprint


# Example 12
class Explicit(MyBaseClass):
    def __init__(self, value):
        super(__class__, self).__init__(value * 2)

class Implicit(MyBaseClass):
    def __init__(self, value):
        super().__init__(value * 2)

assert Explicit(10).value == Implicit(10).value